Consistency of units in LS-Dyna
AIM:
To write the given measurements in different system of units. Also, to prepare consistent unit system table for different unit system
EXPLANATION:
Fundamental Quantities: These quantities are are independent of any other quantity. It includes mass, time and length.
Derived Quantities: All the quantities which can be derived from fundamental quantities are known as derived quantities. Example includes pressure units, force units, density units etc.
The calculation shown below establishes the conversion from SI units to mm,gm and ms. (millimeteres, grams and milliseconds)
1. Mass conversion from kg to mg
1kg = 1000 grams
⇒ 1kg =`10^3`grams
2. Length conversion from m to mm
1m = 1000 millimetres
⇒ 1m =`10^3`mm
3. Time conversion from s to ms
1s = 1000 milliseconds
⇒ 1s =`10^3`ms
4. Force units conversion from SI units to mm,ms and grams
Force = 1N = 1 `kg*m/s^2`
⇒`1*10^3*10^3/(10^3)^2` `gm*(mm)/(ms^2)`
⇒ 1N = 1 `gm*(mm)/(ms^2)`
5. Stress units conversion from SI units to mm,ms and grams
Stress = 1Pa = `1N/m^2` = `1*kg*m/(s^2*m^2)` = `1*(kg)/(m*s^2)`
⇒`1*10^3/(10^3*(10^3)^2)` `(gm)/(mm*ms^2)`
⇒ 1Pa = `10^-6``(gm)/(mm*ms^2)`
6. Energy units conversion from SI units to mm,ms and grams
Energy = 1J = `1*kg*m^2/s^2`
⇒ `1*10^3*(10^3)^2/(10^3)^2` `1*gm*(mm)^2/(ms)^2`
⇒ 1J = `1*gm*(mm)^2/(ms)^2`
7. Density units conversion from SI units to mm,ms and grams
Density = `1*(kg)/(m^3)`
⇒ `1*10^3/(10^3)^3` `1*(gm)/(mm^3)`
⇒ `1*(kg)/(m^3)` = `10^-6``(gm)/(mm^3)`
8. YOUNG'S Modulus 210GPa units conversion mm,ms and grams
1 GPa = `10^9` Pa
⇒ 210 GPa = `210*10^9` Pa
⇒ 1Pa = `10^-6``(gm)/(mm*ms^2)`
⇒ `210*10^9` Pa = `210*10^9*10^-6` `(gm)/(mm*ms^2)`
⇒ 210 GPa = `210*10^3 (gm)/(mm*ms^2)`
9. Velocity 56.33KMPH units conversion to mm,ms and grams
⇒ 1 hour = 3600 seconds and 1 km = 1000 metres
⇒ 56.33 KMPH = `56.33*1000/3600 m/s`
⇒ 56.33 KMPH = `15.65 m/s`
⇒ `1*(m)/s = 10^3/10^3 (mm)/(ms) = 1 (mm)/(ms)`
⇒ 56.33 KMPH = `15.65 (mm)/(ms)`
10. GRAVITY 9.8m/s2 units conversion to mm,ms and grams
⇒ `9.8 m/(s^2) = 9.8 * (10^3)/(10^3)^2 (mm)/(ms)^2`
⇒ `9.8 m/(s^2) = 9.8 *10^-3 (mm)/(ms)^2`
Note: 1 slug = 14.5939 kg
| Unit System | Mass | Length | Time | Force | Stress | Energy | Density | Young's Modulus (210 GPa) | Velocity (56.33 Kmph) | Gravity |
| kg m s | 1kg | 1m | 1s |
1N = 1 kg*m/`s^2` |
1Pa = 1 N/`m^2` |
1J = `1*kg*m^2/s^2` | `1*(kg)/(m^3)` | `210*10^9` N/`m^2` | 15.647 m/s | 9.8 m/`s^2` |
| kg cm ms | 1 kg | `10^2 cm` | `10^3 ms` | `10^-4` kg*cm/`ms^2` |
`10^-8` kg/`(cm*ms^2)` |
`10^-2` `kg*(cm^2)/(ms^2)` | `10^-6 (kg)/(cm^3)` | 2100`(kg)/(cm*ms^2)` | 1.5647 cm/ms | `9.8*10^-4 (cm)/(ms^2)` |
| kg cm s | 1 kg | `10^2 cm` | 1s | `10^2` kg*cm/`s^2` |
`10^-2` kg/`(cm*s^2)` |
`10^4` `kg*(cm^2)/s^2` | `10^-6 (kg)/(cm^3)` | `210*10^7``(kg)/(cm*s^2)` | 1564.7 cm/s | `9.8*10^2(cm)/(s^2)` |
| gm mm ms | `10^3 gm` | `10^3 mm` | `10^3 ms` | `1` gm*mm/`ms^2` | `10^-6` gm/`(mm*ms^2)` | `10^3` `gm*(mm^2)/(ms^2)` | `10^-6 (gm)/(mm^3)` | `210*10^3``(gm)/(mm*ms^2)` | 15.647 mm/ms | `9.8*10^-3 (mm)/(ms^2)` |
| gm cm s | `10^3 gm` | `10^2 cm` | 1s | `10^5` gm*cm/`s^2` | `10` gm/`(cm*s^2)` | `10^7` `gm*(cm^2)/s^2` | `10^-3 (gm)/(cm^3)` | `210*10^10``(gm)/(cm*s^2)` | 1564.7 cm/s | `9.8*10^2 (cm)/(s^2)` |
| gm cm us | `10^3 gm` | `10^2 cm` | `10^6 mus` | `10^-7` kg*cm/`mus^2` | `10^-11` gm/`(cm*mus^2)` | `10^-5` `gm*(cm^2)/(mus^2)` | `10^-3 (gm)/(cm^3)` | `2.1``(gm)/(cm*mus^2)` | `15.647*10^-4`cm/`mus` | `9.8*10^-10 (cm)/(mus^2)` |
| g mm s | `10^3 gm` | `10^3 mm` | 1s | `10^6` gm*mm/`s^2` | `1` gm/`(mm*s^2)` | `10^9` `gm*(mm^2)/s^2` | `10^-6 (gm)/(mm^3)` | `210*10^11``(gm)/(mm*s^2)` | 15647 mm/s | `9.8*10^3 (mm)/(s^2)` |
| ton mm s | `10^-3`ton | `10^3 mm` | 1s | `1` ton*mm/`s^2` | `10^-6` ton/`(mm*s^2)` | `10^3` ton*`mm^2`/`s^2` | `10^-12`ton/`(mm^3)` | `210*10^3`ton/`(mm*s^2)` | 15647 mm/s | `9.8*10^3 (mm)/(s^2)` |
| slug ft s | 0.068 slug | 3.28 ft | 1s | 0.224 slug*ft/`s^2` | 0.0208 slug/`(ft*s^2)` | `0.736` `slug*(ft^2)/s^2` | `1.93*10^-3 (slug)/(ft^3)` | `4.368*10^9``(slug)/(ft*s^2)` | 51.322 ft/s | 32.144 ft/`s^2` |
| kg mm s | 1 kg | `10^3 mm` | 1s | `10^3` kg*mm/`s^2` | `10^-3` kg/`(mm*s^2)` | `10^6` `kg*(mm^2)/s^2` | `10^-9 (kg)/(mm^3)` | `210*10^6``(kg)/(mm*s^2)` | 15647 mm/s | `9.8*10^3 (mm)/(s^2)` |
| g cm ms | `10^3 gm` | `10^2 cm` | `10^3 ms` | `10^-1` g*cm/`ms^2` | `10^-5` gm/`(cm*ms^2)` | `10` `g*(cm^2)/(ms^2)` | `10^-3 (gm)/(cm^3)` | `210*10^4``(gm)/(cm*ms^2)` | 1.5647 cm/ms | `9.8*10^-4 (cm)/(ms^2)` |
| kg mm ms | 1 kg | `10^3 mm` | `10^3 ms` | `10^-3` kg*mm/`ms^2` | `10^-9` kg/`(mm*ms^2)` | `1` `kg*(mm^2)/(ms^2)` | `10^-9 (kg)/(mm^3)` | `210``(kg)/(mm*ms^2)` | 15.647 mm/ms | `9.8*10^-3 (mm)/(ms^2)` |
INFERENCE: Since LS-Dyna does not have any unit system settings, the user must be able to maintain the consistency of the units by properly converting them so that the simulation becomes error free.