2) THERMISTOR MODEL -  Thermistor means a resistor whose resistance value depends upon the temperature . In model , the input is given through Repeating sequence stair which is connected to temperature controlled source which is further connected to thermal resistor which is known as thermistor . Thermal resistor…

1) Washing Machine  - A constant is used to give power supply . - A chart is created containig control logic of washing machine . The control logic are as follows, 1) Water supply check , if water is available then start processing for washing or if water is not available then no       process…

1) Observations are as follows - - Opening the ADVISOR tool window and changing the load file to EV_default_in file we get input window        which is shown below , with default parameters .   - Here cargo weight has been mentioned 136 kg by default . Cargo weight is the actual weight of the items …

1a) DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MAPPED ENGINE AND DYNAMIC MODEL OF ENGINE - - MAPPED ENGINE :  - MAPPED engine model are known as Static models .  - These models runs the simulation based on data saved on lookup tables  - The simulation is faster .  - It is used if we have data from dynamometer or design tool…

1) Types of Converter Circuits Used in Vehicles - a) AC to DC Converter      AC to DC converter also know as Rectifier which converts AC coming from source to DC . Example of this      type of converter are Mobile phone chargers , laptop chargers etc . This type of converter circuit…

1A) Speed Control of DC Motor -  - This model consists of the following blocks ,  DC motor  Pulse Generator  Armature Voltage control  IGBT Transistor  Diodes - This model mainly gives the output of armature current , load torque , speed and also currents of IGBT and    diode…

1) The braking energy is calculated as ,     E = 1/2 * m* v^2 .  where v = vi-vf vi = initial speed at which the vehicle is running . vf = speed at which the vehicle slows down after braking .  For the defined driving cycle ,  Time (sec) Speed (kmph) 0 0 1 3 2 6 3 9 4 12 5 15 6 18 7 25…

                                                                                           …

                                                                                           …

1) Types of Lithiums-ion batteries are -  -   Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) -   Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO) -   Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) -   Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) -   Lithium Titanium Oxide (LTO) -   Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium…

1) To Simulate the 3 test cases :  Model of BMS Closed Loop Harness Dashboard -      The above model shows the dashboard of a vehicle . This model is designed to indicate the status of the battery in three situations ,  - Balancing  - Charging  - Driving  There are LEDs which indicate…

Nanophosphate High Power LithiumIon Cell ANR26650M1-B :  Nanophosphate lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery technology delivers high power and energy density combined with excellent safety performance and extensive life cycling in a lighter weight , more compact package . Our cells have low capacity loss and impedance…

The following figure shows the simulink model of 10 cell series lithium-ion battery using AC Current source providing cyclic charge/discharge profile . This is the base model in which we need some modifications .     The blocks which are already there and the blocks we are going to implement in the above model…

Traffic Jam Assistant : Traffic Jam Assistant is one of the most common feature in Advanced Driver Assistance System . Traffic Jam Assistant helps the driver arrive more relaxed at their destination , even in dense traffic or in traffic jams . As a partially automated comfort function, the system takes over the longitudinal…

Highway Assistant – Lane Changing Assistant Introduction to the Feature : The Highway Assistant supports the driver and takes over the longitudinal and lateral guidance of the vehicle in monotonous driving situations on highways. The partially automated function can automatically start, accelerate, brake as well…

For the given project considering Mahindra Trea E-rickshaw as shown below ,    Specifications :   Basic Design of E-rickshaw -     Procedure for creating matlab model : 1) Vehicle Body :  Parameters -  a) Tire (Magic Formula)        b) Vehicle Body     …

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are vehicles that are powered by electrical energy . The main components of an EV are a motor/generator, motor controller, power converters, wheels, and batteries . The electric motor is used to provide the power required for the wheels to move and provide traction . The motor controller and power…

Vehicle Direction Determination Requirement 1   Requirement 2    Vehicle_Direction_Detection Subsystem Final Model   Data Dictionary     Model Setting     Result Finally we have created simulink data dictionary and model for Vehicle Direction Detection.      …

Adaptive Cruise Control Developing Adaptive Cruise Control feature as per the Requirement Document using MATLAB Simulink. 1) Requirement 1 (Lead Vehicle)   2) Requirement 2 (Drive Vehicle)   3) Requirement 3 (Adaptive Cruise Control Algorithm)   Final Model   SLDD File   Model Setting   Result …

Model Powertrain   Vehicle Dynamics     Engine     Parameters a) Fuel consumption   b) Maximum Torque Curve   c) Minimum Torque Curve   d) Drive Cycle   Result 1) After give UDDS drive cycle as input we get the following result.    Engine    Engine Fuel rate…

1) Types of Fuel Cells and their specifications     2) Comparison between battery types like lithium ion, lead acid, Nickel Cadmium, Ultracapacitor, fuel cell   The above figure shows the comparison of energy densities of batteries. We see that, - The Ultracapacitor has very high power density but very…

1) " Consider a scenario where an aggressive driver is accelerating very rapidly and braking harshly in a city driving. Is battery better a choice to supply power than UC in this scenario ". According to above statement it requires very high power to meet his conditions. By operating battery at this condition increases…

Model   In this model we have to re-design the Controller part and the Powertrain Part.   1) Controller   In this we have created Mode Selection and re-designed Engine Controller unit and Transmission Control unit. Engine Control Unit     Idle Speed Controller   Transmission Control Unit …

Model     Working of model As soon as IGNITION Switch is turned ON, the initial state is active and allows the transition to be happen inside chart. The other input i.e power demand profile has a following nature,   According to the power demand profile the transition between states will take place. Power…

Aim : To create the vehicle model with vehicle parameters loaded in the model. Model   Driver Subsystem   Vehicle Body   Forces   Now considering vehicle parameters from the following figure, and loading it in workspace.   We have considered HWFET drive cycle as desired speed.   Simulating…

Model   Implementing equations , Current The equation for current is given as,     Open Circuit Voltage   State of charge   Charge   Voltage   Power Demand We have considered UDDS drive cycle as power demand.     Result   Observation 1) UC_Current follows the power demand…

Model Input of the model is Power demand(KW),which can be provided by the power train of the vehicle as load power demand to move vehicle. The output of the model is the power request to fuel cell,ultracapacitor and battery to get power drain and charge during regeneration.   Energy Management Strategy   Positive…

1) Buck_Converter_CCM  Design Calculations Now modelling according to the values calculated above.   Pulse Generator   Result: Diode Current and Voltage   Mosfet Current and Voltage   Output Voltage and current   Output Power From the above results it is clear that model is working properly…