Fuel cell powered vehicle model

Description: Combustion, a chemical reaction between substances, usually including oxygen, and usually accompanied by the generation of heat and light in the form of flame. The rate or speed at which the reactants combine is high, in part because of the nature of the chemical reaction itself and in part because more…

Ahmed Body and its importance The Ahmed body is a bluff model body with basic aerodynamic properties of a vehicle, which was developed for investigating the influence of the slant angle at the back on the flow field and on the resulting aerodynamic forces, with suppressed interactions between the front…

Introduction: Gate Valve A gate valve, also known as a sluice valve, is a valve that opens by lifting a barrier (gate) out of the path of the fluid. Gate valves require very little space along the pipe axis and hardly restrict the flow of fluid when the gate is fully opened. The gate faces can be parallel…

Aim: Simulation of Cyclone separator with Discrete Phase Modelling   Introduction: Cyclone separator Cyclone separators or simply cyclones are separation devices that use the principle of inertia to remove particulate matter from the flue gases. Cyclone separators is one of many…

Aim: To perform state-state heat transfer analysis on a graphics card (GPU) Introduction: Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and more specifically conjugate heat transfer (CHT) analysis can accurately predict heat transfer by simultaneously solving all the relevant solid and flow field…

Rayleigh Taylor Instability The Rayleigh–Taylor instability, or RT instability, is instability of an interface between two fluids of different densities which occurs when the lighter fluid is pushing the heavier fluid. Examples include the behavior of water suspended above oil in the gravity…

Conjugate Heat Transfer The contemporary conjugate convective heat transfer model was developed after computers came into wide use in order to substitute the empirical relation of proportionality of heat flux to temperature difference with heat transfer coefficient which was the only tool in theoretical heat…

Introduction In fluid dynamics, vortex shedding is an oscillating flow that takes place when a fluid such as air or water flows past a bluff (as opposed to streamlined) body at certain velocities, depending on the size and shape of the body. In this flow, vortices are created at the back of the body and…

For this challenge, we have created two versions of the mixing tee. One of them is longer than the other. Your job is to set up steady-state simulations to compare the mixing effectiveness when the hot inlet temperature is 360C & the Cold inlet is at 190C.  Use the k-epsilon and k-omega SST model for the first…

Simulation of flow through a pipe for different values  of theta ( 10, 25, and 45) in degrees   1. Wedge for angle theta = 10 MATLAB Coding % Simulation of flow through a pipe using OpenFoam % Creating blockMeshDict file clear all close all clc % Defining variables and assumptions % Diameter of pipe D = 0.02;…

  Simulation of Flow through a pipe in OpenFoam Internal flow The flow of liquid or gas through pipes or ducts is commonly used in heating and cooling applications and fluid distribution networks. The fluid in such applications is usually forced to flow by a fan or pump through a flow section. We pay particular attention…

Finite volume method (FVM) The finite volume method (FVM) is a method for representing and evaluating partial differential equations in the form of algebraic equations. In the finite volume method, volume integrals in a partial differential equation that contain a divergence term are…

To simulate using OpenFoam Case 1 - Simulate the flow without using any grading factor (i.e., GF = 1) Case 2 - Simulate the flow with grading factor of 0.2. The cells should be finer near the walls (includig the step wall). You can use the following mesh parameters but you can feel free to modify these values.…

Objective:  To simulate the isentropic flow through a quasi 1D subsonic-supersonic nozzle using Non-conservation and Conservation forms of the governing equations and solve them using Macormack's Method/   Description:  We consider steady, isentropic flow through a convergent-divergent nozzle. The flow at…

Aim:To Solve the 2D heat conduction equation by using the point iterative techniques. Inputs we have assumed here L=1 nx=20 ny=nx error criteria is 1e-4   The Boundary conditions for the problem are as follows; Top Boundary = 600 K Bottom Boundary = 900 K Left Boundary = 400 K Right Boundary = 800 K   Techniques…

Consider the following system of matrices.Coefficient Matrix, A=[5 1 2 ; -3 9 4; 1 2 -7] Solution Matrix, X=[x1;x2;x3] Residual Matrix, B=[10 -14 33]   EXPECTED RESULTS :  Solve the system of matrices using Jacobi, Gauss-seidel and SOR methods. Compute the Iteration Matrix for the above mentioned methods by suitable…

Write a function that accepts the time step as an argument and solves the same problem. You will compare the effect of the time step on the numerical solution. 1. Number of nodes, n = 80 2. Time step , dt = 1e-4, 1e-3, 1e-2, and 1e-1 3. Simulation run time , t = 0.4 seconds. Solution: Given, Grid size n = 80 Time Steps…

Simulate generic battery model charge-discharge using UDDS data. Answer: UDDS Drive cycle Simulink model 1.Signal builder: The Signal Editor block displays create and edit interchangeable scenarios. You can also use the block to switch scenarios in and out of models. The Signal Editor block supports…

Make a MATLAB model of fuel cell-powered electric vehicle and comment on results Answer: Fuel Cell Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy from the reactants directly into electricity and heat. The device consists of an electrolyte layer in contact with a porous anode and cathode on either side.…

How weakest cell limits the usable capacity of the battery pack? What is the solution? ANS: MULTI CELL BATTEYR PACK: The performance of electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEVs) strongly relies on their battery storage system, which consists of multiple battery cells connected in series and parallel.…

Cell data: A123’s high-performance Nanophosphate lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery technology delivers high power and energy density combined with excellent safety performance and extensive life cycling in a lighter weight, more compact package. Our cells have low capacity loss and…

Introduction: The numerical solutions can only give answers at discrete points in the domain which are called as grid points. The finite difference method is for replacing the partial derivates appearing in the governing equation of fluid dynamics, with algebraic difference quotients yeilding a system of governing equations…

Numerical solution to the One-dimensional Linear Convection equation. 1. Assume that the domain length is L = 1m 2. The initial velocity profile is a step function. It is equal to 2m/s between x= 0.1 and 0.3 and 1m/s everywhere else 3. Use first-order forward differencing for the time derivative 4. Use first-order backward/rearward…

Desig of Electric Rickshaw using MATLAB and Simulink Simulink model   Design details 1. Drive cycles Three drive cycles have been taken FTP75, WOT(60kmph) and WOT(80kmph) all three inputs are fed to the system through multipoint switch 2. Power contoller Parameters H-Bridge This block represents an H-bridge motor…

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1. What is the difference between mapped and dynamic model of engine, motor and generator? How can you change model type? Answer:   Mapped model The mapped model is one type where the data points are pre assigned and lookup tables. The engine or motor torque required is sensed and the motoor engine block generates…

1. Why power electronics circuits are efficient? In practice, which types of losses occur in power electronics circuits? Answer: Power Electronics Power electronics is the technology associated with the efficient conversion, control and conditioning of electric power by static means from its available input form into the…

1.Discuss about the equivalent circuit network of induction motor MATLAB model.   One way to analyse and understand the operation of an induction motor is by the use of an equivalent circuit. But first we to need understand about few parameters Slip Induction motors are asynchronous. The stator magnetic field…

How induction motor operation is similar to the clutch?  A clutch is a mechanical device which engages and disengages power transmission from driving shaft to driven shaft. In a car, you need a clutch because the engine spins all the time, but the car's wheels do not. In order for­ a car to stop without…

1. Run MATLAB demo ‘Speed control of a DC motor using BJT H-bridge’. Modify the model such that armature current doesn’t shoot up when motor changes direction from forward to reverse. Solution: BJT The Bipolar Junction Transistor is a semiconductor device which can be used for switching or amplification.…

1.   Which types of power converter circuits are employed in electric and hybrid electric vehicle? AC-DC converters: These are Rectifier circuits, which converts AC voltage into DC voltage. Example: Chareger of an eV where AC power supply has to be converted to DC supply to recharge battery pack. A typical rectifier…

Objectives Implement DC machine torque speed characteristics equations in MATLAB script file. It asks user to input data and plots speed (RPM) versus torque (Nm). Submit the .m file for evaluation and attach the screenshots of all the required plots How can you distinguish between power cables and signal cables and also…

Aim:  Implement control logic of a “washing machine” using Stateflow as per given sequence:  If the power supply is available, the system gets activated  If the Water supply is not available, stop the process & indicate through LED Soaking time should be 200s followed by Washing time of 100s.…

ADVISOR ADVISOR, NREL’s ADvanced VehIcle SimulatOR, is a set of model, data, and script text files for use with Matlab and Simulink.  It is designed for rapid analysis of the performance and fuel economy of conventional, electric, and hybrid vehicles.  ADVISOR also provides a backbone for the detailed simulation…

1.   What is the ratio of hill-climbing power required by fully loaded tata ultra truck to the half-loaded one? Hill climbing force on fully loaded Tata ulta 1518 From spec Crub wt = 5510kg Payload wt = 10200kg Gross wt = 15710kg Speed v = 60kmph = 16.66 m/s Assume `theta` = 15 degree `F_(hc1)` = m*g*sin(`psi`)…

Aim: To fit linear and cubic polynomial equations to the original data.   Theory: Curve fitting is the process of constructing a curve or mathematical function, that has the best fit to a series of data points, possibly subjected to constraints.   Error estimation: There are four elements which measure the goodness…

FLOW OVER BICYCLE   Aim: To calculate drag force using MATLAB.   Objective:       1. Program to plot velocity vs drag force.      2. Program to plot drag co-efficient vs drag force.   Theory: Drag Force: It can be defined as the amount of drag or resistance offered to a…

Aim: File parsing the NASA thermodynamic data and to find the molecular weight of O2, N2 and CO2.  Theory: File parsing Data parsing is a method where one string of data gets converted into a different type of data. So let’s say you receive your data in raw HTML, a parser will take the said HTML and transform…

Aim: To simulate the SHM of a pendulum (using ODE equations).   Theory: Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)    The motion of a particle moving along a straight line with an acceleration whose direction is always towards a fixed point on the line and whose magnitude is proportional to the distance from the fixed…

Aim:  To stimulate forward kinematics of 2R robotic arm using MATLAB and determining the workspace of the robotic arm.   Theory: Kinematics It is the branch of mechanics that deals with the study of the motion of objects without considering the forces which cause the motion. Robotic Arm A robotic arm is similar…

Aim: To generate a simulation of the otto cycle the with help of pv plot and to find thermal efficiency.   Theory: Otto Cycle Otto cycle basically represents four strokes of the piston inside the cylinder, which are isentropic compression, constant volume heat addition, isentropic expansion, and constant volume heat…

Aim: To optimize the stalagmite function and to find global maxima using a genetic algorithm. Objective:Use MATLAB to optimize stalagmite function. Theory: Genetic Algorithm A genetic algorithm is a search heuristic that is inspired by Charles Darwin's theory of natural evolution. This algorithm reflects the process of…