Design of Lopifit Treadmill Bicycle

Project Name - Design of Lopifit Treadmill Bicycle

Index

Sr. No.	Topic	Page No.
01	Abstract	03
02	Introduction	04
03	Problem Statement & objective	05
04	Concept sketch	06
05	Components and material list	07
06	Design calculations and analysis	08
07	Drive Train calculation	17
08	Working Principle and rendered image	18
09	Advantages and disadvantages	19
10	Future scope & Conclusion	20

DESIGN OF TRADEMIL WALKING BICYCLE

ABSTRACT:-

Walking Bike is a totally new way of moving. With the electric assist it takes no more effort to walk then “a walk in the park”. The electric assist in combination with the gear is boosting your walking pace up to the speed of the regular bike. When you are walking on the walking bike, you push the treadmill backward with your feet. The movement of the treadmill gives the signal to the electronic device which will activate the motor. The motor now supports you to continue the walking movement. Using break motor speed will reduce slowly. The walking bike has a sturdy and balanced base. If there are little pebbles on the road it will just cruise along a regular bike. The rubber of the treadmill has anti slip structure which will prevent you from sliding of bike. “I aspired to design a vehicle that is faster than walking and easier to ride than a bicycle”

INTRODUCTION:-

Exercise are advised for health promotion, and prophylaxis for many cardiovascular diseases and also for rehabilitation after an episode of disease. Among the exercises aerobic exercises are appropriate for these purposes. To do aerobic exercise many methods are available for example: running, jogging, walking, cycling and others. Among different modes of exercises in the modern busy life, the cycling and treadmill exercises are the commonest to perform as indoor aerobic exercises. In motor driven treadmill exercise which is similarly to walking or jogging or running depending upon the speed of the treadmill motor is becoming more familiar to all. Thus i made an innovation to take that treadmill in park. This is nothing but having a walk in a park. The electric bicycle (e-bicycle) market varies greatly by product type and regional demand. The placement of electric motors for e-bicycles is also receiving increased consideration. E-bicycle can have motors in one of three locations: the front wheel hub, mid-mounted at the bottom bracket (pedals), or the rear wheel hub. The rear wheel hub is the most popular location, and most of the large Chinese market is utilising rear hub motors. Rear wheel hubs are thought to be best for throttle-controlled bikes, whereas the other locations work well with e-bicycles that only provide electric power when the pedals are being used (pedal assistance). The mid-mount motor is the fastest growing segment, in part due to strong competitors like Panasonic and relatively new competitors including Bosch and AEG.

• Problem Statement
• In our day to day life we see that many people’s use bikes cars as a source of transportation. This results in environmental pollution and fuel consumption.
• In manual treadmill the motion of the treadmill is rough to overcome this we use a motor to rotate the rotors.
• Batteries which are widely used in automobile sector is not rechargeable thus when they disposed create pollution.
• To improve all above phenomenon I take initiative by designing something which would help to reduce these harmful phenomenon.

• Objectives
• Pollution control.
• Useful for exercise purpose.
• To reduce the use of non-renewable energy sources.

1. CONCEPT OF WALKING BIKE

Figure shows the model of walking Bike. For the movement of the walking bike sprockets mechanism is provided. Walking bike is a combination of treadmill and cycle. Tread belt is fixed with a frame which consist of supportive rollers and two main rollers at extreme ends for movement of the belt. On the extreme last roller sprocket is fitted.

Components AS below –

• Treadmill
• Battery
• Handlebar
• Brakes
• Control Panel
• Lighting
• Motor
• Chain
• Wheels
• Sprocket

Material Selection:-

For Frame -

Properties of Mild Steel:

M.S. has carbon content from 0.15% to 0.30%. They are easily wieldable thus can be hardened only. They are similar to wrought in properties. Both ultimate tensile and compressive strength of the steel increases with increase in carbon content. They can be easily gas welded or electric or arc welded. With increase in the carbon percentage weld ability decreases. Mild steel serves the purpose and hence selected because of above purpose

Reason -

• Mild steel is readily available in market.
• It is economical to use.
• It is available in standard size.
• It has good mechanical properties i.e. it is easily Machin able.
• It has moderate factor of safety, because factor of safety results in unnecessary wastage of materialand Heavy selection
• It has high tensile strength.
• Low co-efficient of thermal expansion

Calculation and analysis to find the dimensions of components –

For Frame –

Breadth measure with joined feet = 279mm

Safety factor taken on one side 50mm

Safety factor taken for both side = 2*25 = 50mm

Breadth of pipe = 38mm

Breadth of pipe on both side = 35*2 =70mm

Breadth of frame = 279+50+70= 400mm

Breadth of frame = 400mm

One step measure = 800mm

Safety factor taken on front = 58mm

Total factor of safety taken = 58*2 = 116mm

Length of frame = 800+116

Length of frame = 917mm

Belt (Nylon Rubber Fabric) :-

Standard material available for tread belt is nylon fabric. So I use this material for treadmill belt. Nylon rubber fabric is cheap and easily available, less in cost and having property of wear resistance.

The top side of the belt is rubber (higher quality treadmills use PVC rubber) and the underside is cotton, polyester, urethane or mono-filament.

Rollers:-

Length of rollers as 330mm. To reduce the friction of belt with Frame 5 mm clearance is provided on both sides. Front roller is of diameter 50mm and that of rear one have diameter 45mm. For easy and fast movement of belt some taper should be provided to belt that’s why front roller is large in diameter and rear is in small diameter. Rollers are connected to frame by using MS rod of diameter 20 mm. PVC bush are placed in front roller and deep groove ball bearing 6000, which is use for light weight operation is used. For diameter of the roller

Load analysis of the selected material:

Maximum applied load = human weight + body weight

Assume it as 120kg which is 1177.2N.

Maximum allowable load =1177.2N. (Considering maximum weight of rider)

Length of roller = 330mm

Uniformly distributed load = load x total length

=2.4N/mm.

(Consider simply supported beam)

Where Permissible shear stress

= 0.3x tensile yield strength of steel

=180N/mm²

Maximum shear stress

=0.18 X ultimate tensile yield strength

=126 N/mm².

Bending stress factor Kb=1.5

Life load factor Kt =1

Assuming the roller is simply supported beam

Maximum bending stress (Mb) at cut section=711480N-mm

From

Maximum torque relation

We get diameter= 45mm

For speed o roller:

The length of the belt is = 1.2m=1200mm

So, for one full rotation of the belt a man has to run 1.2m

If a man running at a speed 5 km/h then in one hour the belt rotates=4166 times

Here, the diameter of roller is = 45 mm

So, for each rotation of the belt one roller completes

=1777/πD

So, the speed of the belt rotation is 4166/hour=69rpm

For each revolution of belt roller rotates 9 times

Speed of the roller = 9x69

=621 rpm.

Bearing:-

Single row deep groove ball bearings are the most widely used roller bearing type in the world due to their versatility and overall performance. They are characterized by having deep raceway grooves in which the inner and outer rings have circular arcs of slightly larger radius than that of the balls.

Motor:

Brushless DC electric motor also known as electronically commutated motor ECM. Brushless DC motors are powered by a DC electric source by an integrated inverter or switching power supply, which produces an AC electric signal to drive the motor. In brushless motors, permanent magnets rotate around a fixed armature. Commutation with electronics has large scope of capabilities and flexibility. BLDC motor known for smooth operation, and holding torque when stationary. Additional sensors and electronics control the inverter output amplitude and waveform. Therefore percent of DC bus usage/efficiency and frequency i.e. rotor speed.

Motor specifications

Power of motor = 350W

RPM of motor=300rpm

Power (P)=2πNT/60x10>6

Motor torque= 11146.4N-mm.

Motor is an electrical device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. In this work, the DC motor is used because they are simple, lightweight, and more rugged and requires low maintenance. The specifications of motor are : 350 watt, 36 volt, 300 rpm.

Battery :

Battery is a device consisting of single or multiple electrochemical cells. This is used for supplying electric power.it has two terminals:

Anode, which is negative terminal

Cathode, which is positive terminal. The electrons travel to cathode from anode.

There are two most common types of batteries: lithium ion battery and lead acid battery. The lithium ion battery is made from lithium and lead acid consists lead. Both are suitable for storage solution.

Battery Specification : -

Volt – 36

Power we required - 350 watt

So current required from battery

I = P/V,

I = 9.72 Amp = 10 Amp

So we required 36 volt 10 amph battery.

Chain:

This is a series of connected metal links that are joined together. Chains are used to transfer from one sprocket to another. A chain drive is intermediate between belt drive and gear drive. Chain drive has some characteristics of belt drive and some of gear drive. Chain drive can be used for long and short center distances. It can operate without full lubrication film between joints unlike gear drive. The efficiency of chain drive is more than belt drive. It is compact compared to belt drives.

Handle bar –

Sprocket:

Sprocket is a component used to engage links of chain. One can call it a toothed wheel, with the help of chain and sprockets power transmission system can be formed. Here, there are total five sprockets of different teeth and diameter is used to obtain required speed ratio. The sprockets are made of same material as chain .

Drive Train Calculation -

Speed Of Roller
Length of belt (m)	Walking Speed of man (meter/Hr.)	Belt Rotation/Hr.	Belt Rev./Min.	Dia. Of roller	circumferences of roller	For each rotation of belt roller rotates	Roller RPM
1.2	5000	4166.666667	69.44444444	45	141.3	8.492569002	621
1200			69			9

Calculation of Rear wheel RPM to obtain a maximum speed of 50kmph

From realtion v=rxw

V= linear velocity

R= radius od wheel

W= angular velocity

Required Max speed of rear wheel
Size of rear wheel (m)	Speed in kmph	Required Speed (m/s)	Angular velocity (m/s) (w=v/r)	Linear velocity	Speed of rear wheel (rpm)
0.35	50	13.88888889	39.68253968	v=r*w	238.0952381
	5000

Compound Gear train calculation -

By the relation

N1T1=N2T2

We can obtain the speed and number of teeth on sprocket.

Compound Gear Calculation
Component	Speed in RPM	No. of teeth
Motor	300	9
Roller Wheel	624	18.72
Component	Speed in RPM	No. of teeth
Motor	300	9
Sprocket 1	400	12
Component	Speed in RPM	No. of teeth
Sprocket 2	400	20
Rear wheel sprocket	379.13	18.95

Working Principle –

Assembly and photo rendering –

ADVANTAGES

• Simple in construction.
• Easy to fabricate.
• The components used for the fabrication are simple and easily available.
• The cost of the system is less.
• No need of separate time for exercising.
• No need of skilled operators to operate this machine.
• Less maintenance is needed.
• Compact in size.
• Less weight.
• Easily portable.
• Solar power charges the battery automatically.

DISADVANTAGES

• Not suitable for travelling longer distances.

• Not as efficient as motor driven vehicles.
• More human effort is required in order to drive the vehicle.

APPLICATIONS

These types of machines can be widely used in the fields such as,

• Fitness and gym,
• Those who are interested in evening walks.
• Automobile application.
• Two-wheeler Application.
• Light vehicles.

FUTURE SCOPE

• It can be used as an indoor locomotive device infrastructure with large roof span i.e. malls, warehouse,
• open markets, large office spaces, etc.
• By using such product pedestrian cops can save themselves from getting exhausted.
• Pedestrians in large campuses can benefits from this product the same way.
• Can replace cycle as an energy efficient vehicle for those who cannot drive a cycle.

CONCLUSION

• Exercise-Treadmill bicycle helps in maintaining proper physique. Physical fitness is of utmost importance in day to day life. People often get bored while exercising in a closed room such as gym. By using treadmill bicycle one can exercise outdoors in fresh air.
• Fuel saving-People often use vehicle for travelling over short distance. This causes unnecessary wastage of fuel. Due to use of treadmill bicycle over short distance a large amount of fuel can be saved.
• Travelling-Treadmill bicycle can be used for travelling over short distances. One can also exercise while travelling over short distance.
• Eco- friendly-Treadmill bicycle does not require any fuel. Therefore, it does not emit any pollutants. So it is an eco-friendly vehicle.