Week-3 Challenge: ADVISOR Tool

AIM : 

To Use the ADVISOR (Advanced Vehicle Simulator) tool and simulate the following conditions:

1. For EV_defaults_in file, if cargo mass is 500 kg with all other default conditions, can the vehicle travel for 45 km with FTP drive cycle. Conclude your observations.
2. In the above case, try changing the battery capacity and repeat the simulation
3. Perform gradeability test with PRIUS_Jpn_defaults_in file. Compare your results in a table and conclude.

Brief Intoduction to ADVISOR : 

 ADVISOR ,: NREL’s ADvanced VehIcle SimulatOR, is a set of model, data, and script text files for use with Matlab and Simulink.  It is designed for rapid analysis of the performance and fuel economy of conventional, electric, and hybrid vehicles.  ADVISOR also provides a backbone for the detailed simulation and analysis of user defined drivetrain components, a starting point of verified vehicle data and algorithms from which to take full advantage of the modeling flexibility of Simulink and analytic power of MATLAB.

fig : shows the welcome page of ADVISOR tool

You may benefit from using ADVISOR if you want to:

• Estimate the fuel economy of vehicles that have not yet been built
• learn about how conventional, hybrid, or electric vehicles use (and lose) energy throughout their drivetrains
• compare relative tailpipe emissions produced on a number of cycles
• evaluate an energy management strategy for your hybrid vehicle’s fuel converter
• optimize the gear ratios in your transmission to minimize fuel use or maximize performance, etc.

The models in ADVISOR are:

• mostly empirical, relying on drivetrain component input/output relationships measured in the laboratory, and
• quasi-static, using data collected in steady state (for example, constant torque and speed) tests and correcting them for transient effects such as the rotational inertia of drivetrain components.

PROCEDURE :

 Task 1 : For EV_defaults_in file, if cargo mass is 500 kg with all other default conditions, can the vehicle travel for 45 km with FTP drive cycle. Conclude your observations. 

 For 1 no's FTP drive cycle :

• First we will Download the ADVISOR from sourceforge opensource software website and then we will extract the zip folder of ADVISOR that contains all the essential files required to opeenup the interactive window through matlab.
• Then we will redirect to the path where the ADVISOR folder is extracred and add its folders and subfolders to the path to make the ADVISOR run without any errors.
• After writing >>ADVISOR in command window we can run the file by running it.then it will openup the start page with an option to choose the unit system wether its US or METRIC as shown below.

• After changing the unit system to metric we will start the program/script/ADVIOSR software.
• ADVISOR Tool has total 3 nos. of window
  1) Vehicle input window
  2) simulation parameter window
  3) Result in window
• We will choose the EV_defaults_in file with the help of Loadfile dropdown menu as marked in the image below which loads the default EV model 
• Then after we will change the value of mass to 500kg keepingall the other parameters remain constant.

• After changing the vehicle type and mass we will continue to next window which is simulation parameter window where we are able to choose the type of driving cycle and the no of driving cycles

In this 1st case we need to setup the vehicle model for FTP driving cycle (Federal Test Procedure) .

The EPA Federal Test Procedure, commonly known as FTP-75 for the city driving cycle, are a series of tests defined by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to measure tailpipe emissions and fuel economy of passenger cars (excluding light trucks and heavy-duty vehicles).

 Drive Cycle FTP for 1 no. of cycle : 

• Now we have changed the driving cycle to FTP and keep the default value of no.of cycle as 1 and run the model as shown below. 

• once we run the model by setting the cycle type it will open the result window as shown below which shows all the results related to the input we have given to the vehicle model

• After result is shown along with the plots, we noted that , EV_defaults_in file model of cargo mass 500 kg can travel a distance of 17.8 km with 1 no's of FTP drive cycle
• From the second fraph i.e., ess_soc_hist graph we noted from the ess_soc_hist graph that state of chrage(SOC) of battery was reduced from 1 to 0.6 (i.e. From 100% to 60%) for 1 no. of drive cycle.Hence, distance travelled for 1 no. of drive cycle FTP is 17.8 km.

 For 2 no's FTP drive cycle : 

After increasing the number of cycles to 2 no's, the distance covered is 35.5 km.from the ess_soc_hist graph the state of chrage(SOC) of battery was reduced from 1.but it has not reached 0 value of SOC which means that the battery is still not fully discharged and still some SOC is left even after 2 no. of drive cycle.

 For 3 no's of driving cycle : 

After increasing the number of cycles to 3 no's, the distance covered is 41.4 km.from the ess_soc_hist graph the state of chrage(SOC) of battery was reduced from 1 to 0.but it has not reached 0 value of SOC which means that the battery is still not fully discharged and still some SOC is left even after 2 no. of drive cycle.

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 Task 2 : In the above case, try changing the battery capacity and repeat the simulation 

In Vehicle Input window, we will change the capacity of the battery from energy storage which will be open in “#of mod V nom” describes the battery capacity, so we will change the module number of batteries from the first box and we will see that changes in voltage and weight of the battery.

• A new Simulation Parameter window will open, here we will change the drive cycle to 2 or 3, one at a time, and run the simulation.
• After completing of simulation, we will see the result window where we observe changes in distance travelled by the vehicle.
• We can repeat this simulation by changing the battery module and the drive cycle.

 CASE 1 - CONDITION 1 : 26 MODULES with 1 no's of FTP drive cycle 

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 CASE 1 - CONDITION 2 : 26 MODULES with 2 no's of FTP drive cycle 

 it is observed that the after changing the Battery modules to 26 for total 2 nos. of FTP Drive cycles, we noted that  total distance covered by vehicle remains constant i.e. 35.5 km 

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CASE 1 - CONDITION 3 : 26 MODULES with 3 no's of FTP drive cycle 

 it is observed that the after changing the Battery modules to 26 for total 3 nos. of FTP Drive cycles, we noted that  total distance covered by vehicle remains constant i.e. 42.7 km 

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 CASE 2 - CONDITION 1 : 27 MODULES with 2 no's of FTP drive cycle 

 it is observed that the after changing the Battery modules to 27 for total 2 nos. of FTP Drive cycles, we noted that  total distance covered by vehicle remains constant i.e. 35.5 km

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 CASE 2 - CONDITION 2 : 27 MODULES with 3 no's of FTP drive cycle 

  it is observed that the after changing the Battery modules to 27 for total 3 nos. of FTP Drive cycles, we noted that  total distance covered by vehicle remains constant i.e. 44.8 km.

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 CASE 3 - CONDITION 1 : 28 MODULES with 2 no's of FTP drive cycle 

   it is observed that the after changing the Battery modules to 28 for total 2 nos. of FTP Drive cycles, we noted that  total distance covered by vehicle remains constant i.e. 35.5 km 

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 CASE 3 - CONDITION 2 : 28 MODULES with 3 no's of FTP drive cycle 

   it is observed that the after changing the Battery modules to 28 for total 3 nos. of FTP Drive cycles, we noted that  total distance covered by vehicle remains constant i.e. 46.3 km So, by increasing the maximum power capacity of battery, the range can be increased. Also, FTP cycle is able to complete 45 km distance.

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 CASE 4 - CONDITION 1 : 29 MODULES with 2 no's of FTP drive cycle 

  it is observed that the after changing the Battery modules to 29 for total 2 nos. of FTP Drive cycles, we noted that  total distance covered by vehicle remains constant i.e. 35.5 km 

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 CASE 4 - CONDITION 2 : 29 MODULES with 3 no's of FTP drive cycle 

 it is observed that the after changing the Battery modules to 29 for total 3 nos. of FTP Drive cycles, we noted that  total distance covered by vehicle remains constant i.e. 47.7 km  So, by increasing the maximum power capacity of battery, the range can be increased. Also, FTP cycle is able to complete 45 km distance.

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Task 3 : Perform gradeability test with PRIUS_Jpn_defaults_in file. Compare your results in a table and conclude.

• We will choose the  PRIUS_Jpn_defaults_in with the help of Loadfile dropdown menu as shown in the image below which loads the japan PRIUS model.

• we will keep the driving cycle as Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) and number of cycle as 1.
• Further, the simulation Parameter window will open & select the gradeability test and click on the grade option box, a new dialogue box will open.with the Grade Test Advanced options, we have to select vehicle input speed 55 in mph and time duration 10 in sec.
• In the grade option box, we can change speed or duration with respect to our simulation. Click on All system enabled.Click Ok and run the simulation and a Result window will open showing different results depend upon input data.
• $\mathrm{It\; is\; found\; put\; that\; t}$

Similarly we will run the simulation for next two times with input of less and greater than the above mentioned speed to study the performance i.e, gradeability and distnace covered

• we have run the model for Speed = 30 $mph$, Time = 10s and found out that the result of gradeability at 30mph or 48.3km/h is 2.5%.

• we have run the model for Speed = 30 $mph$, Time = 10s and found out that the result of gradeability at 75mph or 120.7km/h is 0.6%.

from the below table, it is noted that as soon as input vehicle speed increases, Gradeability(%) decreases gradually.

  CONCLUSION : 

For Q1 : 

• it is concluded that for 3 FTP drive cycle for EV_defaults_in file, the maximum distance covered by the vehicle is 41.4 km.which says that the vehicle following FTP drive cycle cannot cover the distance of 45 km even for 3 cycles as it fall short by 3.6 km. due to insufficient SOC.

For Q2:

• from various test cases whch involves changing the battery capacity for  FTP drive cycle for EV_defaults_in file we required the minimum battery capacity of 28 modules 

FOR Q3 :

• it is concluded that while Performing gradeability test with PRIUS_Jpn_defaults_in file for UDDS cycle, with the increase in vehicle speed , Gradeability(%) decreases gradually.

REF : 

for more information on ADVISOR tool : http://adv-vehicle-sim.sourceforge.net/advisor_ch1.html