Solving fourth-order approximation of the second derivative:   Central Difference   Terms f(i) `triangle`xf'(x) `triangle`xf''(x) `triangle`xf'''(x) `triangle`xf''''(x) `triangle`xf'''''(x) `triangle`xf''''''(x) a*f*(i-2) a -2*a 4*a/2 -8*a/6 16*a/24 -32*a/120 64*a/720 b*f*(i-1) b -b b/2 -b/6 b/24 -b/120…

In this assignment, I am going to present the Steady and Unsteady 2D heat conduction problem. For every heat conduction problem, there are certain initial and boundary conditions. The following are the conditions for the above problem. The Top Temperature is 600K The Bottom Temperature is 900K The Left Temperature is 400K…

What is The Finite Volume Method: The FVM is a discretization method for the approximation of a single or a system of partial differential equations expressing the conservation, or balance, of one or more quantities.These PDEs are used as models in a wide number of fields and they are indifferent natures such as parabolic,…

Numerical Solutions of Quasi- One-Dimensional Nozzle Flows Through a Convergent-Divergent Nozzle. Initially, every numerical solution of the flow will use any particular CFD solution. In the intermediate steps after selecting a specific solution for the numerical equation of the flow problem. The integral form of the equations…

BLOCKMESH DRILL DOWN CHALLENGE: In this challenge, I am going to simulate the flow through the backward-facing step by using the blocks in icoFoam solver and postprocessing the results of the velocity profile at 0.085m from the starting point of the blocks. There are 10 blocks in total and these are constructed using nodal…

SIMULATION OF FOW THROUGH A PIPE IN OpenFOAM: AIM: To simulate the laminar flow through a circular pipe in OpenFOAM. In this project, we simulate a small portion of cylinder i.e wedge which is less than or equal to 5 degrees. For executing the wedge angle and or the geometrical aspect I have developed a code in Matlab…

Hagen Poisuelle's: Hagen Poisselle's law states that in nonideal fluid dynamics, The fluid is incompressible and Newtonian fluid in a laminar flow flowing through a cylindrical pipe gives a pressure difference. The fluid flow has the following characteristics as Density, Viscosity, pressure, Length of the pipe, and…

MIXING EFFICIENCY In this challenge, we are analyzing flow through a T shaped pipe. Where the temperature through the Inlet at x-direction is greater than the temperature at the inlet y-direction. In the next step, we change the inlet velocity. The hot inlet velocity is 3 m/s which is standard and the cold inlet(Y-direction)…

Karman vortex street: In fluid dynamics, a particular Karman Vortex Street is a representation of a pattern of swirling vortices, caused by a process known as vortex shedding. And this swirling is responsible for the unsteady separation of the flow of fluid behind the cylinder(In our challenge).     Simulation…

1) Ahmed body and its importance. Ans) Ahmed body is a simplified form of a vehicle which represents the basic geometry of a car and satisfy the aerodynamic properties. Although it has a very simple shape, Ahmed body allows us to capture characteristic features that are relevant to bodies in the automobile industry.…

Aim: The main aim of this challenge is to observe the behavior of the coefficient of heat transfer through the outlet valve using the wall heat transfer coefficient in CFX post-processing.      Introduction:  In this challenge, we have taken an exhaust port that represents a 4 cylinder engine with…

AIM: To perform conjugate heat transfer analysis on a graphic card.   INTRODUCTION: In this challenge, I have conducted a few tests on the given model by changing the mesh size and changing the inlet fluid flow direction. The fluid properties are air and the temperature of the air is 300k.   THEORY: Initially, I have used…

Aim: To present the Rayleigh Taylor Instability by performing the exchange of fluids through two different surfaces.   Introduction: In this analysis, we will be drawing two surfaces. Placing them one upon the other as shown in the below picture. Here we will be changing the mesh size and create a UserSpecified material…

AIM: To perform a CFD analysis of a fluid flowing through a gate valve. INTRODUCTION: In this analysis, I have conducted a parametric study on the height of the gate. Initially, I have opened/lifted it to 10mm. In the next steps, the opening of the gate is set from 10% to 80%. With this opening height, I have found the…

AIM: To perform simulation of a cyclone separator by changing the size and velocity of the particles.   INTRODUCTION: The cyclone separator is used to separate waste material or for product recovery. This is very simple in geometry, economic in power, and flexibility. I am using a standard model for…

AIM: To perform multiple combustion simulation on a combustor model by introducing water with fuel.   INTRODUCTION:  In this simulation, I am using the below mentioned geometry. The simulation will be in 2D.       Fuel Inlet.   MESHING: Mesh size is 5mm. The meshing method is triangular. Enable the capture proximity.  …

AIM: The main objective of this challenge is to simulate a steady-state fluid flow through an elbow-shaped pipe with a throttle valve inside it.   INTRODUCTION: The simulation was performed on a given geometry. There are a few modifications to be done to the model. Firstly, removing the thickness. Lastly, closing the open…

AIM: The main objective of this challenge is to simulate a transient flow through an elbow-shaped pipe with a throttle valve inside it.   INTRODUCTION: The simulation was performed on a given geometry. There are a few modifications to be done to the model. Firstly, removing the thickness. Lastly, closing the open…

Aim: The main objective of this analysis is to perform shock tube simulation using the transient solver method and animate the pressure and temperature changes inside the tube.   Introduction: The shock tubes are generally utilized to study chemical kinetics. The geometry consists of a long square tube where both…

Aim: To perform no-hydro simulation of an Internal Combustion Engine of Port Fuel Injection type model. Introduction: In this project, I have used geometry provided by the institution.  Firstly, begin the case setup using crank angle-based IC_Engine (Converge V3.0), Secondly, flag the boundaries. In this case, as were…

AIM: To perform a Full-Hydro simulation of an Internal Combustion Engine of Port Fuel Injection type model. INTRODUCTION: In this project, I will explain the setting required to perform the Full-hydro simulation.  In the previous paper, I have focused on setting up the No-Hydro simulation and generating the inlet…

AIM: To simulate, analyze, and compare the significances of both omega and open w pistons. INTRODUCTION: In this project, I will demonstrate the diesel engine simulation and the characteristic difference between open w type piston and omega type piston.  The simulation will be a close sector analysis with a 60-degree angle…

AIM: To demonstrate an expression for Reynolds stress by applying Reynolds decomposition to the Navier Stokes equation. INTRODUCTION: In this project, I will demonstrate a detailed explanation of substituting Reynolds decomposition equations in the Navier Stokes equation.  THEORY:  Navier Stokes Equation:  The…

Q1. What is the Compression ratio for the engine? ANS: The compression ratio is defined as the ratio of the volume of the cylinder and its headspace (Including the pre-combustion chamber, if present) when the piston is at the bottom of its stroke to the volume of the headspace when the piston is at the top of its travel("Top…

Aim: The aim of this project is to simulate the conjugate heat transfer in a pipe. Introduction: In this simulation, the air is passed through an aluminum pipe, which is receiving a constant heat flux of 10,000 W/m^2 at the outside wall. The object is to understand the phenomena and run the grid dependence test and…

  AIM: To simulate a supersonic flow through a duct having a sharp corner to observe the formation of shock waves. INTRODUCTION: In this simulation air with a velocity of 680 meters per second enters the duct. As soon as the air contacts the sharp corner the velocity increases and also the Mach Number increases…

Creating your own OpenFOAM solverDevelopment of this case setup is for a scalar transport simulation in a lid-driven cavity flow using your custom solver "myScalarFoam". The simulation is set up as a quasi-2D case (one cell thick in the z-direction) with a moving top wall. A scalar quantity is initialized with a "hot…