Challenge

Drafting of various geometries using Chamfer, Fillet tool in AutoCad

KKrishnadas K Das13 Jun 2021

AIM:

DRAFTING OF VARIOUS GEOMETRIES USING CHAMFER, FILLET TOOLS IN AUTOCAD

INTRODUCTION:

AutoCAD offers various tools to perform different tasks. The various tools which are used for drafting in this project are briefly described here. These tools include: - Modification tools: Chamfer, Fillet, Offset, Rotate, Object snapping, trim and extend, Lengthen, Mirror, and Join.

CHAMFER:

A bevel or chamfer is

An angled line that meets the endpoints of two straight 2D objects.
A sloped transition between two surfaces or adjacent faces on a 3D solid.

The distances and angles that you specify are applied in the order that you select the objects.

Command used: CHAMFER

FILLET

The fillet tool helps form round corners between any two entities that form a sharp vertex.

A round or fillet can be created between two objects of the same or different object types: 2D polylines, arcs, circles, ellipses, elliptical arcs, lines, rays, splines, and xlines.

If the two selected objects are on the same layer, the arc defined is created on that layer. Otherwise, the arc is created on the current layer. The layer affects object properties including colour and line type.

Command used: FILLET

OFFSET

Creates concentric circles, parallel lines, and parallel curves.

Command used: OFFSET.

ROTATE

Used to rotate objects in our drawing around a specified base point. To determine the angle of rotation, we can enter an angle value, drag using the cursor, or specify a reference angle to align to an absolute angle.

Command used: ROTATE

OBJECT SNAP

Object snaps provide a way to specify precise locations on objects whenever you are prompted for a point within a command.

For example, you can use object snaps to create a line from the centre of a circle to the midpoint of another line. The available options are endpoint (end), midpoint (mid), centre (cen), geometric centre (gcen), nearest (nea), quadrant of a circle (quad), intersection, perpendicular, tangent, parallel, extension, apparent intersection, nodes, insertion points

Command used: OS --> Object snap; Shortcut key used: F3

TRIM and EXTENTS

Trims objects to meet the edges of other objects.

Quick Mode. To trim objects, select the objects to be trimmed individually, press and drag to start a freehand selection path, or pick two empty locations to specify a crossing Fence. All objects automatically act as cutting edges. Selected objects that can't be trimmed are deleted instead.

Standard Mode. To trim objects, first select the boundaries and press Enter. Then select the objects to be trimmed. To use all objects as boundaries, press Enter at the first Select Objects prompt.

Command used: TR

Extends objects to meet the edges of other objects. To extend objects, first select the boundaries. Then press Enter and select the objects that you want to extend. To use all objects as boundaries, press Enter at the first Select Objects prompt.

Command used: EX

LENGTHEN

Changes the length of objects and the included angle of arcs.

You can specify changes as a percentage, an increment, or as a final length or angle. LENGTHEN is an alternative to using TRIM or EXTEND

Command used: Lengthen

MIRROR

Create a mirrored copy of selected objects.

We can create objects that represent half of a drawing, select them, and mirror them across a specified line to create the other half

Command used: MIRROR

JOIN

Joins the endpoints of linear and curved objects to create a single object. Combines a series of finite linear and open curved objects at their common endpoints to create a single 2D or 3D object. The type of object that results depends on the types of objects selected, the type of object selected first, and whether the objects are coplanar.

Command used: JOIN

ARC

To create an arc, you can specify combinations of centre, endpoint, start point, radius, angle, chord length, and direction values. Arcs are drawn in a counter clockwise direction by default. Hold down the Ctrl key as you drag to draw in a clockwise direction.

Command used: ARC or A

POINTS

Creates a point object. Point’s objects can act as nodes to which you can snap objects. We can specify 2D and 3D locations for a point. The current elevation is assumed if you omit the Z coordinate value. The PDMODE and PDSIZE system variables control the appearance of point objects.

Command used: POINT/ DPPTYPE (to change the point style).

CONSTRUCTION LINE

Construction lines (also known as xlines) are temporary linework entities that can be used as references when creating and positioning other objects or linework. Construction lines are either circles or straight lines that extend to infinity in both directions.

Command used – XLINE

CIRCLE

Created a circle

Command used - CIRCLE or C

QNS 1) To draft the following geometry using decimal system of units

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is decimal
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point: 1,1 Specify next point: @3, 0 Specify next point:@2.12<45 Specify next point:@2.83<135 Specify next point:@-2,0 Specify next point:@0,-2.5
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point: a Specify next point: @1.5, 0 Specify next point:@0, 1 Specify next point:@0, 1.5
Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: c Specify radius of circle: .60 Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: d Specify radius of circle: .40
After drawing circle delete the lines ab, bc and cd
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using decimal units is completed

QNS 2) TO draft the following geometry using the architectural unit of measurement.

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is Architectural
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point 2, 5. Specify next point: @2’-10<45 Specify next point:@0,1’-9” Specify next point: @-8’,0 Specify next point:@0,-2’5”
Switch on polar tracking of 30,60, 90 Place the curser at 300 degree tracking and type 3’ Now place the curser at 30 degree and type 2’-6”
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using architectural units is completed

QNS 3) TO draft the following geometry using the Engineering unit of measurement.

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is Engineering
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 5’-0.1” Enter the width: 3’-3.0” Specify the other corner.
Type CHA or CHAMFER in the command line and press enter Enter D for Distance Specify first chamfer distance:2’-3.5” Specify second chamfer distance:1’-9” Select the first line ab and second line as bc
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point d Specify next point: @1’-3.0” Specify next point:@1’-6.0”
Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: e Specify diameter of circle: 1’-6.0”
Delete the unwanted lines
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using engineering units is completed

QNS 4) TO draft the following geometry

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is decimal
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point 1,1 Specify next point: @3, 0 Specify next point:@0, -.5 Specify next point:@2.5, 0 Specify next point:@0, 2.5 Specify next point:@-2, 0 Specify next point:@0, 3 Specify next point:@-2.5, 0 Specify next point:@0, -2.5
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point a Specify next point: @0, 3 Specify next point: @1, 0
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using decimal units is completed

QNS 5) TO draft the following geometry

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is decimal
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 3 Enter the width: 6 Specify the other corner.
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point a Specify next point: @1.5, 0 Specify next point: @0, 6
Turn on midpoint in object snap Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: Specify radius of circle: .5 Type O or offset on the command line and press Enter. Specify the value of offset distance:.5 Select the circle to offset and click outside the circle
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 5.5 Enter the width: 6 Specify the other corner. Trim and erase the unwanted lines
Type CO and press enter Select the rectangle abcd and click D for displacement and type @8.5, 0 Specify the base point as a and click enter
Trim and erase the unwanted lines
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using decimal units is completed

QNS 6) TO draft the following geometry

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is decimal
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle as E. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 1.5 Enter the width: .5 Specify the other corner.
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle as E. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: .5 Enter the width: 1.5 Specify the other corner.
Type CO and press enter Select the rectangle EFGH and click D for displacement and type @0, .5 Specify the base point as B and click enter
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point E Specify next point: @0, -.5 Specify next point: @1.5, 0 Specify next point: @0, 1.5 Specify next point: @-.5, 0 Specify next point: @0, -1 Specify next point: @-1, 0
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point E Specify next point: F
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle as B. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: .5 Enter the width: 1.5 Specify the other corner.
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle as B. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 1.5 Enter the width: .5 Specify the other corner.
Type CO and press enter Select the rectangle ABCD and click D for displacement and type @0, .5 Specify the base point as B and click enter
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using decimal units is completed

QNS 7) TO draft the following geometry

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is Decimal
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point L. Specify next point:@0, -100 Specify next point:@210, 0 Specify next point:@0, 75
Type F and press enter Select the first line LO Specify radius as 15 Select the second line as ON and press enter Type F and press enter Select the first line MN Specify radius as 15 Select the second line as MN and press enter
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point L. Specify next point:@70, 0 Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point M. Specify next point:@-50, 0
Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: k Specify radius of circle: 25 Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: j Specify radius of circle: 15
From draw panel select start end radius option from arc menu Specify start point as g Specify end point as h Radius of arc as 35 From draw panel select start end radius option from arc menu Specify start point as i Specify end point as h Radius of arc as 25
Trim of the lines fg and hi
By drawing a line 10 units from top and 20 units from left side. The points intersecting both will be the start point of rectangle Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 70 Enter the width: 30 Specify the other corner.
Type CO and press enter Select the rectangle and click D for displacement and type @100,0 Specify the base point and click enter Using trim command erase of unwanted lines
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point e. Specify next point:0,20 Now draw a line perpendicular to the above line and draw lines starting from a and d respectively
Trim off and erase the unwanted lines.
Type F and press enter Select the first line ab Specify radius as 20 Select the second line as bc and press enter Type F and press enter Select the first line cd Specify radius as 20 Select the second line as bc and press enter
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using decimal units is completed

QNS 8) TO draft the following geometry

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is Decimal
Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: 5, 5 Specify radius of circle: 2
Type O or offset on the command line and press Enter. Specify the value of offset distance:.5 Select the object to offset and click outside of the circle
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point 5, 5. Specify next point:@8.55,0
Type O or offset on the command line and press Enter. Specify the value of offset distance:.9 Select the object to offset and click on top and bottom Close the figure with two lines on both the sides
Trim and erase the top and bottom line Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: a Specify radius of circle: .45 Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: b Specify radius of circle: .45
From draw panel select start end radius option from arc menu Specify start point as c Specify end point as d Radius of arc as .90 From draw panel select start end radius option from arc menu Specify start point as e Specify end point as f Radius of arc as .90
In object snap turn on the tangent Draw line starting from e to the tangent at the top of big circle Draw line starting from f to the tangent at the bottom of big circle Draw line starting from d to the tangent at the top of big circle Draw line starting from c to the tangent at the bottom of big circle
Trim of the unwanted lines to get the geometry
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using decimal units is completed

QNS 9) TO draft the following geometry

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is Engineering
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point 5’, 5’. Specify next point:@32’-6”, 0 Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: 5’ ,5’ Specify radius of circle: 8’ Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: 5’ ,5’ Specify radius of circle: 9’
Type C and press enter Select tan, tan, rad Select first tangent by clicking on top tangent of left circle Select second tangent by clicking on top tangent of right circle Specify radius as 41’-8”
Type C and press enter Select tan, tan, rad Select first tangent by clicking on bottom tangent of left circle Select second tangent by clicking on bottom tangent of right circle Specify radius as 20’-10”
Trim and erase the unwanted parts to get the geometry
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using engineering units is completed

QNS 10) TO draft the following geometry

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is Decimal
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 10 Enter the width: 10 Specify the other corner. Type O or offset on the command line and press Enter. Specify the value of offset distance:.5 Select the object to offset and click inside the rectangle
Type RO and press Enter Select the object: rectangle And rotate it by 45 degree by selecting a base point.
Move the rotated rectangle and place it at the centre. Trim of the additional lines and finally the geometry is complete. The geometry using decimal units is completed

QNS 11) TO draft the following geometry

Procedure for drawing the above figure is as follows:

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit that is Engineering
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point g. Specify next point: @2’-6”, 0 Specify next point:@0, -1’-2” Specify next point:@4’-6”, 0 Specify next point:@0, 4’-6” Specify next point:@3’, 0 Specify next point:@0, 9’
Type MI and press enter Select the mirror objects. Specify the first point of mirror as g Specify the second point at top At Erase source object type N.
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point e. Specify next point: @0, -3’-7” Specify next point:@-8’-7”, 0 Turn on the polar tracking for 30,60,90 degree With d as centre draw a line at an angle of 30 degree till it touches the bottom line and 120 degree towards up and close the figure at f
Type L in the command line and press Enter. Specify the start point c. Specify next point: @0, -2’-8” Specify next point:@6’-7”, 0 Turn on the polar tracking for 45,90,135 degree With d as centre draw a line at an angle of 45 degree till it touches the line and 135 degree towards up and close the figure at c
Delete the unnecessary lines.
Draw a line from b and a so that they will intersect at the centre. Point b is at a distance of 6’-9’ from the top and point a is at the centre of the base line.
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 3’ Enter the width: 3’ Specify the other corner. Type RO and press Enter Select the object: rectangle And rotate it by 45 degree by selecting a base point. Also draw a line as diagonal to the rectangel
Place the rectangle created in the correct place using the diagonal line.
Delete or trim off the unwanted lines to get the final geometry
Give the dimensions as per the drawing using dimension command from the command bar. The geometry using engineering units is completed