2D Heat Conduction equation is a partial differential equation that explains how heat gets distributed over a while. Based on the time, the transfer of heat occurs may occur in two ways    Steady-state condition Transient State condition For any system to achieve a steady state, it has to first undergo an…

This project is about simulating flow in a C-D Nozzle using McCormack method for solving the conservative and non-conservative form of governing equations. To understand what is a conservative method and a non-conservative method, I strongly suggest the reader go through the works of JD Anderson or Malalashekara. Note…

Introduction In this project, we will simulate an incompressible-laminar-viscous flow through a backward-facing step geometry using OpenFoam. OpenFoam is an open-source CFD software developed using the C++ programming language. Terminology  Incompressible flow - A flow is said to be incompressible if the density at…

In this project, A laminar incompressible fluid flow through a cylindrical pipe is simulated using OpenFoam and is validated using Analytical results obtained from MATLAB. Hagen-Poiseullie's law The Laminar incompressible flow is governed by Hagen-Poiseullie's law. It gives the pressure drop in a Laminar incompressible…

AIM To perform and analyze study state simulations of Tee joints in pipes, for various cases of pipe lengths and Momentum ratios and verify the results with Analytical values. Hot inlet velocity = 3m/sHot inlet Temperature = 36 degreesCold inlet Temperature = 19 degrees Case 1: Shorter Tee 1.1- Momentum Ratio = 2 1.2-…

In this project, A laminar incompressible fluid flow through a cylindrical pipe is simulated using symmetry and wedge boundary conditions in OpenFoam and the results are validated with Analytical results obtained from MATLAB. Hagen-Poiseullie's law Hagen-Poiseullie's law governs the Laminar incompressible flow. It gives…

Abstract The Covid19/Wuhan virus knocked out the feet of everyone in 2019. Mankind has suffered a lot, and the global economies were down. But, like always, together we have managed to overcome the situation. Rapid vaccinations brought a sense of relief to people. During the pandemic, many numbers/variables were recorded…

Ever wondered why the coffee falls on the ground or sticks to the cup while you are pouring it from one cup to another. Yes, we have all been there, and there is a name to our little, yet annoying problem. It is called the Coanda effect. It is the reason why an aircraft flies.     Coanda effect The Coanda effect…

Introduction The Ahmed body is a very generic and simplified model of a car. It was first developed by Ahmed and hence the name Ahmed body. A lot of work has been done on the Ahmed body, both computationally and experimentally. A wide variety and range of data for the Ahmed body are present in the form of literature. For…

Heat transfer in solids is dominated by conduction and in liquids, it is mostly convection including a negligible amount of heat generation from viscous effects and density dependence on velocity and temperature. Usually, the fluid is the energy/heat carrier. Forced convection is a very common way utilized across various…

Introduction A stratified fluid is a fluid with density variations from one point to other. There are two kinds of stratified fluids. The first kind is where the density change is abrupt, where the graph between altitude and density looks like a downward step. An example of such a case is the interface between the flow…

Intro/Theory Ever wondered why a game works smoother in your friend’s PC and structs on yours? I know how it feels, been there myself. It is because of the systems specs. Some of the important once being storage device type (SSD/HDD), number of cores, RAM, GPU etc. For gamers, the most important spec is the GPU i.e.,…

As a child, whenever I washed my hands, I was curious how the tap worked. How is the flow controlled by just rotating the hand wheel? In this project we are going to see how these taps work and what is the impact of rotation of the handle. A typical old modelled gate valve tap (I lived in a pretty old house) would look…

In this project, combustion of Methane will be simulated in a simple combustion chamber using Ansys Fluent. Introduction Combustion in my opinion is one of the most important process in the development of human-kind. Tons of our daily life operations and consumables won’t be available, if combustion wasn’t…

In previous projects, we have done volumetric meshing and analysis of flows. But what about the solid in which the fluid is meshing. It requires meshing too. Aim Surface Meshing of a Pressure valve using Ansa. Procedure  Import the geometry file into Ansa. Geometry Clean upPerform checks and remove single cons by…

Aim - To surface mesh a BMW car model for wind-tunnel analysis. Tool used - ANSA Procedure -  1. Use fine option over the entire region to smoothen the curves. This tool basically uses a length criteria to smoothen the surfaces. 2. Clear the single Cons Make necessary changes to the geometry to clear single cons.…

Aim - Surface and volumetric meshing of a turbocharger using Ansa. Procedure -  1. Import the geometry  2. Clean up the geometry Remove Single cons, either delete them or convert them to double cons/triple cons by closing the surfaces. Close all the open surfaces, even inlets and outlets. 3. Assign PID's Assign…

Objective - Surface wrapping on an Automative assembly. In this project, we are going to do geometry clean-up and then assemble all the components and do a surface wrap of the assembly. Procedure 1. Geometry clean-up 2. Geometry simplification 3. Geometry assembly 4. Surface wrap       Here is a link to…

Objective - To perform geometrical clean-up, and surface mesh a cyber truck. Tool - ANSA Procedure- 1. Import the geometry. 2. Geometry clean-up 3. Geometry simplification and PID Assignment 4. Removing cons close to each other and finding target length 5. Surface Meshing pid target length minimum maximum rear lights 15…

Aim - Simulation of flow through a C-D Nozzle. Tool used - Ansys Fluent Procedure  1. Geometry creation Inlet, throat and outlet radius are known. A three point arc passing through these points would give us a smooth curve, which will act as the wall of the C-D Nozzle. 2. Mesh generation and providing named selections…

To start with, a flowing fluid has three basic kinds of pressure. To understand this, lets take an example. Assume a hollow cuboidal object placed in a wind tunnel. When the tunnel is operated, the air atains some velocity. The pressure excerted by the air because of its velocity is called dynamic pressure. Dynamic pressure…

Turbluence is the one of the biggest mystery known to human kind. Because of its randomness, it is part one of those unsolvable million dollar phenomenon club. Luckily, even this randomness is not completely random, it does have some patterns. These patterns are none other than eddies.  Trubluence models have been…

In today’s topic, we will discuss about moving zones. Before discussing this phenomenon, one must first understand why do we need it. All the models and setups discussed earlier had stationary objects under study. Hence, the mesh around it was also stationary. But, not every study/case has stationary objects. In…

In today’s topic, we will discuss about moving zones. Before discussing this phenomenon, one must first understand why do we need it. All the models and setups discussed earlier had stationary objects under study. Hence, the mesh around it was also stationary. But, not every study/case has stationary objects. In…

Introduction The Ahmed body is a very generic and simplified model of a car. It was first developed by Ahmed and hence the name Ahmed body. A lot of work has been done on the Ahmed body, both computationally and experimentally. A wide variety and range of data for the Ahmed body are present in the form of literature. For…

SCRAM JET A great man once said, “The Faster, the better”. I don’t know who quoted this, but, if no one did it yet, I should probably copyright this line. SCRAM Jet’s were invented to do this exactly, i.e, move faster. SCRAM jets stand for Supersonic Combustion RAM jet’s. Both SCRAM and RAM…

In this article/project, an airfoil's performance will be evaluated at various angle of attacks in both subsonic and supersonic range.   Selection of Airfoil Ansys Simulation Model Extract the coordinates of the airfoil from Airfoiltools.com and then import these into SpaceClaim Create a wind tunnel around it. Mesh…

The AIM and Code is explained in the Coding window. Introduction Adiabatic Flame Temperature Adiabatic flame temperature is the maximum temperature that can be obtained by heating a fuel. Since it is adiabatic, there is no Heat loss.  Adiabatic Flame Temperature can serve as an indicator for comparision of different…

  Question 1. Use the "moles" method/function, calculate the number of moles of the object A and explain how it is calculated analytically. You need to use this after line number 9 by using the predefined function ‘A.moles’ Hint : For the analytical part you need to calculate the number of moles in…

Combustion In layman's terms, combustion is the burning of any substance in presence of air (more specifically, an oxidizer). All modern-day engines use combustion. When combusted, the products formed are at high temperatures and have high velocity. These exhaust gases are used to rotate turbine blades/shafts to generate…

In this article/project, we will write a python script for solving a set of non-linear coupled Ordinary Differential Equations. Consider the below set of equations. Properties of the above equations Non-linear - There are terms of second order. ODE - Differentials are Ordinary and not partial or substantial. Coupled -…

  Can we burn something without fire?  Yes. The essential components required for burning something are Fuel, an oxidizer, and a Heat source. Fire is one of a kind of heat source, but not the only one. Thus, we can burn stuff without fire.  In fact, one of the most common auto-mobile engines called the Diesel…

Intro Chemical reactions such as CH4 + 2O2 + 7.52 N2- > CO2 + 2H2O + 7.52N2 are not a single reaction mechanism. Instead, the reactants have to go through many intermediary reactions for the products to form. For the reaction equation shown above, i.e; the combustion of Methane, there are almost 300+ intermediatory…