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Abutment wall 1m wide 5m long with 1m deep raft created Foundation support created and assigned Node for back fill height and GL inserted Linerly varrying earth pressure created opposit of back fill side and assigned to beam up to GL level Earth pressure back fill side created and assigned to beam up to back fill heigt…

The bridge structure are subjected to wind loads if they are located in open terrain or near coastal zone or over a river Where there will be seasonal monsoon winds and cyclons. Wind loads are calculated as per IS 875 Part III 2015  IS 875 part III 2015 provides the basic wind speed map of India. There…

Utility loads are also important load for bridges. Bridge carries many utilities besides traffic, like electric lamp post, Sign boards, Pipes carrying gas or water etc. Thus, utility load should also be considered with vehicular load. Utility loads are point load. Here a bridge of 24m span over Narmada river carries two…

Metro rail projects are necessary for metro cities. Its a only way to cope up with traffic jam and fastest comunication. Here is a part of Ahmadabad metro rail project. Architectural drawings of Kankariya East station has been drawn. Before detailed drawing design is must for safety purpose. Data for design should be collected…

Bridge structures are likely to be in river, canal or stream where it have to face water current load. While designing bridge, we can't ignore this important load and it's consequences (Bending moment, shear force etc). In this job the pier is in water and flood level is 2m above foundation level. Mean velocity of the…

When a bridge is curved align, vehicle passing through it have to face outward pushhing force. This force acts or exerts loads on the structural element of the bridge. This particular force is known as centrifugal force. In this problem a 70R tracked vehicle with a designed speed of 75km/hour is moving. Bridge curvature…

When a bridge is located in snowy region, besides carrying traffic, it have to tackle snow loads. So alongwith vehicular loads and other loads, snow loads is also being considered for design purpose. The bridge shown in this challange is facing load of 1250mm setteled snow. Shape is flat ( Bita < 30 degree ) Bridge…

Waves also distress bridge sub structure and superstructure. Outer forces typically disturbs water, causes forming of wave. Earthquake, Wind and other substance present in water unstable water surfaces. Waves have great power. Wave acts in two direction, causing two types of load, one is uplifting and other is dragging.…

Tempreture load The tempreture difference in bridge level offers restraint for expansion or contraction to bridge. Thus load produced due to restraint is known as tempreture load. Challange Here a RC bridge to be constructed in Delhi. As per IRC 6 2017 Maximum tempreture is 47.8 and minimum is - 0.4 degree C in Delhi C.H.O.…

Barge impact Load: Barge are moving in sea, an accident with bridges nearby is unavoidable. The impact of strike on bridge superstructure and substructure is severe. The weight of Barge and its speed gives impact load. Barge impact loads can't be ignored likely in sea shore. Obviously the aim is to assess the extent…

Certainly the bridge will be constructed in sea shore where it has to face water current force, wave force and Barge impact load. Also the bridge alignment is in curve, so centrifugal force is inevitable. The project region is snowy and tempreture difference is greater than 20. Aim is to design a safe bridge considering…

Foundation is the component of bridge which accepts the external or internal forces / loads coming through substructure and superstructure and spreads the forces /loads uniformly to the earth. It also guarantees stability of whole structure as well as self protection from scour.  So bridge designer’s prime aim is to design…

The structure upon which the ends of a bridge rest is referred to as an abutment. It transfers loads of superstructure and itself to ground. Abutment also retains lateral earth pressure. Overturning, sliding and settlement cause failure of abutment, and further stability of bridge. In shallow foundation it occupies sufficient…

 Hydrology and Geo technical studies gives data to design a safe bridge structure. The aim is to figure out no of span and length of span by evaluating linear waterway from discharge, velocity, different sections of river, catchment area and soil property. To decide foundation depth of abutment, pier and its protection…

Aim and intriduction -  Foundation is the component of bridge which accepts the external or internal forces / loads coming through substructure and superstructure and spreads the forces / loads uniformly to the earth. It also guarantees stability of whole structure as well as self protection from scour. So…

Aim - Bridge pier is a type of structure that extend to the ground below or into the water. It is used to support bridge superstructure and transfer the loads to the foundation. The bridge piers should be constructed to be substantially attractive and strong in order to withstand both vertical and horizontal loads. It…

Aim and introduction – Ultimate aim is to construct a feasible, sustainable, cost-effective underpass by analyzing and designing raft foundation considering different loads, such as dead load (self weight), superimposed dead load, earth pressure, live load surcharge, breaking load, temperature and live load etc.…

Aim and introduction – Ultimate aim is to construct a feasible, sustainable, cost-effective underpass by analyzing and designing raft foundation considering different loads, such as dead load (self weight), superimposed dead load, earth pressure, live load surcharge, breaking load, temperature and live load etc.…

Aim is to fix a foundation which can reinforce the soil, and also carry the applied load down to deeper, stronger soil strata. Introduction - As with other types of foundations, the purpose of pile foundations is: to transmit a foundation load to a solid ground to resist vertical, lateral and uplift load Pile foundations…

Aim - For to design a safe capable foundation of bridge it is verry necessary to know the loads on group of pile. And in this challange we have to calculate loads as per IRC 6 for given bridge drawing.  A pile bridge foundation is a structure that uses long poles (referred to as piles), which are made of wood,…

Aim – Aim is to assess feasibility of proposed bridge in a river with known water velocity, discharge, HFL (Highest flood level), FRL (Finished road level) and linear waterway. Aim is to fix economic suitable span arrangement. Aim is to choose type of foundation and design with known pile capacity (1.2m dia 250tonne…

Aim - Ultimate aim is to construct feasible strong durable bridge. Foundation has vital role as it carries all the loads and transfers to earth. Well foundation is the last choice, for critical situation. So it is necessary to go through all the checks as per IRC. Cater all the load combination of ultimate limit…

Ultimate aim is to create a safe sound strong sustainable bridge. In this challenge superstructure has been planned and fixed of 28m span (bearing to bearing). Substructure has two options, one is abutment having earth fill and another is having RE wall. Aim is to design Pile whose vertical capacity and horizontal capacity…

Aim – Foundation is the main support of any structure, which transmits loads to earth. In case of bridge the structure faces many challenges and finally it goes to earth through its foundation. So foundation is the important part of a bridge and it should be designed properly. Well foundation is for most critical…

Aim – Foundation is the main support of any structure, which transmits loads to earth. In case of bridge the structure faces many challenges and finally it goes to earth through its foundation. So foundation is the important part of a bridge and it should be designed properly. Pile foundation is very common foundation…

Geometry Property Material Supports Loading Loading Error free analysis Reactions Displacements Support changed to fix Analysis without  error Reactions Displacements Third load assigned Analysis with 0 error Reactions Displacement Support changed Loading Post processing Reaction Displacements Property changed 3D…

Ans 1. With the improvement of the country's economy and the expansion of working population, metro rails offer a safe mode for urban transit. Growing urbanisation, demand for faster and interconnected travel are the drivers of a progressive economy. The metro rail encourages the walkable developmental pattern,…

Ans 1 Components of Bridge The various parts and components of a bridge are as follows: Deck Superstructure Substructure Foundation Girder or beam Bridge tower Pier Pier cap Bearings Piles Pile cap Bridge anchor Suspension cable Let us learn each component of a bridge in detail below. 1. Deck Deck is the portion that carries…

Ans 1 Sectional properties we need to upfront for designing a metro viaduct are: Area of section Area of strand Perimeter of section Material properties Moment of inertia Centroid Tortional constant Support conditions Supporting software for identifying the sectional properties and designing them are: AUTO CAD STAAD PRO…

What is a pre stressed I girder? Why should a designer choose I girders when we are having double deck bridges and substantiate your answer with structural clearances? Ans:- A pre stressed I girder is a type of structural member commonly used in bridge construction. It consists of steel or concrete beam in the…

Q.1 Explain the procedure of transverse analysis of deck slab of a metro viaduct. Ans. Line model for 1m width 240mm depth is being created in STAAD PRO. Then different loads are applied. Load combination are made. Analysis is performed. Q.2 Explain the STAAD steps how the nodes & beams are created, and supports being assigned…

1. What are elastomeric bearings? And what is made of and the uses of them. Ans:- Elastomeric bearings, also known as rubber bearings or elastomeric isolators, are structural components used to provide flexibility, vibration isolation, and load-bearing capability in various types of infrastructure. These bearings are commonly…

Q. 1 Mention the need for a metro rail in a developing economy.  Ans:- A metro rail system can play a crucial role in the development of an economy, particularly in a developing country. Here are several key reasons why a metro rail system is often needed in such an economy: Efficient and Reliable Transportation: A metro…

Q. 1. What are Pier caps and explain the operations of launching of pier caps Ans a - Pier caps are structural components used in civil engineering and construction projects, particularly in the construction of bridges and elevated structures like piers and columns. As its name gives an idea about cap which protects head,…

  Question 1 What are piers and explain about. Explain loads considered for calculating the total design force?   Ans - Specific types of piers and details are more cost effective or necessary due to aspects of the particular bridge grade and location. In general, it is beneficial to keep cap size, column size and pile…

Question 1 Explain the dead load calculations of a pier cap and a circular pier? Provide the values in KN/m. Inputs: Length=30m Volume of Pier cap=35 m3 Diameter of the pier = 2m Concrete density = 25KN/m3 Ans - Dead load is the weight of the structure and any permanent components, such as the pier cap and circular pier.…

  <!-- [if !supportLists]-->1.    Question 1. Explain how the pile caps should be designed considering the tilt and shift conditions and mention advantages of the same?   Pile caps are structural elements that distribute loads from columns or other vertical members to a group of piles or foundation elements. When…

1. Briefly describe about soil structure interaction in a pile foundation? Answer: Soil-structure interaction (SSI) refers to the complex interaction between the foundation of a structure (such as a pile foundation) and the soil on which it is built. In pile foundation design, SSI is an important consideration, as it can…

Question 1. Describe the DL & SIDL considerations for an open foundation. Ans. Designing a solid foundation for any structure, whether it's a building, bridge, or viaduct, requires careful consideration of Dead Load (DL) and Superimposed Dead Load (SIDL) factors. An open foundation refers to foundations that are not enclosed…

  Que (1):- Prepare a model of 3 x 25m prestressed I-girder superstructure for metro viaduct in STAAD by creating the nodes, beams, and supports along with necessary loads.  Answer < alt> Geometry Support Material Property SIDL Plinth SIDL Third Rail Load SIDL MOMENT Question  Extract Reactions for DL, SIDL & LL from Staad…

Question 1.1Write the steps involved to upload a .std file through web mail? Ans - Select STAAD Import from the backstage. The Import from STAAD.Pro dialog opens. Click [...] in General settings to browse and select a STAAD.Pro (*.std) file to import. Select Use Mapping File in Section…

Question 1.1 How will you assign Circular section to column? Ans Take a beam as column Go to Property Click Define Select Circle Input dia Add>Close Select column > assign to selected beam Circular section will be assigned to column  Question 1.2. How will you assign Unit system to a .std model file? While…

Question 1. 1. State the primary load cases to be considered for design. Ans. 1. Dead Load 2. Live Load/Imposed Load 3. Wind Load 4. Earthquake Load Question 1.2 What is One – Way slab? Ans. The ratio of the longer span to the shorter span is greater than 2 is known as one way slab. or Lx/Ly is greater than 2 Question…

Question 1. Design a multi-storey Residential Building located in Bangalore using STAAD Pro Connect Edition. The specification must be as follows: Prepare a Design Basis Report for the project                                     …