1.  Source to the solenoid is provided by a controlled voltage source where the physcial signal is provided by a step source from simulink block where voltage is given for 2 sec and then it is taken down. Postion of the plunger of a solenoid is sensed by a translational sensor, when the source is connected to the…

1. state diagram: Inputs to the state flow are power supply and waterflow If power supply is not present the system is deactivated, this is done by giving condtions across the arrows connecting the blocks. If power suplly is present the check is done for water supply, if watersupply is present then washing is done followed…

ADVISOR is a Advanced Vehicle Simulator created by National Research Energy Laboratories(NREL), USA, department of energy. used for rapid analysis of performance and fuel economy of conventional, electric and hybrid vehicles. It is backward faced model where energy flow is from Driving cycle to energy storage(battery).…

1.               Mapped engine/motor/generator model                 Dynamic engine/motor/generator model 1.relationship between the variable in engine/motor/generator is given in the form of look-up tables. 1.relationship between the variable in…

1. Power converters used in electric vehicles are : AC to DC converter or Rectifier: charger of an EV  DC to AC converter or Inverter: Motor drive, where DC from battery is applied to AC motor. DC to DC converter or Chopper: converts one DC voltage level to another DC voltage level. Generally used in auxiliary components…

1. A.Block diagram: Here the speed control of DC motor is done by using armature voltage control method where armature voltage is varied for speed control below the rated speed. Dc motor is placed between two legs of bidirectional switches which are realised by the pwer BJT in parallel with power diode. The field winding…

      1. Drive cylce: Energy required to brake the vehicle is the change the change in kinetic energy that occurs while decreasing the vehcile speed.                                              `E=1/2*M*(V_i^2-V_f^2)` where…

PART-A 1.          Aircraft       Empty weight(EW)      Max fuel weight(MFW)     Max cargo weight(MCW)  Max Gross Take off      wieght(MGTW) Antanov AN- 225 285,000 kg 300,000 kg 190,000 kg 640,000 kg Airbus A380-800 277,000 KG 254,00KG…

Aim: To design a MATLAB model for electric rickshaw. specification: DC Motor:  V_rated=200v, Pout_rated=7kw, speed_rated=3000rpm, rotot inertia=0.001 g*cm^2 Components used for modelling: Vehicle body:            All the values are taken default that are present in the block The drag…

1. A lithium-ion battery or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move from the negative electrode through an electrolyte to the positive electrode during discharge, and back when charging. Li-ion batteries use an intercalated lithium compound as the material at the positive electrode and…

1. TestCase 1: for first 3000 sec driving mode, after 3000sec Balacing mode of battery, then after 1000 sec charging and balacing both takes places simulataneously after another 5000 sec Post charge balancing occurs till 20000sec (end). results  while driving the cell voltage decreases, temperature increases as battery…

Let the output ripple voltage be less than 1% => `(deltaV_o)/V_o=0.01` and switching frequency fs=100kHz1. BUCK CCM:Vi=40V to 50V , Vo=30V, Po=500 WD= Vo/Vi, `R=V_o^2/P_o=30^2/500=1.8 ohm`=> range of D= `30/40 to 30/50=0.75 to 0.6`Caclulation of circuit parameters:Indutance:       …

Fuel cells are classified on the basis of type of electrolyte used. These are as follows: Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFCs), Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFCs), Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFCs) and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC)    …

1. The given statement is TRUE. UltraCapacitor is specifically used to supply and absorb the transients of the vehicle dynamics. UC is a high power density  and low energy density ESS where there is rapid charging and discharging. In Other energy storage systems (ESS) like Li-ion batteries there will be chemical reactions…

Flow chart:                                           The parameters required to simulate the above algorithm are maximum fuel cell power and minimum fuel cell power. MAX_FC_Power=90 kW and MIN_FC_Power=50 kW, which are defined in workspace. Input is the power demand from the vehicle which is given by a signal builder…

Aim:               To develop a mathematical model of vehicle using all the resisitve forces acting on the vehicle given the parameters of the various forces are provided. Objective:               To output the vehicle velocity which is equal to the desired velocity (usually a drive cycle). Theory: Forces acting opposite…

Aim:       To develop a mathematical model of Ultracapacitor. Objective:        To Output the ultracapacitor SOC , voltage and current using the parameters defined in UC_data.mat file. Input is the Power demand of UltraCapaciotor (PUC) which probably comes from the energy management system…