Project 2_Creating a 3D rendered model for a Residential Building in AutoCad

CREATING A 3D RENDERED MODEL FOR A RESIDEMTIAL BUILDING IN AUTOCAD

 

AIM: To creat a 3 Dimensional model of the residential building with a rendered view in AutoCAD.

Introduction: 

Isometric drawing: 

1. These drawings are not actual 3D drawings, they are made with 2D geometries but they appear like.  Isometric drawing in AutoCAD can be made by tilting viewing angle to 30 degree for all of its sides in the 2D plane.Isometric drawing can bow be easily created using the isodraft option in AutoCAD which enables us to switch between the planes. In AutoCAD, 3D modelling can be used to draw the isometric view of diffrent elements.

Rendering AutoCAD:

1. Rendering is a process of creating a raster image based on 3D object in a scene. A renderer is used to calculate the appearace of the material attached to the object in a scene, and how lighting and shadows are calculated based on the lights plaved in a scene.
2. Environmental and exposure settings can be adjusted to control the final redered image.  The basic rendering workflow is to attach materials to the 3D objects of a model, place user defined light, add a background and start the renderer with the RENDER Command.
3. Light and materials cna be added to a 3D moderl before a photorealistic image is rendered.
4. Rendering quality can be changed bu using the cameras, sunlight different tyupes of lights like point light, spot light, distant light etc.
5. A realistics rendering of a 3D  model give a clearer vision of a conceptual desing than a plotted drawing.
6. The basic rendering workflow is to attach materials to the 3D objects of a model, place user defined lights, add a background and start the renderer with the RENDER command.

 Initially To devolop an architectural 2D plan and 3D plan various commands used include:

1. Xline or Construction line: This is used to draw infinite lines which are very much essential in developing sections and elevation.
2. Line: Used to draw different entities like walls windows etc.
3. Offset: This command also used ectensively to develop walls; for external walls an offset of 9' andf internal walls of 4.5' is taken.
4. Trim: This tools is used to remove or erase the unwanted line.
5. Extend: It is used to extend a line to joint the edge of another line or opposite line.
6. Mirror: This tool is used to mirror/flip an object.
7. Hatch: This tool is used to provide the approriate hatching to defferent portions like brick walls, concrete lintels etc.,
8. Fillet: This tool is very much essential in developing corners wherer the radius can be provided as 0.
9. Layer: This enable sus to assign different properties to different entities in a very easy way.
10. Block: This feature is useing for any kind of material like furnitures, door, window etc., are creat with differend size and  to insert the wherever its need in the plan form directly taken in the Blocks.
11. Annotation: In this command are used for mention the Text and Dimension of the plan. 
12. Rotate
13. Move
14. Extrude
15. 3D rotate
16. UCS
17. 3D Orbit and etc.,,

 The following dimensions are used for in the plan:

• External wall: 230 mm
• Internal wall: 150 mm
• For stair case: Treads: 300
• Reise: 150 mm

Assumed Dimension are:

Window:  

• W1- 900 x 1200
• W2- 1200 x 1200
• W3- 1800 x 1200
• V- 400 x 400

Door:

• D- 1050 x 2100
• D1- 900 x 2100
• D2- 800 x 2100

:- ALL DIMENSIONS ARE 'MM'

 

  ******************************************************************

 

 Procedure:

• Open Autocad aplication from my desktop 
• And change to 3D modelling int he setting  and change the workspcae to 3D modelling
• Clik file menu to creat NEW PAGE
• Select default setting as  Metric
• In default settin click on use a wizard and in that advance setting and set unit as Decimal, Engineering or Decimal etc.,  and precision as 0 and press Next
• Set Angle as Decimal Degree and precision as 0 and click next
• Set Angle Measure as EAST and press next
• Set area by providing  what we need as per our plan
• Press finish
• Keep Orthp, Object snap> on
• Keep Snap and grid >off
• Enter

Step to draw the plan:

• Initially creat the layer with colour for define the separate object of the drawing The following layer properties are used in in the 2D and 3D Isometeric plan 

• Slection of layer:

  • Click on layer properties
  • Clicl new layer
  • Give the layer name > 3D model
  • Turn the layer ON
  • Set unlock
  • Select layer colour > green
  • Smilarly use this above process to provide the layer
  • The layers which are assigned are shown in below
• 
• Above the layer properties' are used for follwing 2D and 3D diagram
• Take Rectangle command
• Specify the first corner point @ anywhere
• Specify the other corner point @10670,1800
• Now take offset command for draw the inner wall 
• Specify the offset distacne : 230 mm
• Now take explode command to split the line
• Select the object to explode > Enter
• As same commands , line command and  offset , trim  command are used by the follwong out line of the plan are created as given below diagram
• To creat window:
• Tke a line command
• Draw the line whatever we need windown on the plan 
• the offset the line as beside the wall thickness of 230 mm or 150 mm then useing offset command to offset the window length for requirted size
• Then center line are drawn by using line command as shown in the below diagram
• 
• To draw the staircase:
• Stair Tread : 300 mmRiser 150mm and Widh of the stair is 900 mm
• Above the value of the stair  to drawn by using Line, offset command and trim command 
• To Creat Text and  Dimention by using Annotation command
• The properties of Line and Arrow, Text height , style are given below
• 
• 
• Now Marking the dimension by using Annotation as given below figure
• 
• 
• After creat the plan Now to hatch the wall and Lwan area as the type like grass and flower etc.,
• The follwoing hating properties are used to this plan 
• Wall:
• 
• Grass:
• 
• 
• Here flower are taken from the BLOCK command
• Hence finally created the Groubd floor plan as shown in below
• 
• Similarly i drafted the First floor plan as above the Ground floor plan procedure by using Line command, trim , offset, and annotation , Hatching command  
• Here the First floor plan i shown in below 
• 

 

 

To creat the 3D Isomentric View plan And Rendering:

• Select workspace switching > 3D Modeling 
• Select visual comtrol 2d wireframe 
• Use the 3D orbut commnand to set it in proper position

Slection of layer:

• Click on layer properties
• Clicl new layer
• Give the layer name > 3D model
• Turn the layer ON
• Set unlock
• Select layer colour > green
• Smilarly use this above process to provide the layer
• The layers which are assigned are shown in below
• 

 

Step to draw 3D Model :

To creat grounD floor weall :

• Initially i copy the ground floor plan
• 
• Then I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude
• Enter the height of the ectrude :3000
• 
• The similay procedure to used creat the wall as shown in the below diagram
• Then choose the UNION command to merge the all the wall 
• Choose the UNION command
• Slect the objet > Enter
• 
• To creat Plinth Beam:
• Copy the bottom line of the plan 
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude
• Enter the height of the ectrude :450
• 
• Then choose the UNION command to merge the all the wall 
• Choose the UNION command
• Slect the objet > Enter
• Now choose theMove command
• Specify the Base point
• Specify the secod point to fixed the bottom of the plan for Plinth Beam As ahownin below
• Now to creat Floor:
• Copy the floor from the Plan 
• Choose the Region command 
• Select the object of region > Enter
• The Using Extrude command to creat the floor with thickness of 25 mm
• 
• 
• To crea the Door and Windown opening:
• Choose the UCS command for where we are draw the object 
• Set the UCS which creat object or face
• Now choose the Rectangle command to creat the window and door opening
• Ten crear the rectangle as whon in the bellow diagram
• 
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude
• Enter the height of the ectrude :300 mm
• 
• Similarly To  all the Door and Window Opeing are crearted as shown below figure.
• Then choose the UNION command to merge the all the wall 
• Choose the UNION command
• Slect the objet > Enter
• 

 

To creat Door:

• Main door:
• Change the view  to top 
• Take a rectangle command 
• Specifyt the first corner point @ anywhere
• Specifyt the other corner point : @1050,1800
• Now choose the offset command
•  Specify the offset distance : 100mm
• Again tak offse the command to offset the distance of 300 mm inside of the door
• 
• Now choose the Divide command 
• Select the object to divide
• Enter the Numebr segment: 2x5 as given below
•  
• Now choose the Trim command to trim the unwanted lines
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude For frame
• Enter the height of the ectrude 100
• Similarly Extrude the door for that thickness
• Now choose the FILLET EDGE command from SOLID Tab 
• Slect an edge
• Enter the fillet then adjes the shape 
• Hence to created the Door inside desing shape as given below
• 
• 
• similarly all the Box to converted the filled edge shape as above procedure
• To creat the Handle by using circle and rectangle command 
• Then creat boundary region and Extrude the handle for as shape
• Now apply the Matrial by using Material Broweser form Viaualize tab
• the following material as used fro Door and handle
• 
• Finally created the main door 
• 

 

             

                   Shaded view                                           Realistic view of Main door:                                                         

• 

 

 

• Similarly all the door are Created as shown in below:

i.  Bedroom Door 1:  

                  Shaded view                                          Realistic View

•   

 ii. Bath room door 2:                                            

 

• 

 

 

To creat Window:

Window 3:

• Take rectangle commad to creat the Window
• Specify the First corner point @ anywhere
• Specify the other corner point :@ 1800,1200
• Then choose the offset command 
• Specify the offset distance : 75 mm
• Now Divide the Window glass portion as 4 Window by using divide command
• 
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude For frame
• Enter the height of the ectrude 75 MM
• The MULLION for : 50 MM
• Glas : 5mm
• 
• Now to Creat the Bthroom Vendilater 
• Take rectangle commad to creat the Window
• Specify the First corner point @ anywhere
• Specify the other corner point :@ 400,400
• Then choose the offset command 
• Specify the offset distance : 75 mm
• 
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude For frame
• Enter the height of the ectrude 75 MM
• 
• Here i creating thr Glass for Bathroomwindow Choose the rectangle command 
• Specify the First corner point@ anywhere
• Specify the other corner point @350,125
• The creat region and Extrude the Glass of thickness is 5mm as shown in below
• 
• 
• Similarly All the Window W1, W2 are created as shown in belwo diagram:

Window 1:

• 

 

Window 2:

• 

 

• Then now finally all the window and doors are created
• Now To chose the move command to put the proper position of window and door as shown in below some diagrame:
• 
• 

To creat Staircase:

• Initially changre the view to top 
• Then Take a line command 
• Specify the first point @ anywhere
• Specify the Next point: 150mm
• Specify the Next point: 300
• Then choose the copy command 
• Select the object then 
• Specifyt the objhect to slect 
• Select Multiple the copy the Tread and Riser as shown in below
• 
• Then Again take line command to creat the line for Waist slab 
• Choose offset command to offset the Waist slab distance of 150mm
• Then Choose the Fillet comman to join the Line as shwon in below
• 
• Now change the view to Isometris 3d view from View cube
• Then CHoose the 3D ROTATE command the rotate the stair for 90 degree
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude For frame
• Enter the height of the ectrude 900 MM
• 
• Then Change the view to creat the Another Flight bu using same procedure
• Chose UCS comman to put the Drawing object
• Then creat the 2nd flight for above same procedure
• 
• Now to creat the Hand Rail
• Hand rail are created by using Circle Command and Ploy line command And SWEEP command 
• 
• Then Move the stair to proper position as shwon in belwo
• 
• Now to Creat the Main Door Step:
• Then Take a line command 
• Specify the first point @ anywhere
• Specify the Next point: 150mm
• Specify the Next point: 300
• Then choose the copy command 
• Select the object then 
• Specifyt the object to slect 
• Select Multiple the copy the Tread and Riser as shown in below
• 
• To provide Floor tiles by using Material Browser Taken From Visualise Tab
• The following Material are used in Floor tiles

                     Floor Tiles Material                    Portico Floor Tile Material

•   
• Ater that To provide the Stair case Tiles and Hand rail Material 

                         StairCase Tiles Material                              Hand Rail

•   
• 
• Then Now To change the Material Realistic view BY using MATERIAL MAPPING 
• Select the Material to Mapping 
• Then Increse the sixe > Accept the mapping

To creat the Lawn Area As Garden:

• After creat the plan Now to hatch the wall and Lwan area as the type like grass and flower etc.,
• The follwoing hating properties are used to this plan 
• Grass:
• 
• 
• Here flower are taken from the BLOCK command
• Hence finally created the Groubd floor plan as shown in below
• 

To provie the Wall Tile :

• Now apply the Matrial by using Material Browser form Visualize tab
• The follwoing Material Properties Are used tocreat the Front Portico wall tiles
• 
• 

To creat the Roof Slab:

• Initially Copy the out line for reference of  the Plan for creat the roof 
• 
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude 
• Enter the height of the ectrude 150 MM
• 
• Now to Fix the proper position BY using Move command as shown in below
• 
• Now Copy the Ground floor 
• Then here i used to SLICE COMMAND for cutt the unwanted porion for 1st floor wall and all
• Take a SLICE command 
• Select the slice object
• Then Specify the start point fo slicing plane
• Then selec the Object to slice  Enter 
• 
• Thie way i used to cut the coumpount wall from the outer wall
• Then choose the Move command to fixed the proper position 

Then to creat the Fron Wall TilesL:

• Choose the UCDS command to place the position of work Face or Object then 
• 
• Now apply the Matrial by using Material Browser form Visualize tab
• The follwoing Material Properties Are used to creat the 1st floor Front Portico wall tiles
• 

To Creat Glass  With Support Stainless Steel for portico :

• Choose circle command to creat the circle with Diameter of 50 mm
• The to creat the Region 
• Now choose the Extrude command 
• Slect the Extrude object 
• Specify the Extrude Height of : 900 mm
•  And Now to crea the Hand Grip 
• Take  Line command draw the lien for 50 mm
•  Then Tak ARC comamnd to crea the arc for Radius of 25 mm Then 
• Choose the REVOLVE comamnd 
• Sepcify the revolve object then 
• Specifyt he revovle Axis Enter
• Now Take a line command 
• To draw the line via Glass position of way 
• Then select rectangle command
• Specifyt the First corner point @ ANYWHERE
• Specify the other corner point: @900,5 mm
• The Poartico Glass wall are created by shown in below
• Then to fix the proper position by using Mover a command 
• 

 

View - 1

• 

View - 2

• 

 

To creat 1st Floor Roof Slab:

• Initially Copy the out line for reference of  the Plan for creat the roof 
• 
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude 
• Enter the height of the ectrude 150 MM
• 
• Now to Fix the proper position BY using Move command as shown in below
• 
• Now to creat Parapet Wall
• First Copy the outline from the 1st floor plan
• Then TRIM the unwanted line
• Bow choose the Region command to creat Boundary
• Then Choose thre Extrude Command
• Select the Extrude object
• Specify the Extrude Height : 900 mm
• Then fis the proper position by using move command 
• Now to provide the Terrace floor Tile by usin Material Browser
• Now apply the Matrial by using Material Browser form Visualize tab
• The follwoing Material Properties Are used tocreat the Front Portico wall tiles
• 
• 

To creat the Elevation Glass:

• Now Take the rectangle command
• Specify the first corner point @anywhere 
• Specify the other corner point@1760,6730 
• Then choose the offset command 
• Specify the offset distance : 50 mm
• Now Divide the Window glass portion as 2x3 Window by using divide command
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude For frame
• Enter the height of the ectrude 50 MM
• Glass : 10mm
• 
• Now to creat the Stari Room And Slab:
• Take a UCS to Place the top of the stari wall 
• The Creat the wall by using rectangle command
• Then conver the to the region 
• And Extrude the Wall Height of 2400
• Then Now the creat the Stair slab 
• Similarly Slab was created by above the procedure of  roof concrete slab creating
• Here the Terrace with Stair Room with roof slab diagram are given below
• Then We have already create Portico glass wall that to placed the proper position by move command
• 
•  
• Now to provide the Elevation wall tiles  by usin Material Browser
• Now apply the Matrial by using Material Browser form Visualize tab
• The follwoing Material Properties Are used tocreat the Front Portico wall tiles
• 

Now to creat the Parapet Wall Coping :

• Copy the 1st floor Outer Wall Line 
• Then As same procedure for extrude the wall here  i uused to create the  Parapet Wall coping  as given below
• 
• And To place the place the proper postion by using move command as shown in the below
• 

 

To Creat Window Sun shade:

• Take rectangle command
• Specify the first poin @ anywhere
• Specifyt the other corner point: @1800,1200
• Choose the offse command 
• Specify the offet distance: 50 mm
• Similarly all the window W1, W2, and Ventilator also created as shown in below
• 
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude For frame
• Enter the height of the ectrude 50 MM
• 
• Now to place all the window sunshade by using move command as givel below diagram
• 
• 
• To creat the Main Gate :
• Take rectangle command 
• Specify the First corner point@anywherer
• Specify the Other corner point@3020,1950
• Choose the offset command
• Specify the offset commnd:50mm
• Then Take line command to draw the line @ center of the rectngel by using Center marking Snap option
• Then again choose the offset commad to Split the proper gate view as shown in below
• 
• Now ccreat the inside design like rectangle by using rectangle command Before that plce the UCS  for draw
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude For frame
• Enter the height of the ectrude 50 MM
• Extrude the inside Shape for 55mm 
• To creat the Handle by using circle and rectangle command 
• Then Extrude the that thickness for how much to needed
• Then changre the materil by using Material Browser
• 
• Then to fix the proper position in Gate

                  Realistic view                                                         Shaded view

• 
• Now finally to provide the Wall Colours for final Rendering
• Choose the Materil form the Visualize Tab in Material Browser
• The follwing Material properties are i provided the all wall, Plinth Portion And Sunshade

i.Exterior Wall Material:

ii. Window Material:

            Window Frame                        Window Mullion                 Sunshade and  Parapet coping

 

• 

 

Here i Shown in below the All view of the Building 

i. Front view:

ii. Side view:

iii. South West View:

iv. South East:

v. North West:

vi. North East:

vii. Top View:

 

To creat the surface and road:

• Take rectangle commad 
• Specify the first point @ building Northe West to the South East 
• To creat Boundary Region:
• I Choose the BOUNDARY command 
• Select Pick point 
• Pick the internak point
• 
• Coose the SUBRACT command
• Slect the bigger sixe object > enter
• Again select the small size object to separate from them
• Then choose the EXTRUDE command
• Select the Object to the extrude 
• Enter the height of the ectrude 150 MM
• Then Place the proper position by using move command
• 
• Now to provied the Material by using material Browser
• 
• Then Copy the Road  Drawing from the 2D plan to fix the proper position as giben below
• 

 

To Creat the Camera View:

• Take  a Cirle command
• Place it at rigth bottom corner
• Extrude it at height >2100
• Click> Visualise>Camera
• Name it as Camera1
• Set target
• Delete the cylinder
• Click on the camera it will givres the following result
• 
• Take  a Cirle command
• Place it at left bottom corner
• Extrude it at height >2100
• Click> Visualise>Camera
• Name it as CAM2
• Set target
• Delete the cylinder
• Click on the camera it will givres the following result
• 

 

To creat the Exposure condition:

• Select visualise tab>Render > click Dropdown
• Render environment and Exposure
•  Select Environemnt>ON
• Click > Use IBL Image as Background
• Image Based Lighting: Dry Lake Bed
• 
• Click Sun status
• Select time and date
• Date As
• Time as: 3.PM
• ENTER
• Click on > Render preset manager
• Render in view port
• The 3d Model of residention building is ready with redring views

View:1

 

View:2

 

    ******************************************************************

 

Result:

 

Plan:

 

3D Staircase:

 

3D Building:

 

 

Render view 1:

 

 

 

 Render view 2:

 

 

 

     ******************************************************************