Creating a Wardrobe detailed drawing, Floor Plan, Kitchen Layout and Column Detail using AutoCad

Introduction

• AutoCAD's dimensioning tools can automatically measure distances and place dimensions on your drawing. You have to just select the objects, appropriate dimensions will be added by the AutoCAD.
• Dimension tools can be acccessed from the Dimensions panel on the Annotate tab of the ribbon.
• AutoCAD divides dimension into four main categories: Linear, Radial, Ordinate and Angular. Always use object snap option to pick dimension line origin.

There are different dimension line commands

1. Linear Dimension commands:

• It is used to dimension along straight lines.
• There are five linear dimension commands: DIMLINEAR, DIMCONTINUE, DIMBASELINE, DIMALIGNED and DIMROTATED.
• DIMLINEAR is the most commonly used command.
• DIMLINEAR - This command is used to generate horizontal and vertical line.
• DIMCONTINUE - This command is used to add a string of dimensions quickly that align perfectly.
• DIMBASELINE - This command is used to generate a series of dimensions from a single basepoint.
• DIMALIGNED - This command is used to generate aligned dimensions. These are dimensions along inclined lines which cannot be dimensioned using DIMLINEAR command.
• DIMCONTINUE and DIMBASELINE can be used in conjuction with DIMALIGNED dimensions.

2. Radial dimension commands:

• There are two main radial dimension commands, DIMDIAMETER and DIMRADIUS. Both commands result in a similar looking dimensions so AutoCAD automatically inserts "R" to indicate a radius and the dimension symbol to indicate a dimension.
• Diameter dimension command: DIMDIAMETER. Diameter command is used to annotate a circle or an arc with a diameter dimension.
• Radius dimension command: DIMRADIUS. The radial command is identical to the diameter command except that the dimension measurement is a radius rather than a dimension and the resulting dimension text is prefixed with a "R" to indicate radius.Center mark command: DIMCENTER. Center mark command is used to annotate a circle or an arc with a cross at the center.

3. Angular dimensions:

• DiMANGUlAR. Angular command can be used to indicate an angle in almost any situation.

4. Ordinate dimensions:

• DIMORDINATE. These are not really dimensions, they do not indicate a measurement, rather they annotate known coordinate points. dimordinate command is used to indicate the X and Y ordinate values at any point.

5. Dimention text edit:

• DIMTEDIT. This command is used to modify the text position of any single dimension.

6. Dimension edit command:

• DIMEDIT. This command can be used to modify an change the text of any number of dimensions.

Aim:To draw the elevation and details of the wardrobe as given in the below figure and to provide the dimensions and text with the use of layers.

Introduction:

• Open autocad application
• Type Qnew and open new drawing
• Set units according to drawing
• Switch on object snap and object snap modes : Endpoint, Midpoint, Center, Nearest, Intersection, Perpendicular and Node
• Ortho mode is ON

Procedure :

• Initially set the units as decimal (millimeters).
• Now, set the limits of the drawing:
• Specify the lower left corner: (0,0)
• Specify the upper right corner: (10000,10000)

• First the plan of the drawing is developed using line command. So, choose the line command:
• Specify the first point:(0,0)
• Specify the next point: @2800,0
• Specify the next point: @0,630
• Specify the next point: @-2800,0
• Specify the next point: C

• Choose offset command to offset all the edges at an offset distance 20mm inwards.
• Trim off the unwanted portion
• Now, againn choose the offset command and offset the line at the left side at an offset distance of 2435mm.
• Now, againn choose the offset command and offset the line at the left side at an offset distance of 1195mm.
• Now, againn choose the offset command and offset the line at the left side at an offset distance of 1210mm.
• Now again offset the recently drawn line at an offset distance of 15mm on the line which is placed at 2435mm dist from the leftmost side.
• After this, trim off the unnecessary line and use extend, if needed.
• Now, using line command mark the door portion for both the doors.
• Using the trim extend command complete the remaining figure.

• Now, using the line command, hatching for the wall surface is done.
• After hatching, these lines are made dim by increasing its transperancy value to 70
• After this, the plan is completed by dimensioning and providing the necessary text.

• Texts and dimensions are assigned as different layers, named as text and dimensions.

• Hence, the plan is completed.

Now, front elevation can be developed.

• For that construction lines can be used to elevate the elements in plan.

• Now, use the construction line option to draw the horizontal line to create the base of the wardrobe.
• The command used is XLINE

• Now, using the trim option, trim off the unwanted portion of the construction lines.

• Now, in the front elevation, offset the horizontal line drawn at an off set distance of 100mm upwards

• Then, again offset bottom line at an offset distance of 2100mm

• Now, offset this line recently created at an offset distance of 488mm upwards, this line thus created is further offsetted at an offset distance of 12mm.

• Now, trim off the unnecessry part of the construction line

• Now, using the line command draw the cross bracings given in the front elevation of the wardrobe.

• The transparancy of these lines are then increased to value of 70.

• After that draw the hatchings in the drawing using line command and offset command.
• The transparency of these hatching are also increased to value of 85.
  
  

• This hatching portion is also made dim by increasing the transparency value to 70.

• Now, the figure can be completed by dimensioning it and adding necessary text.

• After front elevation, next one to be drawn is carcase elevation.
• This has the same outline as the front elevation, the outine of front elevation can be copied and placed next to front elevation.

• Then all the lines are offsetted at an offset distance of 20mm inwards .
• The unnecessary part can be trimmed off using trim command.
• Then using the line command legs of the wardrobe can be created.

• The unnecessary part can be trimmed off using trim command.

• Now, using the line command and rectangle command elements within the wardrobe can be created.

• Further, it is then made dim by increasing the transperancy

• Now, the figure can be completed by dimensioning and adding necessary text within the drawing

• Dimensions and texts are then placed in the respective layers.

• Now, the next one to be drawn is the side elevation. For this choose the rectangle command, and draw a rectangle of size 630mmx2600mm.
• Then offset this rectangle at an offset distance of 20mm inwards

• Now, using the offset option divide the section into different portions.
• Then, using the line command do the hatching wherever required.
• The hatched part is then made dim by increasing the transparency value

• Now, the figure is then completed by providing the dimensions and necessary texts

• Dimensions and texts are then placed in the respective layers.
• The next one to be drawn is the detailing of section 1. For this, first the outline of the side elevation is copied next to it.
• Then using the line command different drawers are made.
• Then the figure is completed by dimensioning it and providing necessary texts witin the figure

• Dimensions and texts are then placed in the respective layers.
• The next one to be drawn is the section 2 of the figure, for this draw a rectangle of size 365mmx2600mm size using the rectangular command.

• Offset this rectangle at an offset distance of 20mm inwards.
• Then using the line command complete the outline of the section.
• Finally dimensions and texts involved are added to the drawing.

• Hence, the entire drawing is completed and is obtained as given below

Result :

Problem 2 :

Draw the floor plan as shown in the Figure. Use the proper drafting tools to sketch the plan. Do not hatch or draw the furniture. You need to draw the floor plan with the following:

Note: You can also import the Floor Plan.pdf into your current drawing and start working on the project. You need to scale the imported pdf file using reference option. All dimensions are in mm.

1. Walls (Exterior and Interior)

Wall Thickness: Exterior Wall- 230mm, Interior Wall: 150 mm (Wherever Required)

2. Doors and Windows: Assume the size of the doors and window.

Stairs: Tread-300mm, Riser-150mm

3. Insert Text wherever required
4. Insert the dimensions using proper dimension techniques

Aim : To sketch the floor plan as given in the figure using proper drafting tools.

Procedure :

Step 1:

• Set units to decimal
• Set units in dim style to decimal
• Limits and lim-max are also set
• Zoom command is also used

Step 2:

• In the command prompt type XL to draw the infinite lines
• In the command prompt type offset to offset the line for a particular distance
• Using arc command doors are also created .

Step 3:

• To draw canopy

circle:

• In the menu bar click on circle > centre, radius
• specify the centre point as 10,10 and radius 452
• In the meu bar click on circle > centre, radius]
• specify the centre point same as the previous circle (10,10) and radius 1398

SEATS:

• In the menu bar click on rectangular or In the command prompt type rec
• specify the length of the rectangle as 662.3
• specify the width of the rectangle as 298 .0
• In the command prompt type FILLET > RADIUS > 100 .00 (to get curve edges in the corner)
• In the menu bar > circle > 2-point ( 2 points are the end points of the top line )
• In the men bar > circle > centre ,diameter
• centre is the midpoint of the line , diameter is 719 .0
• In the menu bar > circle > centre, diameter
• centre is the midpoint of the line , diameter is 777.2 now, extend the centre line and trim the extra's
• In the menu bar click fillet> blend curves > and select the arc
• In the menu bar click fillet> blend curves > and select the arc
• In the menu bar click fillet> blend curves > and select the arc

Step 4:

• Give the dimensions and anotation the drawing with the text where ever required.

Result :

Problem 3 :

Create the Kitchen Layout as shown in the Figure below. Also, use proper dimension techniques to dimension the kitchen layout. Also, insert text wherever required. All dimensions are in mm.

Aim :To create the kitchen layout as given in the figure and by using proper dimensioning technique dimension the layout and insert the text wherever necessary.

Procedure :

step 1:

• Units are set to mm.
• Limits and lim-max are also set .
• Zoom command is also used .

Step 2:

• In the command prompt type rec and the dimensions are 4734 x 3688 mm.
• In the command prompt type offset and offset it to the distance of 230mm.

• Using arc and lines the door is drawn .

• In the command prompt type hatch to hatch the model .

Step 3:

• In the command prompt type rec > dimensions , to do the fridge

• In the command prompt type offset and offset it to the desired distace to get the Micro Oven
• In the command prompt type trim to trim the extras

• In the command prompt type offset and offset it to the horizontal distance of 350,450,900,450,450 and 560
• In the command prompt type offset and offset it to the vertical distance of 600
• In the command prompt type trim to trim the extras
• In the command prompt type line type and load the dotted lines

• In the command prompt type text to text the given annotations
• In the command prompt type dimensions to given the dimensions to your plan
• In the command prompt even the leader command is used to name the dimensions

Result

Problem 4 :

Sketch the column details as shown in Figure. Insert dimensions and text in the figure. Refer to the bar sizes from the schedule.

8mm ---- 0.31 Inches

25mm--- 1 inches

16mm—0.62 inches

Aim : To sketch the column details using AutoCad
Procedure :

Step:1

• units are set to mm
• limits and limax are also set
• zoom comand is also used

Step:2

• Using rectangle and line command the tables are drawn

Step:3

• Using text command the text are given

Step:4

• In the command prompt type lines to draw the reinforcement
• In the command prompt type circles to draw the reinforcement

Results :

Problem 5 :

Draw the Raft Layout as shown in the Figure. Assume the column size as per your knowledge. You can take the sizes as: 24”x24”, 9” x 24”, 9” x 18”, and 9’ x 24”.

Aim : To draw the Raft Layout as shown in AutoCad
Procedure :

Step 1:

• Initially set the units as Engineering (feet and inches).
• Now, set the limits of the drawing:
• Specify the lower left corner: (0',0')
• Specify the upper right corner: (100'0",100'0")

Step 2:

• In the command prompt type rectangle > dimensions are 29'-7" and 60 '
  

Step 3:

• In the command prompt offset the distance to 4"

Step 4:

• Now, in properties panel change the line type to center 2 inorder to obtain dotted line.
• Using this lines draw the grid lines by offsetting each line at the prescribed distance in both horizontal as well as vertical direction.

Step 5:

• In the ribbon > hatch > AR-CONC
• Grid line snap off from layre then this hatching process done.

Step 6:

• Now, use rectangle command and draw the columns in the foundation.
• Various column sizes are: 24"x24"; 9"x24"; 9"x18"; 9"x30"
• Grid mode on.

Step 7:

• Hence, columns are drawn. Now, we have to draw the footings for these columns.
• Using line command the footings for these columns are created.
• Now, using the hatch option hatching is done with respective hatch pattens for columns, brickwall, concrete portion.

Step 9:

• Now the figure is completed by poviding the necessary texts and dimensions.

Results