clear allclose allclc% stiochiometric combustion for alkane,alkene,alkyne% ar = Stoichiometric co-efficient% n = Number of moles of Cn= [1:10};%alkane=CnH2n+2%alkene=CnH2n%alkyne=CnH2n-2% formula for arar_alkane=(3*n+1)/2ar_alkene=(3*n)/2ar_alkyne=(3*n-1)/2figure(1)plot(n,ar_alkane,'r')hold onplot(n,ar_alkene,'k')hold…

CHT Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) interaction of solid and fluid body. CHT analysis is mostly used to find heat transfer co-efficient at the non-uniform or were important study which cannot be the calculated analytically. It requires a multi-region mesh to have a clear definition of the interfaces in the computational…

Gas Tank command Used sketch surface sweep surface loft Mirror split line surface offset surface knit fillet thicken sweep cut Extrude cut   Procedure with reference to the midplane sketch picture path of the upper tank of sweep is created profile is created on the right plane sweep surface. on the top view draw profile…

#comment the plot is not very good but the result is right   Program for variable time step clear allclose allclcl=1n=80c=1dt1=1e-4dt2=1e-3dt3=1e-2dt4=1e-1t=0.4% calculationx=linspace(0,l,n)dx=x(2)-x(1)% initialization & B.C x-0.1 t0 0.3u=ones(1,n)n_start= 9 %0.1 x distance startn_stop= 25 %0.3 x distance endu(n_start:n_stop)=2uold=uui=u%time…

mathematical models Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) occurs when two fluids of different density are impulsively accelerated. Normally this is by the passage of a shockwave. The development of the instability begins with small amplitude perturbations which initially grow linearly with time. This is followed by…

Give condition Analysis of blockMesh in OpenFoam with 0.2,0.5,0.8, 1 gradient the give condition is divided into 6 block for fine gride spacing below represent the blocks and nodes Table represent node & repective co-ordinate system nodes Co-ordinates nodes Co-ordinates 0 (0 0 -0.5) 13 (0 0 0.5) 1 (80 0 -0.5) 14 (80…

CHASSIS command Used sketch projected curve sweep extrude, extrude cut fillet dome Procedure Add picture in the midplane sketch Picture with reference started design. Initially start the sweep profile. a guide is created from the bottom of the chassis profile with midplane and bottom plane diagram 3D curve by projected…

Analysis in Graphics card external flow analysis on a graphics card with source as processor & flow is laminar the base model with fluid volume Name selection Mesh case1 case2 refine mesh nearby graphics card region sphere of inflation method Inputs BC calculation code clear all; close all; clc; rho=1.225; p=(2*(65+40.505))/1000;…

Gate valve Gate valves are often used when minimum pressure loss and a free bore is needed. When fully open, a typical gate valve has no obstruction in the flow path resulting in a very low-pressure loss, and this design makes it possible to use a pipe-cleaning pig. A gate valve is a multiturn valve meaning that the operation…

The property change only y direction are change in consideration 1 Dimension flow note: all the property are non dimenstion form Given length of nozzle l=3 number of mesh n=31 &  61 for grid in depended analysis     To evaluate conservation & non conservation form by Macormack method, grind independed…

Central difference schemeFrom Taylor series Taking four point from the base LHS 2 point RHS side two point (d^2 u)/(dx^2 )=af(x-2)+bf(x-1)+cf(x)+df(x+1)+ef(x+2)Find the vale of a b c d e skewed RHSFor second point (i-2)f(x-2*dx)=f(x)-f^' (x) (2*dx)+f^'' (x) (4dx^2)/2!-f^''' (x) (8dx^3)/3!+f^iv (x) (16dx^4)/4! -f^v (x)…

given condition length (l)= 1m velocity at all node is 1m/s except from dx point 0.1 to 0.3 to 2m/s c=1 time step dt=0.01 time t=0.4 number of time step =t/dt for different nodes with above boundary condition are compared case 1   where n=20 clear allclose allclcl=1n1=20c=1dt=0.01 %time stept=0.4 %time % calculationx1=linspace(0,l,n1)dx1=x1(2)-x1(1)%…

Purpose for simulation Study Of flow physics on and around the car body in the prototype model. why to make fuel-efficient cars to the market by reducing pollution. the main parameres affect is the Drag force and is cost expense to calculate in the experiment so it is very easy to predict in simulation by lowering drag…

Transmission belt the sketch is created as per dimension on a plane front view. extrude command and fillet feature is used to create the part. For real-time part, the model is provided by appearance as rubber KickStand the sketch is created on different and guide curve is created for reference of a guide plane loft tool…

REAR WHEEL Rim revolve to create rim extrude and extrude cut are used to create spokes pattern are used to 3 spokes filet to finish Rim. The rotor is created by using extrude and extrude cut hole & pocket create a pattern to complete the rotor. extrude and fillet are used to create caliper, extrude and extrude cut…

Diffusion equation Considering the Finite Volume Method for 1D Diffusion Analysis From Malasekara For Example-4.1 Pg-88  Where Area A=10e-3 & K=1000 w/mk. Where the bar is discretized into 5 nodes From general conduction equation  `Q=-KA (dT)/dx` To find Temperature in-between nodes Considering From node…

Central difference scheme From Taylor series Taking four point from the base LHS 2 point RHS side two point (d^2 u)/(dx^2 )=af(x-2)+bf(x-1)+cf(x)+df(x+1)+ef(x+2) Find the vale of a b c d e skewed RHS For second point (i-2) f(x-2*dx)=f(x)-f^\' (x) (2*dx)+f^\'\' (x) (4dx^2)/2!-f^\'\'\' (x) (8dx^3)/3!+f^iv (x) (16dx^4)/4!…

close allclc% analytical function= sin(x)/x^3;% analytical derivative% f'(x)=(x^3*(cosx)-sin(x)*3*x^2/x^6;x=pi/3;analytical_derivative=((x^3)*(cos(x))-(sin(x)*3*(x^2)))/(x^6);% numerical derivative% forward_differencing=(f(x+dx)-f(x))/dx% central differencing = (f(x+dx) - f(x-dx))/2*dx;% fourth order approximation = (f(x-2*dx)-8f(x-dx)+8f(x+dx)-f(x+2*dx))/12*dx;dx=…

heat conduction equation (diffusion equation) `(∂T)/dt+α∇^2 T=0` `(∂T)/dt+α((∂^2 T)/(∂x^2 )+(∂^2 T)/(∂y^2 )+(∂^2 T)/(∂z^2 ))=0` BOUNDARY CONDITION Square plate with equal number of grids Length of domain l=1 Number of grid n=11 So length in x & y are same (l=lx=ly)…

Combustion Combustion is a chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat. The original substance is called the fuel, and the source of oxygen is called the oxidizer. During combustion, new chemical substances are created from the fuel and the oxidizer. These substances are called exhaust.…

  A = 1     2     3     4     5 Which define a matrix in (5 rows, 1 column) B = 1                      2                      3…

OIL TANK the sketch is created on top plane  & midplane extrude in a different part. combine features are used to get the intersecting region of the part. shell is used to create a hollow shape. filleted edges to complete it. CHAIN profile of chain is created in midplane (front plane), chain link is created by…

Matlab code i.e-wedge 45 clear all; close all; clc; % % Diameter of pipe in inch to meter % % P=3.14*d; % % A=(3.14/4)*(d^2); % % D=4*A/P=d; d=8.563/1000; %% which is simply ID of 1/8\" pipe r=d/2; theta=45; % wedge angle % % Arc length % % property of water at 30c al=2*3.14*r*(theta/360); rho=995.65; mu=0.798*10^-3; nu=mu/rho;…

velocity profile varies according to the spatial distance in the pipe shear stress variation is the spatial distance   Entry length of laminar flow is given by `L=0.05*Re*D_h` Hydraulic diameter is given by `D_h=4A/P` `A=π/4 D^2` `P=πD` By substituting A,P in `D_h` `D_h=D` `Re=vD/ϑ` Assuming Diameter=1/8”…

Cyclone Separator Cyclone Separator is a means of separating different liquid phases (different liquid densities), or, separating particles from a gas stream. Cyclone separators often form part of a pre-cleaning stage prior to a gas or liquid being discharged. This article focuses on gas cyclone separator. gas cyclone…

OBJECTIVE Design of yacht in Solidworks Acknowledgement Thank you learn solidworks.com Mr.J.W. Zuyderduyn for a design resource I would like to thank skill Lync, Mr Bharath Kumar, for entire 24/7 support in my design to make me to learn the concept very clearly and completed the Design Software Used to Design Solid Works…

kinematic viscosity The kinematic viscosity (also called "momentum diffusivity") is the ratio of the dynamic viscosity μ to the density of the fluid ρ. It is usually denoted by the (ν) and has unit m^2/s ν=μ/ρ Dynamic viscosityviscosity is a measure of internal resistance. Dynamic viscosity is the tangential…

OBJECTIVE learn how to design American chopper in Solidworks Acknowledgement Thank you learn solidworks.com Mr.J.W. Zuyderduyn for design content parameter & concept  I would like to thank skill Lync, Mr. Bharath Kumar, for entire 24/7 support in my design to make me learn the concept very clearly and completed…

Gearbox house assemble of gears the rotation of gears can be studied to find the sloshing effect of multiphase materials slosh slosh refers to the movement of liquid inside another object (which is, typically, also undergoing motion). Strictly speaking, the liquid must have a free surface to constitute a slosh dynamics…

  I am already completed this challenge just resubmitting the challenge again as directed by my technical support engineer Bharath Google Drive https://drive.google.com/file/d/1oY0GQZXrutoor_6AVGO3x93tFN4gZNpt/view?usp=sharing

Effectiveness comparison of Double pipe heat exchanger OBJECTIVE To Design Double pipe heat exchanger with & without turbulator. Numerical investigation of Heat exchanger Using Ansys. To find the temperature effect of Double pipe exchanger and compare the effect with turbulator in the tube at various Reynolds number.…

OBJECTIVE FINDING ADIABATIC FLAME TEMPERATURE IN COMBUSTION WITH VARIABLE CONDITION Constant Volume Process 2.Constant Pressure Process    CH4 with variable heat loss Di-carbon atoms alkanes, alkynes, and alkenes with 0.35 (35% heat loss) variable carbon atom in alkane   Introduction General combustion…

Aim To Find the Adiabatic Flame Temperature (AFT) at the stoichiometric condition using Cantera which is obtained as 2224 k study molar faction input in Cantera to get AFT Introduction General Form of stoichiometric condition `C_xH_y+a(o_2+3.76*N2)= x*co_2 +y/2*H2O+3.76*a*N2` mole base convection consider only at reactant…

 Aim To Find Adiabatic Temperature when reactant of air heated from range 298 to 600k with 41 number of divisions which was given by recuperator using the class method in Cantera Product exit 1700k temperature with preheater of air effect of combustion efficiency with LHV=50MJ/KG. Combustion Analysis of methane Using…

Aim To Derive compact Notation Derivation For below Reaction `CO+O2 to CO2+O` `O+H2O to OH+OH` `CO+OH to CO2+H` `H+O2 to OH +O` Solution Give Problem has 7 species & 4 Reaction mechanism Species j Species 1 CO 2 O2 3 CO2 4 O 5 H2O 6 OH 7 H Reaction `CO+O2 overset(kf1) (harr) underset(kr1) CO2+O` `O+H2O overset(kf2)…

Introduction what is ODE  ODE is an Ordinary Differential Equation is an equation that contains one or several derivatives of unknown Function such as time & space ( For example temperature variation T(x), T(t)). The equation may contain T itself as a known function of x or t. Term Ordinary distinguishes Partial…

Given Data `(dy_1)/dt=-0.04y_1+10^4y_2y_3` `(dy_2)/dt=0.04y_1-10^4y_2y_3-3*10^7y_2^2` `(dy_3)/dt=3*10^7*y_2^2` alpha=1 time(t)=10 min initial guess value y1=1 y2=0 y3=0 To Find Solve the problem using Implicit Euler Method/Backward Differencing suitable step size, reason for choosing that step size Solution solve y variable…

study Methane (CH4) of Ignition delay at the various condition for 10 seconds Given Data Part 1 Case 1a constant temperature T=1250 k variable pressure varies from P= 1 to 5 bar case 1b constant pressure P=5 bar variable Temperature varies from T=950 to 1450k Part 2 case2a constant Temperature T=500k constant Pressure…

Given Data Temperature=1500 Pressure=1atm  CH4 combustion To Find: combustion sensitivity analysis methane combustion 10 most sensitive reactions Temperature function of 10 reactions vs sensitivity   Solution: Theory Sensitivity Analysis the sensitivity analysis is a standard approach to investigate the influence…

Objective  To study simulation of channel flow with different mesh size Creat Geomentry x=0.01,y=0.01,z=0.01m set up  material  species N2,O2 Simulation Parameter Steady state Simulation time parameter  End time-15000 cycles Boundary Boundary Condition Region       inlet P=100001 O2=0.23…

Given Data back ward Facing in step geomentry Turbulent solving Steaty State Boundary Condition   Volume- Air inlet- 1101325 Pa  outlet-101325 Pa Turbulent-`STD k-epsi` SteatyState Simulation time Parameter End Time:15000 cycle Initial Time step:1e-6 min Time step:1e-6 max Time step:1 Max convection CFL limit:1…

AIM To Determin Steady State Simulation OF Elbow Using Converge INPUT BOUNDARY CONDITION   Predefine mixture-Air Simulation Parameter Solver: Steady-state Simulatio mode- Fully Hydrodynamic     Simulation Time Parameter End Time-15000 Cyc min-time step-1e-9 Max-time step-1 Max-Convection CFL-1 Solver Parameter…

AIM To Determin Transient Simulation OF Elbow with variable valve Position Using Converge INPUT BOUNDARY CONDITION   Predefine mixture-Air Simulation Parameter Solver: Steady-state Simulatio mode- Fully Hydrodynamic     Simulation Time Parameter End Time-0.01 S Init-time step-1e-09 s min-time step-1e-09…

Shock Wave strong pressure wave in an elastic medium such as air, water, or a solid substance, produced by supersonic aircraft, explosions, lightning, or other phenomena that create violent changes in pressure. The edge of the cone forms a supersonic wavefront with an unusually large amplitude called a "shock wave, Shock…

Introduction  Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) Conjugate Heat transfer (CHT) is when heat transfer occurs simultaneously within & between fluid and solid regions The predominant mode of Heat transfer in a fluid is convection  The predominant mode of Heat transfer in Solid is conduction Converge solves the fluid…

Introduction  Shock Tube Shock tubes are devices for studying the flow of high-temperature and high-velocity compressible gas. A high-temperature supersonic gas flow is initiated in a shock tube as a result of rupture of a diaphragm separating two gases in high-pressure and low-pressure chambers. The shock tube is…

AIM To determine the following term NS Equation with expression output for Reynold's Stress understanding of the terms Reynolds stress What is turbulent viscosity? How is it different from molecular viscosity? Turbulent In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is fluid motion characterized by…

Introduction the most widely produced internal combustion engines were of the Port Fuel Injected (PFI) design, where the fuel is sprayed into the intake ports to mix with incoming air. In fact, many new vehicles are still manufactured with this engine design. The fuel injectors in PFI configurations are typically mounted…

Introduction PFI engine mixing fuel with air in the carburetor before it entered the combustion chamber was still the main technology being used in gasoline vehicles PFI engines use a three-way catalytic converter, exhaust sensors, and computer-controlled engine management to constantly adjust the fuel-to-air ratio injected…

    Emission characteristic Analysis On Diesel Engine with open-w and Omega shape piston Introduction Diesel engines are more efficient than gasoline engines for two reasons: (i) higher cylinder pressure and corresponding higher temperatures lead to improved thermal efficiency for the diesel engine; (ii)…

PFI Engine the Compression ratio for the engine The compression ratio is defined as the ratio between the volume of the cylinder with the piston in the bottom position, `V_2` (largest volume), and in the top position, `V_1` (smallest volume). The higher this ratio, the greater will be the…

Robotic Arm To Study position movement of robotic  Given Data Length l1=1;l2=0.5; Angle changes from initial condition theta1=45;theta2=30; 1st node position x0=0;y0=0; 2nd & 3rd position is variable using trignomenty x1 = l1*cos(THETA1) y1 = l1*sin(THETA1) % link2 position x2 = x1+ l2*cos(THETA2) y2 = y1+ l2*sin(THETA2)…

Introduction Solving pendulum problems using ODE45 Given Data L=1 metre, m=1 kg, b=0.05. g=9.81 m/s2.   Solving `b/m*(d theta_ 1)/dt+g/l*sin(theta)+(d theta_ 2)/dt = 0` g = gravity in m/s2, L = length of the pendulum in m, m = mass of the ball in kg, b=damping coefficient. For solving splitting ODE as 1st order and…

Genetic Algorithm  A genetic algorithm is a search heuristic that is inspired by Charles Darwin’s theory of natural evolution. This algorithm reflects the process of natural selection where the fittest individuals are selected for reproduction in order to produce offspring of the next generation. This…

Introduction  Aim To evaluate thermodynamic properties such as specific heat (cp), enthalpy (h), and entropy (S) from the NASA file for different spices with higher to lower temperatures and plot the Temperature vs thermodynamic properties for different spices in different folders.   Specific heat (CP) specific…

AIM To simulate Rankine cycle with Turbine input and output condition using Matlab and steam Data function file Introduction The Rankine cycle is the fundamental operating cycle of all power plants where an operating fluid is continuously evaporated and condensed. The selection of operating fluid depends mainly on the…

Introduction  The air standard cycle is a thermodynamic power cycle that converts heat energy into mechanical power by considering air as a working fluid with constant specific heats (Cp & Cv). In this cycle, the air is the only working fluid that goes through changes in its thermodynamic properties to convert…

Analysis of simple Pendulum  AIM To solve simple pendulum and animate the output Equation ODE is split into many equation to solve ODE Equation `(d^2theta)/(dt^2)+(b/m)(d theta)/dt+g/L sintheta=0` slit the ODE to solve `(d theta)/dt=[(d theta_1)/dt,(d theta_2)/dt]` velocity (1st order ODE) `(d theta_1)/dt=theta_2`…

Introduction Curve fitting For root finding, we used a given function to identify where it crossed zero, capturing the data trend by assigning a single function across the entire range. mathematically General `f(x)=ax+b`  The goal is to identify the coefficients ‘a’ and ‘b’ such that f(x) ‘fits’ the data well polynomial…

Introduction data analysis Data Analysis is the technique to collect, transform, and organize data to make future predictions, and make informed data-driven decisions. It also helps to find possible solutions for a business problem. There are six steps for Data Analysis. They are: Ask or Specify Data Requirements…

Given Data To clean up the geometry and mesh with the below criteria Target length = 1mm, 3 mm and 5 mm  Element type = Tria To Build so slit the geometry into 3 cases to show the differentiation of mesh output Case1 Target length-5 mm  Quality criteria min length- 3mm max length - 7 mm   mesh length- 5…

AIM To mesh the Volumetric Mesh of the Turbocharger using ANSA  TO BUILD volumetric Mesh before it we need to mesh Surface mesh using the below Mesh Nomenclature  Blade stage-1 = 1 mm Blade stage-2 = 1 mm Impeller = 2 mm Shaft rotor = 1 mm Turbo casing = 5 mm Compressor casing = 5 mm Inlet casing cover = 5 mm COMMAND USED…

Aim To Mesh BMW car for CFD External flow analysis OBJECTIVE volumetric Mesh of external tunnel for analysis To PROCESS clean up 2D Mesh external tunnel Volume 3D Mesh   clean up Aim Clean up of BMW Car by deleting the symmetry portion except for Symbol which is not a symmetry model for ready for meshing  objective…

AIM To Create surface wrap for Engine, Transmission, Gearbox Objective Clean up the rings and unwanted surfaces and assemble to together to  generate surface wrap COMMAND USED visual command OR(/)- view only selected AND(+)- a visible nearby entity of PID NOT(-) - Hid parts !NOT(!-) -  only view selected or hide…

Aim To mesh volumetric mesh for Testla cyber Truck for CFD Analysis   COMMAND USED SURFACE CONNS Fill Holes Patch the hole with close loop single coon Faces cut or uncut cut the face from the point to edge or point, uncut the selected edge New    Conns     patch the single conns Point relative…

AIM To Design the transfer function of a spring mass damper system using PID Description Spring Mass Damper  Governing Equation   The free-body diagram for this system is shown below. The spring force is proportional to the displacement of the mass, and the viscous damping force is proportional…