Sensitivity analysis of a combustion reaction with respect to temperature.

Aim : To simulate the fluid sloshing effect in a gearbox for different lubricants and immersion levels.   Introduction and theory : A mechanical device that consists of moving parts is bound to experience wear due to friction and heat generation over time. A gearbox contains gears that transmit power from the engine…

Aim: To create a reduced reaction mechanism for methane combustion, for different initial conditions of temperature, pressure, and equivalence ratio.   Introduction: A reaction mechanism consists of a number of elementary reactions, which are single-step reactions, resulting in the formation of the final products.…

AIM: To observe the behaviour of different species after performing a combustion simulation, and the effect of the addition of water to fuel on the NOx and Soot formation.   Introduction and theory: There are upwards of two hundred reactions that take place during the combustion of a hydrocarbon such as methane. The…

AIM: To obtain the reaction rate ordinary differential equations of a simple reaction mechanism using compact notation.   Introduction: The reaction rate of a chemical reaction is the pace at which a reaction takes place. The reaction rate depends on several factors such as temperature, pressure, type of reaction,…

Aim : To simulate the Rayleigh-Taylor instability using water and air for different mesh element sizes, and a user-defined fluid with water.   Introduction: The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is a phenomenon that occurs at the interface of two fluids of different densities, with the denser fluid on top of the less dense…

Aim : To obtain the flow factor, flow coefficients and mass flow rates for different valve opening values of a Gate Valve.   Introduction and theory: A Gate Valve is a simple mechanism that is used to control the flow of a fluid through a pipe. The gate valve uses a gate that is connected to a stem, and the rotational…

Aim: To simulate particle flow in a cyclone separator, and calculate the separation efficiency and pressure drop.   Introduction and theory: The flow of particles within a geometry poses an interesting problem, as there are many different forces acting upon it at an instant of time. The unique behaviour particles…

Aim : To perform a steady-state simulation on a graphics card, and observe the thermal effects of air velocity over the graphics card geometry.   Introduction: Conjugate Heat Transfer analysis is used to capture accurate heat transfer behaviour due to both convection and conduction, for cases in which a solid and…

AIM: To study the phenomenon of Vortex-Shedding and the Karman Vortex Street at different Reynolds numbers, over a cylinder. Operating conditions: The objective of this project is to observe the vortex shedding behind the cylinder, and the operating fluid will be defined by creating a fluid with characterisitics that will…

Aim : To obtain the mixing-efficiency of a Mixing-Tee, varying the length of the geometry and the momentum ratios used.   Operating conditions: The following are the conditions that have been used for two cases involving the short mixing tee and the long mixing tee: Inlet temperature         …

  Aim : Simulating fluid flow over the Ahmed body, and observing the effects of its shape on the fluid by observing the wake region.  Introduction: The Ahmed body and its importance: A bluff body is a body that creates a separated flow region due to its geometry or shape, when a fluid flows over it. This characteristic…

Project title : Simulating fluid flow in an exhaust manifold using ANSYS Fluent   Aim: Observing the thermal behaviour of a hot fluid flowing through the exhaust pipe, and obtaining an accurate value of the Heat Transfer Coefficient on the internal solid surface of the exhaust manifold.   Introduction: Conjugate…

AIM: 1. To observe the effect of equivalence ratio on the adiabatic flame temperature in a constant volume chamber by writing a program in python, and comparing the results obtained with cantera. 2. To calculate heat loss and observe its effect on adiabatic flame temperature of a gas.   Introduction: The fuel-air…

Aim: To obtain the adiabatic flame temperature of Methane, using 'Quantity' class to specify the number of moles.   Introduction: The 'Quantity' class in the Cantera library is used to define various characteristics such as the mass and the number of moles, of the gas that has been considered. The object created by…

AIM: (1) To observe the effect of air pre-heat temperature on the Adiabatic Flame Temperature of Methane.         (2) To observe the effect of the equivalence ratio and air pre-heat temperature on the combustion/fuel utilization efficiency of the mixture, fixing the furnace exit…

AIM: To understand numerical methods used to solve Ordinary Differential Equations and the stability of these methods.   Introduction: Ordinary Differential Equations are used extensively in physics, and solving them becomes vital, in order to understand the behaviour of a particular system. Many ordinary differential…

Aim : To implement the Implicit Euler method(Backward differencing method), while employing the Newton-Raphson method to solve the system of coupled non-linear equations, and obtaining the ideal time step for the simulation.   Introduction: Systems of ordinary differential equations are observed in physics and chemistry.…

AIM : To perform sensitvity analysis on a combustion reaction, and obtain the reactions that are most sensitive to temperature.   Introduction: A reaction mechanism consists of a number of elementary reactions, which are single step reactions, resulting in the formation of the final products. The pace of an elementary…

AIM: (1)To observe the variation of the Auto-ignition time of Methane with varying initial temperature and pressure conditions. (2)To observe the rate of change of molar concentration of the species present in the combustion reaction, with varying temperature and pressure conditions.   Introduction: Observing the…

(A)Use and requirement of interpolation schemes: Interpolation schemes allow us to utilize the information regarding a specific variable at node points, and obtain a value of another variable of the same nature. In the one-dimensional heat conduction equation, there are two variables that are seen. A temperature gradient(dT/dx)…

SIMULATION CONDITIONS: Time                                                                           = 800 seconds Time step size           …

The results of flow of the working fluid,water, through an axisymmetric wedge have been given below. SIMULATION SETUP: Reynold\'s number        =    2100 Velocity of fluid at inlet =     0.021 m/s          ........ (attained from…

In this project, we observe the distinct differences between different graded meshes,following the grade factors of 0.2,0.5 and 0.8 along the length of a backward facing step. The blockmeshdict file for the same will be displayed below. The grade factor for the wall is kept at a constant 0.2. For the sake of clarity, the…

The following lines of code are for the non-conservative and conservative methods,using the McCormack method for the simulation of 1-D supersonic nozzle flow: clear all close all clc %MAIN INPUT: n = 31; x = linspace(0,3,n); dx = x(2) - x(1); %let gamma = Y: Y = 1.4; nt = 1400; dt= 0.0267; %mach number = M M = 1; %exact…

The following code was used to solve the 2D-Heat conduction equation in MATLAB, implicitly using Jacobi,Gauss Seidel and Successive Over-Relaxation methods.   The transient solution for all three methods are placed before the steady state solution.  The time period assumed was 100 seconds and the time step was…

The following methods of approximation have been considered in this assignment: Central difference Skewed left sided difference Skewed right sided difference  The approximation is of fourth order, and the derivative is of second order. The calculations done in order to obtain the coefficients associated with each…