Creating a Residence Layout, Seating plan, Toilet and Utility room plan using AutoCad
AIM:
To Create a Residence Layout, Seating plan, Toilet and Utility room plan using AutoCAD
INTRODUCTION:
AutoCAD offers various tools to perform different tasks. The various tools which are used for drafting in this project are briefly described here. These tools include: - Construction line, fillet, trim and extent, offset, layers, circle, rotate etc.
CONSTRUCTION LINE
Construction lines (also known as xlines) are temporary line work entities that can be used as references when creating and positioning other objects or line work. Construction lines are either circles or straight lines that extend to infinity in both directions.
The following prompts are displayed.
Select line work under cursor
Specify the line on which we want to base our construction line.
Enter to select points
- Specify a point to define the root of the construction line.
- Specify a second point through which the construction line should pass.
OFFSET
Creates concentric circles, parallel lines, and parallel curves.
Command used: OFFSET.
FILLET
The fillet tool helps form round corners between any two entities that form a sharp vertex.
A round or fillet can be created between two objects of the same or different object types: 2D polylines, arcs, circles, ellipses, elliptical arcs, lines, rays, splines, and xlines.
If the two selected objects are on the same layer, the arc defined is created on that layer. Otherwise, the arc is created on the current layer. The layer affects object properties including colour and line type.
Command used: FILLET
ROTATE
Used to rotate objects in our drawing around a specified base point. To determine the angle of rotation, we can enter an angle value, drag using the cursor, or specify a reference angle to align to an absolute angle.
Command used: ROTATE
TRIM and EXTENTS
Trims objects to meet the edges of other objects.
Quick Mode. To trim objects, select the objects to be trimmed individually, press and drag to start a freehand selection path, or pick two empty locations to specify a crossing Fence. All objects automatically act as cutting edges. Selected objects that can't be trimmed are deleted instead.
Standard Mode. To trim objects, first select the boundaries and press Enter. Then select the objects to be trimmed. To use all objects as boundaries, press Enter at the first Select Objects prompt.
Command used: TR
Extends objects to meet the edges of other objects. To extend objects, first select the boundaries. Then press Enter and select the objects that you want to extend. To use all objects as boundaries, press Enter at the first Select Objects prompt.
Command used: EX
CIRCLE
Created a circle
Command used - CIRCLE or C
LAYERS
Use layers to control the visibility of objects and to assign properties such as colour and line type. Objects on a layer normally assume the properties of that layer. However, you can override any layer property of an object. For example, if an object’s colour property is set to BYLAYER, the object displays the colour of that layer. If the object’s colour is set to Red, the object displays as red, regardless of the colour assigned to that layer.
Command used- LAYER
QNS 1) To draft the residence layout using the AutoCAD
The procedure for drafting the above plan is as given below
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Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select architectural Now the lower limit is set to 0’,0’ and upper limit to 75’, 75' Type Z enter to zoom and A enter to all |
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STEP 1: Exterior walls To create a Layer In the Layer Properties Manager, click New Layer. A layer name is added to the layer list. Enter a new layer name as external wall by typing over the highlighted layer name. Select a suitable colour for that layer Using the construction line command XL horizontal and vertical lines was created. As the thickness of external walls is 9’, an offset of 9’ was created both vertically and horizontally. The edges and corners are trimmed off or filleted to get the following image |
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The horizontal outer line is offsetted to a distance of 43’-65”. This line is again offsetted to a distance of 9’ that is the wall thickness |
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The vertical outer line is offsetted to a distance of 25’. This line is again offsetted to a distance of 9’ that is the wall thickness The edges and corners are trimmed off or filleted to get the following image |
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The vertical and horizontal construction lines are again offsetted, trimmed or filleted to get the external walls as per the plan and the following image was obtained. Now all the external walls are completed. |
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Step 2: Interior walls A new layer is now created, named as internal walls and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default According to the plan the internal walls are drafted and the thickness of internal walls is taken as 4.5’. The edges and corners after trimming or filleting the following image is obtained |
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Step 3: staircase A new layer is now created, named as staircase and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the line and offset tool staircase was drafted and the following image is obtained |
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Step 4: Kitchen slab A new layer is now created, named as kitchen slab and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the offset tool kitchen slab was drawn and the following image is obtained |
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Step 5: Doors A new layer is now created, named as doors and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the line, circle, trim and offset tool doors of different sizes was drawn and the following image is obtained |
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Step 6: Windows A new layer is now created, named as windows and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the line tool and object snapping the windows was drawn and the following image is obtained |
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Step 7: Cupboard A new layer is now created, named as cupboard and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the rectangle and offset tool the cupboard was drawn and the following image is obtained |
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Step 7: Dimensions A new layer is now created, named as dimensions and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the Dimlin the dimensions was plotted and the following image is obtained |
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Step 7: texts A new layer is now created, named as texts and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the MTEXT command the texts was made and the following image is obtained. |
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The details of all layers created is shown here Residential plan was drafted using AutoCAD |
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QNS 2) To draft the seating plan given below using AutoCAD
The step by step guidance for drafting the seating plan is as given below
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Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select decimal Now the lower limit is set to 0,0 and upper limit to 2500, 2500 Type Z enter to zoom and A enter to all |
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Draw 2 circles of radius-1398 mm and 452 mm with common radius. Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: 10,10 Specify radius of circle: 1398 Type C and press enter Specify centre point of circle: 10,10 Specify radius of circle: 452 |
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From the centre divide the circle into 4 quadrants by keeping the ortho mode on using the line command |
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To create the chair, first draw a rectangle of size 500x200 mm Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. Enter D for Dimensions. Enter the length: 200 Enter the width: 500 Specify the other corner. |
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Fillet both the corners of one side of rectangle at a radius of 50mm Type F and press enter Select the first line Specify radius as 50 Select the second line and press enter Type F and press enter Select the first line Specify radius as 50 Select the second line and press enter |
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Now draw an arc using the start, end radius command From draw panel select start end radius option from arc menu Specify start point Specify end point Radius of arc as 250
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Trim of the unwanted lines and offset at a distance of 50 mm is made as the chair handle Type O or offset on the command line and press Enter. Specify the value of offset distance:50 Select the arc to offset and click outside the arc two times And the end of arcs are closed using line at last
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Now a rectangle is drawn at both ends of dimension 100x50 mm. |
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Now using the copy command the chairs was copied and placed once Using the rotate command one chair is rotated 90 degree. Using mirror command both the chairs were mirrored and by keeping the source object Now these four chairs are placed in a layer and a suitable colour is allotted to them. |
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Now using the move command the chairs was placed on the quadrant lines which was made earlier centrally. Trim off the quadrant lines after placing the chairs Now dimensions was provided and layers was applied whenever needed. The seating plan was drafted using the Autocad |
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QNS 3) To draft the toilet and utility room given below using AutoCAD
The step by step guidance for drafting the toilet and utility room is as given below
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Type UN and press enter Under Drawing Units, select decimal Now the lower limit is set to 0,0 and upper limit to 2500, 2500 Type Z enter to zoom and A enter to all |
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STEP 1: Exterior walls To create a Layer In the Layer Properties Manager, click New Layer. A layer name is added to the layer list. Enter a new layer name as external wall by typing over the highlighted layer name. Select a suitable colour for that layer Using the construction line, offset, trim and fillet tool the external walls was drawn as per the plan and a thickness of 300 mm was provided for these walls |
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Step 2: Interior walls A new layer is now created, named as internal walls and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default According to the plan the internal walls are drafted using the construction lines,offset, trim and fillet tool and the thickness of internal walls is taken as 150 mm. The edges and corners after trimming or filleting the following image is obtained |
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Step 5: Doors A new layer is now created, named as doors and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the line, circle, trim and offset tool doors of different sizes was drawn and the following image is obtained |
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Step 6: Windows A new layer is now created, named as windows and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the line tool and object snapping on the windows was drawn and the following image is obtained |
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Step 5: ventilation A new layer is now created, named as ventilation and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the line tool ventilation was drawn and the following image is obtained |
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Step 6: Duct A new layer is now created, named as duct and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the line and rectangle tool ducts was drawn and the following image is obtained |
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Step 7: Blocks A new layer is now created, named as blocks and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Pre-existing block drawing of wash basin and toilet was placed at the correct places and the following image is obtained |
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Step 7: Dimensions A new layer is now created, named as dimensions and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the Dimlin the dimensions was plotted and the following image is obtained |
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Step 7: texts A new layer is now created, named as texts and a suitable colour is selected and this layer is made as the default Now using the MTEXT all the texts was made and the following image is obtained. |
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The toilet and utility room was drafted in AutoCAD and the details of layers is given |
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RESULTS
A Residence Layout, Seating plan, Toilet and Utility room plan was created using AutoCAD