Week 5 - Curve fitting

Could not start the project as the licence expired.

Aim:   Given Data: Engine Geometric Parameters Bore =0.086 m Stroke = 0.09 m Connecting rod length = 0.18 m RPM = 3000 Run parameters Simulation mode: No Hydro Simulation time parameters Start time : -520 deg end time : 120 deg Boundary conditions Piston temperature - 450K Liner temperature - 450K Head temperature - 450K…

Aim: Surface preparation and Boundary Flagging (PFI) Given Geometry: After running the diagnostics folloewing errors are found out. Boundary Flagging Select by angle method  Now hide boundary no 2.          

Aim: Setup a transient shock tube simulation   Theory: Shock Tube: The shock tube is an instrument used to replicate and direct blast waves at a sensor or a model in order to simulate actual explosions and their effects, usually on a smaller scale.   Simulation setup: Geometry setup: Non manifold errors After deleting…

Questions based on PFI Engine: Q1. What is the Compression ratio for the engine? The compression ratio is defined as the ratio between the volume of the cylinder with the piston in the bottom position, Vbottom (largest volume), and in the top position, Vtop (smallest volume). The higher this ratio, the greater…

Aim: Prandtl Meyer Shock problem Theory: Neumann boundary condition:  The Neumann boundary condition specifies the normal derivative at a boundary to be zero or a constant. When the boundary is a plane normal to an axis, say the x axis, zero normal derivative represents an adiabatic boundary, in the case of a…

Aim: To perform Conjugate Heat Transfer Simulation in converge software. Theory: Conjugate heat transfer: Conjuate Heat Transfer is combination of heat transfer in solid and heat transfer in fluid. In solid, conduction often domain whereas in fluid convection usually domain. Conjugate heat transfer is observed in…

Aim: Transient simulation of flow over a throttle body. Procedure: Load the case setup file for steady state flow and make the following changes. In run parameters select the transient solver In Simulation time parameters, End time is 4*time for flow to take place through the pipe=4*vel*char length=0.01 secs.  Now go to…

 Aim: Set up and run the steady state simulation for flow over throttle body.Throttle body:A throttle body is a butterfly valve located between the air intake filter and the intake manifold. It regulates how much air can go into the engine, based on driver input through the gas pedal. As more air flows into the…

Aim: To simulate Flow over a backward facing step   Theory: Whenever new turbulence model is developed it is tested in backward facing step since a lot of experimental data is available for this geometrical setup.   Converge studio setup Define boundaries Case setup:     Show the mesh (i.e surface with…

Apply reynold's decomposition to the NS equations and come up with the expression for reynold's stress.  The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations (RANS equations) are time-averaged[a] equations of motion for fluid flow. The idea behind the equations is Reynolds decomposition, whereby an instantaneous quantity…

Aim: Channel flow simulation using CONVERGE CFD. Theory:  Channel flow is an internal flow in which the confining walls change the hydrodynamic structure of the flow from an arbitrary state at the channel inlet to a certain state at the outlet. The simplest illustration of internal flow is a laminar flow in a…

Aim: Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit Given Data: Hint- take battery voltage =12V Identify each of the major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram.  Battery Starter Motor Connecting Wires Ignition Coil Distributor Breaker Generator Current and voltage regulator Ammeter Junction Block Horns Lamps…

Aim: Write a python program to plot the pv diagram and calculate efficiency of an engine for the given input parameters. theory: otto cycle. The Otto cycle is a cycle of engine operation which requires four strokes of the piston: for induction, compression, ignition, and exhaust. The fuel and air mixture is compressed…

Aim: To perform Curve Fitting. Theory: Curve Fitting: Curve fitting is one of the most powerful and most widely used analysis tools in Origin. Curve fitting examines the relationship between one or more predictors (independent variables) and a response variable (dependent variable), with the goal of defining…

Aim: Write a program in Python that will simulate the pendulum motion To write a program that solves the following ODE. This ODE represents the equation of motion of a simple pendulum with damping In the above equation, g = gravity in m/s2, L = length of the pendulum in m, m = mass of the ball in kg, b=damping coefficient.…

Aim: To study the effect of wedge angle and the Boundary Conditions on the simulation of an axisymmetric laminar flow in a cylindrical pipe.  Angles to test: 10o 25o 45o   Wedge Boundary Condition: Matlab code: clear all close all clc % Flow variables rho = 1000; % Density mu = 0.00089; % Dynamic Viscosity…

Aim: To simulate the isentropic flow through a quasi 1D subsonic-supersonic nozzle. Derive both the conservation and non-conservation forms of the governing equations and sovle them using the MacCormack's technique. Determine the steady-state temperature distribution for the flow-field variables and investigate the difference…

Aim: Simulate an axi-symmetric flow by applying the wedge boundary condition.   Given data: The flow is laminar and flows through a constant cross-section pipe at an inlet Reynold's number of 2100.   Theory: Pipe flow is a type of liquid flow within a closed conduit, such as a pipe or tube. The…

Aim: Simulate an incompressible-laminar-viscous transient flow through the backward facing step geometry. Given data: Mesh specification Number of cells along the x direction (longer dimension) = 200 Number of cells along the longer y direction = 20; Boundary condition specification The domain specifications are provided…

What is Finite Volume Method(FVM), Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis and data structures to analyze and solve problems that involve fluid flows. Methodology For CFD Analysis: The Geometry Is designed using the CAD Software. The volume occupied by the fluid is…

  Aim: 1. Steady state analysis & Transient State Analysis Solve the 2D heat conduction equation by using the point iterative techniques that were taught in the class. The Boundary conditions for the problem are as follows; Top Boundary = 600 K Bottom Boundary = 900 K Left Boundary = 400 K Right Boundary = 800…

Aim:  To Derive the following 4th order approximations of the second-order derivative using Central difference Scheme, Skewed right-sided difference and Skewed left-sided difference using Taylor Table method and compare the obtained results using above schmes with the analytical results for the…

Aim: For the given model, check and solve all geometrical errors and Assign appropriate PIDs. Perform meshing with the suitable Target length and element Quality criteria. Given Model: Now Go to mesh deck>Length>perimeters>select all model>enter length as 1mm>ok. this will create smooth surface. Geometry…

Aim: For the given models, check for the geometrical errors and delete surfaces which are unwanted for Surface wrap. After clearing geometry, Merge all 3 models and perform surface wrap. Target length for Wrap = 3 mm Theory about surface wrap: The surface wrapper wraps the geometry of interest to create a volume that does…

Aim:To perform Meshing For the given BMW Car Model. Logic: Six volumes are to be created Volume inside the car, 4 Volumes at the tyres, Volume between the car and the wind tunnel. And then we will delete all the five volumes and keep only one volume ie. volume between car and the wind tunnel. Geometry clean up: Given Geometry…

Aim: For the given model, check for the geometrical errors to make appropriate volumes. Create and assign PIDs. Perform surface mesh with the given target lengths as per PIDs. Blade stage-1 = 1 mm Blade stage-2 = 1 mm Impeller = 2 mm Shaft rotor = 1 mm Turbo casing = 5 mm Compressor casing = 5 mm Inlet casing cover = 5…

Aim: For the given model, check for the geometrical errors and perform Topology cleanup accordingly. Set three different target lengths as three different cases and mesh the model.  Target length = 1mm, 3 mm and 5 mm (i.e. 3 cases) Element type = Tria Procedure: Given geometry Geometry check: Tools>checks>geometry…

Aim: To perform the combustion simulation of natural gas and Generate a plot for CO2, H2O, CH4, N2, O2, NOx emissions & Soot formation.  Theory: About the Natural Gas: Natural gas (also called fossil gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane in addition…

  Aim:- To perform CFD analysis on cyclone separator and calculate the separation efficiency and pressure drop.   Cyclone separators or simply cyclones are separation devices (dry scrubbers) that use the principle of inertia to remove particulate matter from flue gases. Cyclone separators is one of…

Aim: Perform a simulation to analyse flow through a gate valve. Also perform a parametric study to analyse the flow rate at the outlet of the gate valve through various level of lift of the gate disc. Theory about the Gate valves: A gate valve, also known as a sluice valve, is a valve that opens by lifting a barrier (gate)…

Aim: Perform a steady-state conjugate heat transfer analysis on a model of a graphics card. Material used: Fins-Aluminium. Processor-Silica. Base-Wood. Geometry Base Processor Fin Base Enclosure  Using Share Topology: Go to workbench> click on share and press ok. Mesh Base Mesh Closer view: Below Image shows…

What are some practical CFD models that have been based on the mathematical analysis of Rayleigh Taylor waves? In your own words, explain how these mathematical models have been adapted for CFD calculations. Rayleigh Taylor instability is an instability of an interface between two fluids of different densities which…

  Give a brief description of why and where a CHT analysis is used. The three main modes of heat transfer:‐ Conduction is heat transfer that occurs when a temperature difference exists across a stationary medium.‐ Convection is the heat transfer between a surface and a moving fluid when there is a temperature…

Q1. Describe Ahmed's body and its importance. Brief Description The Ahmed body is a generic car body (a simplified vehicle model). The airflow around the Ahmed body captures the essential flow features around an automobile and was first defined and characterized in the experimental work of Ahmed [1]. Although it has a…

Phenomenon of Karman vortex street. In fluid dynamics, a Karman vortex street (or a von Karman vortex street) is a repeating pattern of swirling vortices, caused by a process known as vortex shedding, which is responsible for the unsteady separation of flow of a fluid around blunt bodies. A vortex street will form only…

Aim: To find the effectiveness of two Mixing Tees one short and other long for different momentum ratios. Introduction: Mixing Tees are a simple, cost effective method of providing chemical diffusion to a system. Mixing tees typically have been offered in both a wafer style. A mixing tee is a device…

The battery pack should consist of Cell: ANR26650M1-B . Data sheet of ANR26650M1-B .  Sinmulink Model: In this project we are connecting 10 table based cells in series and will see how the variation in temperature affects the cell performance. for this we need to monitor the variation of SOC of…

1.Simulate the 3 test cases from harness dashboard and write a detailed report on the results First of all download the project file from the link provided, it contains following files.     Go to tests>system>BMS_ClosedLoop_Harness_Dashboard. The BMS model consists of a BMS ECU (electrical control…

Project 1 Mechanical design of battery pack The battery pack should consist of Cell: ANR26650M1-B . Data sheet of ANR26650M1-B .   To construct an 18kwh battery packfor an EV application: Assumptions: Since EV motors require 400V source  So the voltage of the entire battery pack should be 400V.…

Aim: To develop a P1 hybrid model in simulink: Hybrid vehicles: Hybrid electric vehicles are powered by an internal combustion engine and one or more electric motors, which uses energy stored in batteries. A hybrid electric vehicle cannot be plugged in to charge the battery. Instead, the battery is charged through…

Battery: It is a device that stores electrical energy in the form of chemical energy and converts that energy into electricity. Batteries are of two types primary and secondary cells. Primary cell: These are single-use batteries. Secondary cell: these can be recharged once the charge depletes. Lithium-ion battery: …

Title: Development of a forward energy-based fuel consumption model for a conventional vehicle. Aim of project: 1] Build Simulink model using blocks and complete the vehicle model.2] Writting scripts in MATLAB to load all the variables required for running the Simulink model.3] Tabulate the fuel economy numbers (kmpl)…

Studying the given CVT model: Brake and throttle input is defined using thesignal builder block:   then we have generic engine block whose output is connected to the engine sensor block. the engine sensor block is defined as follows: CVT gear ratio is defined as follows: CVT block is defined as follows: then we have…

QUESTION-1: Implement control logic of a “washing machine” using Stateflow as per the given sequence:  If the power supply is available, the system gets activated  If the Water supply is not available, stop the process & indicate through LED Soaking time should be 200s followed by Washing time…

Challenge 1: Make a Simulink model of Doorbell using solenoid block with the following details: Blocks used: Battery, pulse generator, simulink to ps converter, switch, solenoid, ideal translational motion sensor, mechanical translational reference, electrical reference, solver configuration and scope. Connecting…

clear all close all clc % Display Representation of individual process. fprintf('Rankine cycle simulator') fprintf('\n1-2 is Isentropic Expansion in Turbine \n') fprintf('2-3 is Const Pressure heat rejection by the condenser\n') fprintf('3-4 is Isentropic compression in the pump\n') fprintf('4-1 is Const Pressure heat…

File Parsing: It is a technique where we can read the contents from a file as well as store the contents in a variable and use the data contained in the file in our program to perform various computations.  As a part of this challenge, we are supposed to calculate the specific heat, enthalpy, entropy, and molecular…

Aim: To optimize the stalagmite function and find the Global maxima. About Genetic Algorithm (GA). The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is an optimization technique used to solve both constrained and unconstrained problem that is based on natural selection.  It is based on the process that drives biological evolution.  GA…

Code Explanation: First define the basic parameters of the pendulum-like the length, mass, damping coeff etc. then we solve the governing equations using ode45 inbuilt matlab functions and the we plot the results obtained as time vs dispalcement and angular vel. to create the animation we hinge the pendulum at x=0 and…

Animation Link on Youtube is as follows:https://youtu.be/8oERVR5BSHo Errors generated while coding: Error-1: While plotting using line command i did not put comma in between the x-coordinate array and y-coordinate array, and this threw an error. Image of the same is attached as follows: Error-1 coding image & error-1…