Project-1: Modelling an electric Car with Li-ion battery

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are vehicles that are powered by electrical energy . The main components of an EV are a motor/generator, motor controller, power converters, wheels, and batteries . The electric motor is used to provide the power required for the wheels to move and provide traction . The motor controller and power converters work together to control the amount of power that is delivered to the motor . The batteries store the electrical energy needed to power the motor .

Steps for designing EV with Li-ion battery :

1) Vehicle Dynamics

Parameters -

a) Vehicle body

b) Wind Speed

c) Inclination (beta)

d) Tire (Magic Formula)

e) Simple Gear

2) Electrical System

Parameters -

a) PWM (Pulse Width Modulator)

b) H-bridge

c) DC Motor

3) Battery Pack (4s3p)

4s3p means 4 cells in series and 3 lines of series connection in parallel .

Parameters -

a) Li-ion Battery

4) SOC (State of Charge)

Parameter -

a) Gain Input

5) PID Controller

Parameters

a) PID

b) Saturation Block

For Acceleration

For Decceleration

c) Transfer Function

For Acceleration

For Decceleration

Abs

6) Driver Input

We have taken three inputs ,

a) Drive Cycle FTP75

b) Drive Cycle WOT (Wide open Throttle)

c) Signal Builder

We have created our own drive cylce as shown below ,

Final Model :

Now we will run the model for given inputs . The results are shown below ,

Results

Input - Drive Cycle FTP75

Distance Travelled

SOC & Current

Battery Status

Temperatures

Motor Speed

Average Energy Consumed

Conclusion

We have created a MATLAB model of electric car which uses lithium ion battery with suitable motor by using suitable blocks from Simscape or Powertrain block set and we Implement the vehicle speed control using PI controller and generate brake and accelerator commands.

We have seen System level configurations, Model parameters, the model run as per our reference input given with less error in it due to pid controller .