project :  code v=[-17.3 -17.1 -17 -16.8 -16.5];i=[-28 -24 -19 -14 -9];xq= -17.3:0.1:0.9;yq= interp1(v,i,xq);plot(v,i,'m--',xq,yq,'r*')   output :       INTERPOLACTION OF DATA:  % to find the current values %(we denote currnet is VV ) v=[-17.3 -17.1 -17 -16.8 -16.5 -16 -15-14 -12 -10 -8 -5…

ANSWER 1: model   %design parameter  m=100; % mass of the spring mass system k=3944.0; %stiffness constant of spring of spring mass system % design parameter fn=1.0; wn=6.2832; zeta=0.5; % under damped system design   % desired poles p1=-zeta*wn+wn*sqrt(zeta^2-1); p2=-zeta*wn-wn*sqrt(zeta^2-1); P=[p1;p2];…

ANSWER :1 In the ADVISOR tool input GUI select load file as EV_defaults_in file from the drop down menu . also change the cargo mass to 500 kg in the bottom right corner of ADVISOR .    after this select 'continue'  here from down botttom menu of drive cycle ,select CYC_FTP driving cycle.    then…

ANSWER 1: MAPPED models : mapped model are used when the behavior of a particular model is not of our interest and can be modeled with predefined value in the form of lookup tables.   above model values are taken from experiment . implements a mapped motor and drive eletronics operating in torque control mode…

ANSWER 1:  Power Electronic Converters: - In Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (EV/HEV), the power electronic converters are considered as the key elements that interface their power sources to the drivetrain of the EVs. In order to design highly efficient converters for the EV’s power system, advanced DC/DC and DC/AC…

ANSWER 1.A : H bridge : An H-bridge is a simple circuit that lets you control a DC motor to go backward or forward.   A DC motor spins either backward or forward, depending on how you connect the plus and the minus. If you close switch 1 and 4, you have plus connected to the left side of the motor and minus to the…

ANSWER :1 The function of the braking system is to retard the speed of the moving vehicle or bring it to rest in the shortest possible distance whenever required. The vehicle can be held on an inclined surface against the pull of gravity by the application of a brake. Brakes are mechanical devices for increasing the…

PART A:  ANSWER :1  ​ Type MTOW [kg] MLW [tonnes] Antonov An-225 640,000 591.7 Scaled Composites Model 351 Stratolaunch 589,670   Airbus A380-800[1][2][3] 575,000 394 Boeing 747-8F 447,700 346.091 Boeing 747-8 443,613 306.175 Boeing 747-400ER 412,770 295.742 Antonov An-124-100M 405,060 330 Boeing 747-400…

ANSWER: 1    PID controller subsystem:   SUM block:   IN this block feedback velocity from reference velocity. this output is given to pid controller. PID CONTROLLER:     The output from the sum block is given to block  based on the pid ,output is generated. SUTURATION BLOCK :  …

ANSWER :  INTRODUCTION:   The electric vehicle is one that operates on an electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine that generates power by burning a mix of fuel and gaes. EVs use electricity to change their batteries instead of using fossil fuels like petrol or diesel. they use an electric…

ANSWER : let us consider the cell with  nominal voltage =3.6 v capacity = 3500mAh=3.5Ah convert the battery capacity 150kw to Ah  by the help of the power formula which is  P=VI here the voltage given is 120v =150*1000=120 *I I=15000/120 = 1250Ah a) series :  Number of cell in series = required voltage…

ANSWER :  part(a) There are 2 heat sources for the battery heat generation Joules heat  Entropy heat Heat generated = Joules Heat + Entropy Heat when a current flowing through a resistance, there is a heat dissipated in the resistor. This heat dissipation is called Joule heating. Joule heating is also known as…

ANSWER :  part(a) There are 2 heat sources for the battery heat generation Joules heat  Entropy heat Heat generated = Joules Heat + Entropy Heat when a current flowing through a resistance, there is a heat dissipated in the resistor. This heat dissipation is called Joule heating. Joule heating is also known as ohmic heat …

ANSWER :  Electric E-Rickshaw is also known as electric tuk-tuk, e-rickshaw and auto which are going more popular after 2018 in Indian market. This E-rickshaw is best alternative of petrol/ CNG auto rickshaw and human or horse pulled rickshaws because of their low fuel cost, zero emissions and less human efforts.…

ANSWER :  Electric E-Rickshaw is also known as electric tuk-tuk, e-rickshaw and auto which are going more popular after 2018 in Indian market. This E-rickshaw is best alternative of petrol/ CNG auto rickshaw and human or horse pulled rickshaws because of their low fuel cost, zero emissions and less human efforts. The electrical…

EVREFRESHER BATCH 5  ANSWER: PARAMETERS : Power = 100 HP DC Voltage = 800 V Output Voltage = 460 VRMS – line to line Initial Speed = 1500 RPM Final Speed = 1000 RPM Initial Load Torque = 10 Nm Final Torque=20 Nm Torque Step Time = 0.1 secs The electrical energy is supplied by a three-phase AC/DC diode rectifier…

Ev refresher batch5  answer :- DC-DC converter buck  DC-DC converters are also known as Choppers. Here we will have a look at the Step-Down Chopper or Buck converter which reduces the input DC voltage to a specified DC output voltage. The input voltage source is connected to a controllable solid state device…

ANSWER : 1  Four different types of fuel cells  FUEL CELL TYPE APPLICATIONS Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) Backup power Portable power Distributed generation Transportation Specialty vehicles Alkaline (AFC) Military Space Backup power Transportation Phosphoric acid (PAFC) Distributed generation Molten carbonate…

ANSWER : 1  The aggressive driver accelerates rapidly and brakes harshly. This requires the instantaneous high power to meet this condition. By operating battery at this condition increases depth of discharge and it degrades the battery. Battery pack has less specific power capacity than ultracapacitor. In order to…

ANSWER  model :   Requirement - 1    Requirement - 2       SLDD  :   Code generation : /* * File: model.c * * Code generated for Simulink model 'model'. * * Model version : 1.1 * Simulink Coder version : 9.5 (R2021a) 14-Nov-2020 * C/C++ source code generated on : Mon Apr 3 16:32:03 2023 * * Target selection: ert.tlc *…

ANSWER : model    Requirement 1– Lead Vehicle: Lead Vehicle is a vehicle which is driving in the road ahead of our drive vehicle. Two input signals (Signal Name: CameraInput_LeadVehicle & RadarInput_LeadVehicle). Ideally sensor fusion techniques will be deployed to process & analyze data from camera & radar. For complexity…