Creating a Wardrobe detailed drawing, Floor Plan, Kitchen Layout and Column Detail using AutoCad

AIM:

To create a Wardrobe detailed drawing, Floor Plan, Kitchen Layout and Column Detail using AutoCAD

INTRODUCTION:

The main objective of doing this project is to understand in detail about the various dimensioning tools used. The various tools which are used for doing this project is construction line, offset, fillet, rotate,trim and extents, circle, layers, dimensions

CONSTRUCTION LINE

Construction lines (also known as xlines) are temporary line work entities that can be used as references when creating and positioning other objects or line work. Construction lines are either circles or straight lines that extend to infinity in both directions.

The following prompts are displayed.

Select line work under cursor

Specify the line on which we want to base our construction line.

Enter to select points

1. Specify a point to define the root of the construction line.
2. Specify a second point through which the construction line should pass.

OFFSET

Creates concentric circles, parallel lines, and parallel curves.

Command used: OFFSET.

FILLET

The fillet tool helps form round corners between any two entities that form a sharp vertex.

A round or fillet can be created between two objects of the same or different object types: 2D polylines, arcs, circles, ellipses, elliptical arcs, lines, rays, splines, and xlines.

If the two selected objects are on the same layer, the arc defined is created on that layer. Otherwise, the arc is created on the current layer. The layer affects object properties including colour and line type.

Command used: FILLET

ROTATE

Used to rotate objects in our drawing around a specified base point. To determine the angle of rotation, we can enter an angle value, drag using the cursor, or specify a reference angle to align to an absolute angle.

Command used: ROTATE

TRIM and EXTENTS

Trims objects to meet the edges of other objects.

Quick Mode. To trim objects, select the objects to be trimmed individually, press and drag to start a freehand selection path, or pick two empty locations to specify a crossing Fence. All objects automatically act as cutting edges. Selected objects that can't be trimmed are deleted instead.

Standard Mode. To trim objects, first select the boundaries and press Enter. Then select the objects to be trimmed. To use all objects as boundaries, press Enter at the first Select Objects prompt.

Command used: TR

Extends objects to meet the edges of other objects. To extend objects, first select the boundaries. Then press Enter and select the objects that you want to extend. To use all objects as boundaries, press Enter at the first Select Objects prompt.

Command used: EX

CIRCLE

Created a circle

Command used - CIRCLE or C

LAYERS

Use layers to control the visibility of objects and to assign properties such as colour and line type. Objects on a layer normally assume the properties of that layer. However, you can override any layer property of an object. For example, if an object’s colour property is set to BYLAYER, the object displays the colour of that layer. If the object’s colour is set to Red, the object displays as red, regardless of the colour assigned to that layer.

Command used- LAYER

DIMENSIONS

Creates multiple dimensions and types of dimensions with a single command. We can select objects or points on objects to dimension, and then click to place the dimension line. When we hover over an object, the DIM command automatically generates a preview of a suitable dimension type to use.

Supported dimension types include the following:

• Vertical, horizontal, and aligned linear dimensions
• Ordinate dimensions
• Angular dimensions
• Radius and jogged radius dimensions
• Diameter dimensions
• Arc length dimensions

Some DIM options set a mode of operation that persists until we change it, including

• Baseline linear or baseline angular dimensioning
• Continue linear or continue angular dimensioning
• Radius, diameter, jogged radius, or arc length dimensions

Some DIM options provide methods to edit dimensions including

• Align the dimension lines of selected dimensions to a reference or base dimension
• Offset the dimension lines of selected dimensions
• Specify a different layer for subsequently created dimensions

First extension line origin

Creates a linear dimension when you specify two points.

Angular

Creates an angular dimension showing the angle between three points by or the angle between two lines (same as the DIMANGULAR command).

• Vertex. Specifies the point to use as the vertex of an angular dimension.
• Specify first side of angle. Specifies one of the lines that defines the angle.
• Specify second side of angle. Specifies the other line that defines the angle.
• Angular dimension location. Specifies the quadrant and location for the arc dimension line.
• Mtext. Edits the dimension text with the Text Editor contextual tab.
• Text. Edits the dimension text in the Command window.
• Text angle. Specifies the angle of the dimension text.
• Undo. Returns to the previous prompt.

Baseline

Creates a linear, angular, or ordinate dimension from the first extension line of the previous or selected dimension (same as the DIMBASELINE command).

Note: By default, the last created dimension is used as the base dimension.

• First extension line origin. Specifies the first extension line of the base dimension as the extension line origin for the baseline dimension.
• Second extension line origin. Specifies the next edge or angle to dimension.
• Feature Location. Uses the endpoint of the base dimension (ordinate dimension) as the endpoint for the baseline dimension.
• Select. Prompts you select a linear, ordinate, or angular dimension to use as the base for the baseline dimension.
• Offset. Specifies the offset distance from which the baseline dimensions are created.
• Undo. Undoes the last baseline dimension created.

Continue

Creates a linear, angular, or ordinate dimension from the second extension line of a selected dimension (same as the DIMCONTINUE command).

• First extension line origin. Specifies the first extension line of the base dimension as the extension line origin for the continued dimension.
• Second extension line origin. Specifies the next edge or angle to dimension.
• Feature location. Uses the endpoint of the base dimension (ordinate dimension) as the endpoint for the continued dimension.
• Select. Prompts you select a linear, ordinate, or angular dimension to use as the base for the continued dimension.
• Undo. Undoes the last baseline dimension created.

Ordinate

Creates an ordinate dimension (same as DIMORDINATE command).

• Feature location. Prompts for a point on a feature such as an endpoint, intersection, or center of an object.
• Leader endpoint. Uses the difference between the feature location and the leader endpoint to determine whether it is an X or a Y ordinate dimension. If the difference in the Y ordinate is greater, the dimension measures the X ordinate. Otherwise, it measures the Y ordinate.
• Xdatum. Measures the X ordinate and determines the orientation of the leader line and dimension text.
• Ydatum. Measures the Y ordinate and determines the orientation of the leader line and dimension text.
• Mtext. Displays the Text Editor contextual tab, which you can use to edit the dimension text.
• Text. Customizes the dimension text at the Command prompt. The generated dimension is displayed within angle brackets.
• Angle. Specifies the angle of the dimension text.
• Undo. Returns to the previous prompt.
• Undo. Returns to the previous prompt.

Align

Aligns multiple parallel, concentric, or same datum dimensions to a selected base dimension.

• Base dimension. Specifies a dimension to use as basis for the dimensions alignment.
• Dimensions to align. Selects the dimensions to align to the selected base dimension.

Distribute

Specifies the method on how to distribute a group of selected isolated linear or ordinate dimensions.

• Equal. Equally distributes all selected dimensions. This method requires a minimum of three dimension lines.
• Offset. Distributes all selected dimensions at a specified offset distance.

Layer

Assigns new dimensions to the specified layer, overriding the current layer. Enter Use Current or " . " to use the current layer. (DIMLAYER system variable)

Undo

Reverses the last dimension operation.

The following options are displayed when you place a dimension in such a way that it overlaps an existing dimension.

Move away

Arranges the existing dimension and the newly inserted dimension into a baseline dimension type.

Break up

Splits up the existing dimension into two dimensions, and arranges those dimensions into a continued dimension type.

Replace

Deletes the existing dimension and replaces it with the one you insert.

None

Inserts the new dimension on top of the existing dimension.

Qns 1) Draw the elevation and details of a wardrobe as shown in the Figure below. After sketching, you need to provide the dimensions and text with the use of layers. Use proper text styles and dimension methods to document it. Also, assume dimensions, wherever needed.

Note: All dimensions are in mm.

Complete procedure to draw the elevation and details of a wardrobe are as given below.

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select decimal Now the lower limit is set to 0, 0 and upper limit to 10000, 10000 Type Z enter to zoom and A enter to all
First the plan is drawn using line command. Type L and press enter Specify the first point:(0,0) Specify the next point: @2800,0 Specify the next point: @0,630 Specify the next point: @-2800,0 Specify the next point: C Type O or offset on the command line and press Enter. Specify the value of offset distance:20 Select the line to offset and click inside it
Type O or offset on the command line and press Enter. Specify the value of offset distance:1223 Select the line to offset and click outside it Similar way offset is done for 20 and 1220 as shown in figure
Using the Trim command the unwanted lines are trimmed off and the resulting image is obtained
A rectangle in the shape of L is created on the plan and hatch is applied to it Type H and press enter, the required pattern is selected, and the the transparency is made to 85% and the area to be hatched is selected. After hatching delete the rectangles
Now by keeping on the polar tracking at 45 degree lines are dawn  and using the start end direction option in arcs the arcs are created and the obtained image is follows
Using the Dimlin command the first dimension is marked and by using dimcontinue command the rest of the dimensions is made
Using single line text the texts required are made and the final image of plan is as follows
Next the front elevation was plotted in order to do that the lines from the plans were extended to get the correct position of the lines and the corresponding image was plotted based on the dimensions given in question.
Now using the line command cross bracings was given and as per the question.
Now hatch is applied to it Type H and press enter, the required pattern is selected, and then the transparency is made to 85% and the area to be hatched is selected.
Using the Dimlin command the first dimension is marked and by using dimcontinue command the rest of the dimensions is made
Using single line text the texts required are made and the final image of front elevation is as follows
The carcase elevation is drawn next, it has the same outline as that of front elevation and its base drawing was copied to begin with.
Using the line and offset  command the legs of wardrobe was created and the resultant image is as follows.
Using the rectangle, arc, lines, offset commands the internal detailing was done with transparency value of 70. Hatching was also done at the side as required.
Using the Dimlin command the first dimension is marked and by using dimcontinue command the rest of the dimensions is made
Using single line text the texts required are made and the final image of carcase elevation is as follows
Next the side elevation was drawn. For that a rectangle of size 630x2600 was created, and an offset of 20 was made on the rectangle. As per plan using the line command the lines was drawn and the resultant image is as follows
Hatching was provided next as required and as provided in the question and transparency was set to 85
Using the Dimlin command the first dimension is marked and by using dimcontinue command the rest of the dimensions is made
Using single line text the texts required are made and the final image of side elevation is as follows
Next section 1 was drawn, it has the same outline as that of side elevation and that was used for starting and using the line command the necessary lines was drawn and offsetted to get the following figure
Hatching was provided next as required and as provided in the question and transparency was set to 85
Using the Dimlin command the first dimension is marked and by using dimcontinue command the rest of the dimensions is made
Using single line text the texts required are made and the final image of section 1 is as follows
Next the section 2 was drawn by creating a rectangle of size 365x2600 and is offsetted at required places by 20. Using the line command the required lines as plotted as in the question.
Using the Dimlin command the first dimension is marked.
Using single line text the texts required are made and the final image of section 2 is as follows
The entire drawing is now complete and the resultant image of the finished drawing is as shown above.

QNS 2) Draw the floor plan as shown in the Figure. Use the proper drafting tools to sketch the plan. Do not hatch or draw the furniture. You need to draw the floor plan with the following:

Note: You can also import the Floor_Plan.pdf into your current drawing and start working on the project. You need to scale the imported pdf file using reference option. All dimensions are in mm.

1. Walls (Exterior and Interior)

       Wall Thickness: Exterior Wall- 230mm, Interior Wall: 150 mm (Wherever Required)

1. Doors and Windows: Assume the size of the doors and window.

    2.1 Stairs: Tread-300mm, Riser-150mm

1. Insert Text wherever required
2. Insert the dimensions using proper dimension techniques

The complete procedure to draw the floor plan is as given below

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select decimal Now the lower limit is set to 0,0 and upper limit to 7500, 7500 Type Z enter to zoom and A enter to all
Step 1) External walls Using the construction line command XL horizontal and vertical lines was created. As the thickness of external walls is 230, an offset of 230 was created both vertically and horizontally. The edges and corners are trimmed off or filleted. The vertical and horizontal construction lines are again offsetted, trimmed or filleted to get the external walls as per the plan and the following image was obtained.   Now all the external walls are completed.
Step 2: Interior walls  According to the plan the internal walls are drafted and the thickness of internal walls is taken as 150. The edges and corners after trimming or filleting the following image is obtained
Step 3: openings Now using the trim command all the openings in interior and exterior walls was made for doors or for steps and the resultant image obtained is as follows.
Step 4: Doors and windows   Now using the line, circle, trim and offset tool doors of different sizes was drawn and by using the line tool and object snapping the windows was drawn and the following image is obtained
Step 5: staircase steps and dotted lines   Now using the line and offset tool staircase and steps was drafted first. The dotted lines was also drawn as shown in figure
Step 6: Texts Now using the MTEXT command the texts was made and the following image is obtained.
Step 7: Dimensions Now using the Dimlin the dimensions was plotted and the following image is obtained
The print view of the Residential plan was drafted using AutoCAD is as shown

QNS 3) Create the Kitchen Layout as shown in the Figure below. Also, use proper dimension techniques to dimension the kitchen layout. Also, insert text wherever required. All dimensions are in mm.

The complete procedure to create the kitchen layout is as follows

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select decimal Now the lower limit is set to 0,0 and upper limit to 15000, 15000 Type Z enter to zoom and A enter to all
First of all the below counter plan was drawn. For that  a rectangle of size 4734x3688 was created and an offset of 250 was taken to the inside of rectangle. Then a line was drawn from both sides at a distance of 600 mm.
A rectangle of width 35 is drawn at 3 corners inorder to separate between the kitchen walls and the counter. Now using the line command all the cabinets was drawn as per the plan given.
The circle command ws used to plot the hob line,arc and circle command was used to zinc at top corner and the snack counter was drawn using the dotted lines.
Door opening and doors was placed next and the components inside the walls was drawn as shown. This was done using line, offset and circle command
Now hatching was done with required solid and pattern styles and was set to a transparency to 75.
Now all the dimensions was plotted and all the text was plotted as required and the final image of below counter plan is as follows
The above counter plan was next plotted. The outline of this plan is way too similar to below counter plan only the difference is the size of counters. After drawing the counters, dimensioning and text placing was done and the final image of above kitchen plan is as follows

QNS 4) Sketch the column details as shown in Figure. Insert dimensions and text in the figure. Refer to the bar sizes from the schedule.

8mm ---- 0.31 Inches

25mm--- 1 inches

16mm—0.62 inches

The complete procedure for drawing the column schedule is as follows.

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select the desired unit: Engineering. And then the upper and lower limits was set
STEP 1) To draw the columns Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 24” Enter the width: 24” Specify the other corner. Type O or offset on the command line and press Enter. Specify the value of offset distance:1.5” Select the rectangle to offset and click inside it.
Turn on ortho mode. Draw a line connecting the centre of rectangles in both horizontal and vertically Type DIV and press enter Select the centre line drawn Specify the number of segemnts as 4 and press enter.
A circle of 1”  and .62" diameter is drawn and is now placed at the respective places as per the figure and was then hatched Using the same steps the other two column details was plotted.
STEP 2) Table creation Now using the line command  a  table was created  based on the question Type DTEXT and press enter Specify the location to type text Select rotation angle to o degree and start typing
Now the above table is copied and placed  and the above step is repeated.
Now the above column is copied and placed   and the above step is repeated.   Column scheduling is now completed and the final resultant figure is as given

QNS 5) Q 5. Draw the Raft Layout as shown in the Figure. Assume the column size as per your knowledge. You can take the sizes as: 24”x24”, 9” x 24”, 9” x 18”, and 9’ x 24”. You can import the raft_foundation.pdf to ensure the missing dimensions.

Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select Archetectural Now the lower limit is set to 0,0 and upper limit to 100', 100' Type Z enter to zoom and A enter to all
A rectangle b 297'5"x60' b long dash short dash dotted line was selected and the folllowing grid lines was drawn as per the dimension given in plan
Now using the rectangle command the different sized columns was plotted as per the plan. The various column sizes is as follows: 24"x24", 9"x24", 9"x18, and 9"x30
Next the 9" thick brickwall at the bottom of the plan was drawn using the line and offset command.
Now, by using the line command the footings of all the columns was drawn as shown.
The hatching was done to the columns as required.
Dimensioning was completed next properly and neatly
All the text required was created using the sinle line text and a few of them was rotated to 90 degree as required

RESULTS

1.The elevation and details of a wardrobe was drawn as below.

2.The floor plan was drawn with proper dimensioning and as follows

3. The kitchen outlet was drafted as follows.

4. The column details was plotted as shown below

5. The raft layout was drawn as follows