Creating Kitchen layout, Hatching of Architectural elements and sectional view of an Industrial Building in AutoCad

AIM: To creat kitchen layout, hatching of architectural elements and sectional view of an industrial building.

INDRODUCTION :  

• Hatch: This command can be used to fill an enclosed area or selected object with a hatch pattern.  Following steps are involed in hatching an object

• Click Home Tab -->Draw panel -->Hatch.
• On the properties panel --> Hatch type list, select the type of Hatch needed.
• On the pattern panal, Click a Hatch pattern or fill
• On the boundaries panel, specify how the pattern boundary is selected:

1. I. Pickpoints: insets hatch or full within a closed are taht is bounded by one or more objects. with this method you click within the boundaries to specify the area.
2. II. Select boundary objects: Inserts thge hatch  or fill within a closed object such as a circle, closed polyline or a set of objects with endpoints that touch and enclosed an area.
3. III. The selection method is retained until you change it.

• Click an area or object to be hatched.
• On ribbon make any adjustments as needed:

1. On the properties panel, you can change the hatch type and colours or madify the transperancy level, angle, or scale for the hatch.
2. On teh expanded options panel you can change the draw order to specify whether the hatch and its boundaries are displayed in from of or behind other objects.,

• Press enter to apply the hatch and then exit the command.

Other Commands:

• Line: Used to draw different entities like walls windows etc.
• Xline or Construction line: This is used to draw infinite lines which are very much essential in developing sections and elevation.
• Offset: This command also used ectensively to develop the same properties' to the copy of another one
• Trim: This tools is used to remove or erase the unwanted line.
• Extend: It is used to extend a line to joint the edge of another line or opposite line.
• Mirror: This tool is used to mirror/flip an object.
• Hatch: This tool is used to provide the approriate hatching to defferent portions.
• Fillet: This tool is very much essential in developing corners wherer the radius can be provided as whatever need.
• Layer: This enable such to assign different properties to different entities in a very easy way.
• Block: This feature is useing for any kind of material like furnitures, door, window etc., are creat with differend size and  to insert the wherever its need in the plan form directly taken in the Blocks.
• Annotation: In this command are used for mention the Text and Dimension of the plan.

DEFAULT PROCEDURES:

• Open the AutoCAD application from my desktop 
• Click file menu select New to creat a New Diagram
• Select Default setting for Metric (Milli Meter) or Imperial (feet and inches) setting for whatever need for Given diagram
  • In default setting click is use a wizard and in that advance setting and set unit as Decimal, Engineering,or Architectural Etc. precission as 0 Press Enter.
• Set Angle Measurement as EAST  
• Set Angle Direction as Counter-Clockwise direction
• Set Area of drawing for as per given diagram size, Because of will Draw the whole drawing for in single page or separate New sheet.
• Finish
• And Keep Ortho ON And where its neccesary to off the ortho can off
• Object snap ON
• Enter.

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 Q1. Kitchen Layout:

I. Below Counter Plan:

Aim: To creat Layout of the kitchen and provide approoriate Hatch pattern.  Also use proper dimension techniques to dimension the plan.

Step by Step Procedure:

• Initially set the units as decimal (millimeters).
• Now, set the limits of the drawing:
• Specify the lower left corner:(o,o)
• Specify the upper right corner:(10000x8000)
• To creat Layer properties:
• First to creat layer fillter --> Name KITCHEN LAYER
• Click on New Layer
• Give the Layer name>wall
• Select for what we given colour 
• Layer which are assigned are shown in below fig. the following All layer propersties are used by the following diagram of  Kitchen Layout.
• 
• Slect Wall layer
• Choose rectangle command and draw rectangle specifying the dimension as 4760mmx3660mm.(230mm+230mm wall is added on either edge)
• Now offset this rectangle at an offset distance of 230mm inside which creates the wall of the layout.
• And Creat the Door space by using trim command and line command 
• 
• Now explode the inner rectanlge to make it into individual lines.
• offset the upper and lower line at offset distance of 600mm inwards.
• Initially draw a small rectangle having width 35mm which is placed adjacent to walls to provide a gap between the counter and the walls.
• This rectangle is then copied to all sides wherever it is to placed. (all the counters should be placed within the 600mm portion creat earlier.
• To change the line type for doted line
• Slect Homw tab --> properties--> Layer type-->Line type manager-->Load
• Select line type-->ACAD_ISO02W100 
• Global factor -->2.0
• Press OK 
• Now using the line command draw different cabinets of the kitchen.
• 
• Again change the layer type to slab and Snac counter.
• Now select line command to creat the Slab and snack counter  as shown in below.
• 
• To creat Door and Window
• To change the Door Layer
• Now select line command to crea the door  
• The created door are shown in below
• 
• To Creat Block
• Now to Creat Block 
• Choose BLOCK command by entering 'B' in command prompt.
• Dialouge bow eill be open Name >KITCHEN DOOR
• Next click on> pick point
• Block specify insertion base point> click on any one corner of the table
• Slect object> take a cross window and select whole template
• Block select object> enter
• Click on> Retain
• Scale uniform >Mark it by clicking through curser
• Allow exploding> Mark it by click through cursor as shown below
• 
• To creat Window 1 
• Change the Door layer to the Window layer
• Select line command to creat the window as shown in below
• 
• To creat Window 2 
• Select line command to creat the window as shown in below
• 
• To Creat Block
• Now to Creat Block 
• Choose BLOCK command by entering 'B' in command prompt.
• Dialouge bow eill be open Name > WINDOW 1
• Next click on> pick point
• Block specify insertion base point> click on any one corner of the table
• Slect object> take a cross window and select whole template
• Block select object> enter
• Click on> Retain
• Scale uniform >Mark it by clicking through curser
• Allow exploding> Mark it by click through cursor as shown below
• 
• Similarly created the WINDOW 2, BRIDGE and SINK  Then changed the block bu using block command as abov3 procedures 
• Folowing figURE of BRIDGE AND SINK
•  
• Insert Block
• The following procedute to used for insert the all blocks in the diagrams as shown in the below Figure.
• Now insert the block by using Command Entering 'i' in command prompt
• Now block window are appear on display 
• Slect Current Drawing or Recent tab
• Slect the KITCHEN DOOR and drag the cursor to move the diagram page to provide wherever necessary place as given below diargam
• 
• Now using the circle command draw the hob.
• Then fix the SINK andFRIDGE in the provided location which drawn using Inser block command.
• Fix the door and windows of the kitchen as shown in below diagram 
• 
• Now Take Hatch command for Hatching the Entire Walls
• The following Patterns and properties are used for this entire Elevation Colour by usin Hatching option Of walls
• Walls, Plinth area, Front elevarion glss, door and lintel , sunshade, and all Borders of the building, Hatch types  are shown in below
• Brick wall:
• 
• Sloid Colour:
•  
• To creat the DImenaion style
• Click Annotation tab
• Click Dimension >Manage dimension style
• Style name> KITCHEN
• Slect the text colour code of 30
• And Dimension line, Extension line colou code of 140
• Select the linear dimension to provide the linear dimension as given below diagranm
• And similar way to provide the all dimension wherever necessary  as shown below
• 
• Provided Hatch And Dimention figure are given below: 
• 
• Now to creat the Text
• Click Annotation tab>Multi line
• Mnage text style >New>Style Name> KITCHEN
• Font style > Arial
• Text Heigth>60
• 
• Now choose thge Multiline text to provied all the Text for wherever required in diagram
• All the text can be placed in a proper position by Using move command
• By used Quick Properties to incresed the size of required Text size
• Hence Complete figure of Below Counter Plan are given below 

Result: 

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II. Above Counter Plan:

• Now we have to develope the Above counter plan in the same as the below  counter plan.
• For this, intially copy the below counter plan adjacent to it so that we can achieve the out line of the above counter plan from it.
• Then the interior part of the below counter plan is erased and is changed acording to the above counter plan.
• Now chimney and wondows of the kitchen are marked.
• 
• To creat Door and Window
• To change the Door Layer
• Now select line command to crea the door  
• The created door are shown in below
• 
• To Creat Block
• Now to Creat Block 
• Choose BLOCK command by entering 'B' in command prompt.
• Dialouge bow eill be open Name >KITCHEN DOOR
• Next click on> pick point
• Block specify insertion base point> click on any one corner of the table
• Slect object> take a cross window and select whole template
• Block select object> enter
• Click on> Retain
• Scale uniform >Mark it by clicking through curser
• Allow exploding> Mark it by click through cursor as shown below
• 
• To creat Window 1 
• Change the Door layer to the Window layer
• Select line command to creat the window as shown in below
• 
• To creat Window 2 
• Select line command to creat the window as shown in below
• 
• To Creat Block
• Now to Creat Block 
• Choose BLOCK command by entering 'B' in command prompt.
• Dialouge bow eill be open Name > WINDOW 1
• Next click on> pick point
• Block specify insertion base point> click on any one corner of the table
• Slect object> take a cross window and select whole template
• Block select object> enter
• Click on> Retain
• Scale uniform >Mark it by clicking through curser
• Allow exploding> Mark it by click through cursor as shown below
• 
• Similarly created the WINDOW 2, are placed as ashown in below diagram 
• Insert Block
• The following procedute to used for insert the all blocks in the diagrams as shown in the below Figure.
• Now insert the block by using Command Entering 'i' in command prompt
• Now block window are appear on display 
• Slect Current Drawing or Recent tab
• Slect the KITCHEN DOOR and drag the cursor to move the diagram page to provide wherever necessary place as given below diargam
• 
• 
• And now as same hatching wherever necessasry place , walls 
• Now, include the text wherever it is necessasry.
• Now Take Hatch command for Hatching the Entire Walls
• The following Patterns and properties are used for this entire Elevation Colour by usin Hatching option Of walls
• Walls, Plinth area, Front elevarion glss, door and lintel , sunshade, and all Borders of the building, Hatch types  are shown in below
• Brick wall:
• 
• Sloid Colour:
•  
• 
  • To creat the DImenaion style
  • Click Annotation tab
  • Click Dimension >Manage dimension style
  • Style name> KITCHEN
  • Slect the text colour code of 30
  • And Dimension line, Extension line colou code of 140
  • Select the linear dimension to provide the linear dimension as given below diagranm
  • And similar way to provide the all dimension wherever necessary  as shown below
  • 
  • Provided Dimention figure are given below: 
  • 
  • Now to creat the Text
  • Click Annotation tab>Multi line
  • Mnage text style >New>Style Name> KITCHEN
  • Font style> Arial
  • Text Heigth>60
  • 
  • Now choose thge Multiline text to provied all the Text for wherever required in diagram
  • All the text can be placed in a proper position by Using move command
  • By used Quick Properties to incresed the size of required Text size
  • Hence completed Figure Of Above Counter Plan are given below 

Result: 

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Q2. Elevation:

Aim: To creat the elevation of the plan that was already created and to apply proper Hatch in teh wals, windows and othr architectural elements.

Step by step procedure:

• Initially set the units as Decimal (mm)
• Now set the limits of the drawing:
• Specify the lower left corner: (0,0)
• Specify the upper right corner: (15000,15000
• Now using Xline command initially draw the outline of the structure refering to the challenge 7 Plan.
• To creat Layer properties:
• First to creat layer fillter --> Name: Chellenge -9
• Click on New Layer
• Give the Layer name>ELEVATION OUT LINE
• Select for what we given colour 
• Layer which are assigned are shown in below fig. the following All layer propersties are used by the following diagram of  Elevation diagrams
• 
• Choose the CXline command
• Project the elevation line by using xline Fron Challenge as shown in below
• 
• Again choose xline command to draw the horizontal line
• The take offset command to draw the all Ground level line, Window, Door, and Roof level for all the floor. as shown in below figure.
• 
• Now trim the unwanted  beside of the elevation Xline 
• Now to Create the Ground floor Coloumn structure By using Tim command as show in the below fig.
• 
• Now choose the trim command
• To creat the window and door view by using trim command as shown in below.
• 
• Now choose the line command and arc to creat the window Architecture desing
• Created figure are shown in below
• 
• Now to creat the Portico Window grill 
• Choose the line 
• To draw the outer line and Sunshade line by using line command 
• Then choose the divide command 
• Slect the object --> Enter the Number of segment : 5x3 As given diagram
• 
• Now choose the line command to split the inner section
• 
• As same above window procedure to drawn the another one Window
• Now to creat Bolconey stell gril 
• Now to change the Layer to HANDLE GRILL
• To created the Hand grill by using line command and offset command as shown in below 
• 
• Now to creat the sunshade projection of Plan by using Line command
• Similar way to used to created all the 2nd and 3rd floor elevation as shown in below
• 
• Now choose the line command
• Now to created the Terrace parapet wall and Water tank by using line command as shown in the below
• 
• To Apply the Hatchs on Walls, Doors, Windows and Architectural elements
• Now Take Hatch command for Hatching the Entire Walls, Doors, Windows And Architectural elements.
• The following Boundaries, Patterns and properties are used for this entire Elevation Colour by using Hatching option
• Walls, Plinth level, Windows glass, door and lintel, sunshade, and all Borders of the building, Hatch types  are shown in below
• Plinth level:
• 
• Lintel & Sunshade :
• 
• Walls:
• 
• Portico Grills Glass:
• 
• Windows:
• 
• Balcony Steel Handle:
• 
• Balcony Wood Handle:
• 
• Now to creat the Text
• Here i used Previous Plan text Style
• Click Annotation tab>Multi line
• Mnage text style >New>Style Name> DOORS 
• Font styled > Italict_shx
• Text Heigth>250
• 
• Now choose thge Multiline text to provied Name as ELEVATION 
• Hence Elevation are created as shown in below Result:

Result:

For your clear reference:

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Q3. Industrial Building Section View:

Aim: To creat the section view of an industrial building and provide appropriate hatching and dimensions as required and also provide annotations to the drawing.

Step by step procedure:

• Initially set hte units as Decimal (mm)
• Now set the limits of the drawing:
• Specify the lower left corner:(0,0)
• Specify the upper right corner:(30000,20000)
• Choose the Xline to draw the centre line of the building
• Slect  Vertical line mark the center line of X01, X01 a, to X05 .
• Again choose the Xline
• Slect the Horizontal line
• To draw the Horizontal Section line
• Then Mention the Dimention for correct reference as shown in the below
• 
• Now Use the offset commadn can be used to offset the linew wherever required 
• The Changed the Hidden line and center line by using Layer property Manager As shown in below fig. 
• Now created the inner equipment by used line command and offset command
• 
• To Apply the Hatchs on Secion 
• Now Take Hatch command for Hatching the Entire Section
• The following Boundaries, Patterns and properties are used for this entire Elevation Colour by using Hatching option
• 
• To creat the DImenaion style
• Click Annotation tab
• Click Dimension >Manage dimension style
• Style name> Challenge -9 section view
• Slect the text colour: ByBlock
• And Dimension line, Extension line colour ByBlock
• Select the linear dimension to provide the linear dimension as given below diagranm
• And similar way to provide the all dimension wherever necessary  as shown below
• 
• Now to creat the Text
• Click Annotation tab>Multi line
• Mnage text style >New>Style Name> KITCHEN
• Font style >Bahnschrift Condensed
• Text Heigth>250
• 
• Now choose thge Multiline text to provied all the Text for wherever required in diagram
• All the text can be placed in a proper position by Using move command
• By used Quick Properties to incresed the size of required Text size
• Hence completed Figure Of Elevation are given below result

Result:

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ALL FINAL RESULT:

1. Kitchen Layout:

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2. Elevation:

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3. Industrial Building Section View:

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