Creating various 3D Models like Furniture, Footing, Girder, Column drop with panel and Gable Wall in AutoCad

AIM: To creat various 3d models like furniture, footing, girder, column drop with panel with panel and ganle wall in autocad

INTRODUCTION: 

A process of creating a mathematical representation of any surface of an object in three dimensions by using special software is called 3d modeling.

• Benefits of 3D modeling:
  • users can get more evocative design and they can even see the virtual image of their projects.
  • An architectural 3D model is muich more interesting and realistic than a 2D modeL.
  • The experience that a 3D model gives is mich more compelling and satisfying to the user that viewing a 2D drawing.
  • 3D models are an amazing advantages to interior designers as they get to create and then modify 3D interior as well as exterior as per their need and choice.
  • In a 3D design, the user gets to know the physical dimensions of the objects and its distance in relation with other objects in the totall layout. This feature helps to see and modify arrangements of objects based on theri sizes.
• Various AutoCAD 3D commands include:
  1. Extrude:
     • Draw-->Modeling-->Extrude.
     • This command allows to create a 3D objects by extruding a 2D face along a line or path.
     • For ex: A cylinder can be created by selecting a 2D circle and ectruding it along with the a path.
  2. Sweep:
     • Draw-->Modeling-->Sweep.
     • This command helps the user to extrude the 2D ibjects withou the 2D face being orthogonal to the beginning of the path.
  3. Union: 
     • Modify-->Solds editing--> union.
     • This command allows to combine two objects converting into one single object.
     • This command works when there is a common area in both the objects.
  4. Intersect:
     • Modify --> Solids editing--> Intersect:
     • This command retain only the area that is common to both ht objects.
  5. Subtract:
     • Modify-->Solids editing--> Subtract
     • This commadn works when there is a common area in both the objects.

DEFAULT PROCEDURE:

• Open Autocad aoolication from my desktop 
• And change to 3D modelling int he setting  and change the workspcae to 3D modelling
• Clik file menu to creat NEW PAGE
• Select default setting as Imperial or Metric what our need
• In default settin click on use a wizord and in that advance setting and set unit as Architectural and precision as 0'0" and press Next
• Set Angle as Decimal Degree and precision as 0 and click next
• Set Angle Measure as EAST and press next
• Set area by providing  what we need as per our plan
• Press finish
• Keep prthp, Object snap> on
• Keep Snap and grid >off
• Enter

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PROBLEM 1:

 Aim: To ceate a 3D furniture elements as shown in the figure:

Step by Step Procedure:

• Initially open the AutoCAD and go to 3d modelling in the setting and change the workspace to 3D modeling
• Set the Unit as Architectural (feet and inches)
• The set the limits of the drawing:
• Now choose the line command form command prompt as L
• Her i used "Absolute Co-ordinate system" and "Relative Rectangular Co-ordinate system" 
  • Specify the first point :0',0',0'
  • Specify the next point :@0',0',2'6"
  • 
  • And specify teh next point: @0',3',0'
  • specify teh next point: @0',0',-2'6"
  • The closed
  • Now, covert this rectangular to a region by Using Region command in the command prompt
  • Then, Choose the Extrude command 
  • Select the rectangle , And cursor move to the X axis direction 
  • Specofy the height of the Extrusion : 2'
  • 
  • Now to change the Region 
  • Now to choose the Shaded option for 3D view bu using Visual style control
  • 
  • Now choose SOLIDEIDT option form command prompt 
  • Enter  solid editing option 'Body' >'Shell'
  • Slect a 3D Solid --> remove face --> Enter the shell offset distance :2"
  • 
  • Now Change to the 2D wireframe option  BY using Visual style control
  • And Slect hidden option
  • 
  • Then again i changed the line Solid colour grey for Better view as shown in fig
  • 
  • To Provide Dimension: 
    • Slecet Annotation for default style Standard, FontName: txt.shx, Text height 0'4" and Arrow Type : closed blank, and Height 0'2"
    • 
    • The choose Solidedit command for providing Dimension as Isometric 3D view 
    • Solidedit-->Face-->Choose the face in the solid diagramm by UCS icon as using X,Y,Z direction 
    • Choose Dimline command dimensioning is done to complete the object
    • 
    • Hence all Dimensions are market by using same way 
    • 
    • Then i change the outline colour by using Layer properties for better and different view as shown in below 
    • Hence 3D furniture Elements are created

Result: 

i. Visual style control : Hidden View

ii. Visual style control: Shaded View

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PROBLEM 2 :

Aim: To creat a 3D model of an Isolated Footing as shown in the above figure

Step by Step Procedure:

• Initially open the AutoCAD and go to 3d modelling in the setting and change the workspace to 3D modeling
• set the units as Architectural (feet and inches)
• Then set the limits of the drawing
• Choose the Rectangle  commadn
• Specify first corner point @ anywhere
• Specifyt other corener point @3',3'
• enter
• 
• Now choose the offset command 
• Specify the offset distances @2' inside of the rectangle box
• Now the inside rectangel size is 1' x 1'
• 
• Now choose the move command 'M' in command prompt
• select the inside rectangle object 
• Now move rectangle to the Z direction of 2' Height 
• 
• Noe choose the Line command 
• To joint the edge of the corner line by using line command as shown in below
• The Copy the bottom rectangle box to move the upward direction @6" above
• Now to change the Region 
• 
• Now to select the Hidden option form Visual style controler
• 
• To Provide Dimension: 
  • Slecet Annotation for default style Standard, FontName: txt.shx, Text height 0'4" and Arrow Type : closed blank, and Height 0'2"
  • 
  • The choose Solidedit command for providing Dimension as Isometric 3D view 
  • Solidedit-->Face-->Choose the face in the solid diagramm by UCS icon for using X,Y,Z direction 
  • Choose Dimline command dimensioning is done to complete the object
  
  
  • 
  • Then i change the outline colour by using Layer properties for better and different view as shown in below 

Result: 

i. Visual style control : Hidden View

ii. Visual style control : Shaded View

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PROBLEM 3 :

Aim: To creat the 3D view of the AASTHO type girder:

Step by Step Procedure:

• Initially open the AutoCAD and go to 3d modelling in the setting and change the workspace to 3D modeling
• Set the units as Architextural (feet and inches)
• Then set the limits of the drawing:
• Now choose the Rectangle command
• Specify first corner point @ anywher
• Specify the other corner point @6",1'6"
• 
• Now choose the chamfer command 
• Select 'Distance'
• Specify the first Chamfer Distance :1"
• Specifuy the secont Chamfer Distance: 1"
• Now select the first line and second line to drawn the Chamfer shape
• 
• Again choose the rectangle command 
• Specify the first corner point @ corner of the previous rectange 
• Specify the other corner point  @6",1'6"
• 
• Now choose the chamfer command 
• Select 'Distance'
• Specify the first Chamfer Distance :6"
• Specifuy the secont Chamfer Distance: 6"
• Now select the first line and second line to drawn the Chamfer shape
• 
• Again choose the rectangle command 
• Specify the First corner point @ corner of the previous rectange 
• Specify the Other corner point  @1'6",6"
• 
• Again choose the rectangle command 
• Specify the first corner point @ corner of the previous rectange 
• Specify the other corner point  @6",1'
• the move the correct position to fixed it 
• Now choose the chamfer command 
• Select 'Distance'
• Specify the first Chamfer Distance :3"
• Specifuy the secont Chamfer Distance: 3"
• Now select the first line and second line to drawn the Chamfer shape
• 
• Now Choose the EXPLODE  command
• Select the hole figure the seperate the Line 
• The Erase the inside line by using Erase command like shonw in the below figure
• Now to change the Region 
• 
  • Now to select the Shade with edge option form Visual Style Controler
  • 
  • Now choose the EXTRUDE command 
  • Select the grider , And cursor move to the y axis direction 
  • Specofy the height of the Extrusion : 10'
  • Then choose the HIDDEN option from Visual Style Controler
  • Then choose the 3DORBIT command to rotate the diagrame for all Axis like given digrame
  • To Provide Dimension: 
    • Slecet Annotation for default style Standard, FontName: txt.shx, Text height 0'4" and Arrow Type : closed blank, and Height 0'2"
    • 
    • The choose Solidedit command for providing Dimension as Isometric 3D view 
    • Solidedit-->Face-->Choose the face in the solid diagramm by UCS icon for  using X,Y,Z direction 
    • Choose Dimline command dimensioning is done to complete the object
  • 

 Result: 

i. Visual style control : Shaded View                           ii. Visual style control : Hidden View 

• For Better View
• 

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PROBLEM 4 :

Aim: To creat a 3D model of a drop column with panel as shown in section and isometric view

Step by Step Procedure:

• Initially open the AutoCAD and go to 3D modelling in the setting and change the workspace to 3D modelling.
• Now set the units as Architectural (feet and inches)
• Then set the limits of the drawing.
• Now select the rectangle command 
• Specify the First corner @ anywhere
• Specify the other corner point @4'6",4'6"
• Then, Choose the Extrude command 
• Select the rectangle , And cursor move to the z axis direction 
• Specify the height of the Extrusion : 6"
• 
• Then To chage the Region 
• And select the Hidden option to hide the inside line from taken Visual Style Controler
• 
• Now Choose the SOLIDEDIT command 
• To select Face option put the UCS icon in top solid box  for creat the circle
• Now choose the Circle command in Command prompt
• Specify the center point of the circle  @ center of the rectangle 
• Specify the Diameter of the circle @3'6"
• 
• Now conver this to a region and extrude it with tapering (angle 45 degree and height 1'
• 
• Explode the tapered portion and the top circle is converted to a region
• Choose the Extrude comamnd 
• Select the rectangle , And cursor move to the Z axis direction 
• Specofy the height of the Extrusion : 10'
• 
• Now to change its view to Shaded Visual Style Controller 
• Then choose the 3DORBIT command to rorate the view conveniently various 3d view. 
• For better view
• 
• Now change the view to right fand do the dimensioning
• To Provide Dimension: 
  • Slecet Annotation for default style Standard, FontName: txt.shx, Text height 0'4" and Arrow Type : closed blank, and Height 0'2"
  • And change the Effect for Vertical 
  • 
  • The choose Solidedit command for providing Dimension as Isometric 3D view 
  • Solidedit-->Face-->Choose the face in the solid diagramm by UCS icon for  using X,Y,Z direction 
  • Choose Dimline command dimensioning is done to complete the object
• 

Result:

    *******************************************************************

PROBLEM 5:

 Aim: To ceate a 3D Model of a wall as shown in figure:

Step by Step Procedure:

• Initially open the AutoCAD and go to 3D modelling in the setting and change the workspace to 3D modelling.
• Now set the units as Architectural (feet and inches)
• Then set the limits of the drawing.
• Choose the line command
• Specify the first point @0',0',0'
• Specify the next point @3'6",0',0'
• Specify the next point @0',0',7'
• Specify the next point @3',0',0'
• Specify the next point @0',0',-7'
• Specify the next point @ 3'6",0',0'
• Specify the next point @0',0',9'
• Specify the next point @-10',0',0'
• 
• Specify the next point @-9',0',0'
• Draw the line 12'6"
• Jpint the corner of the top wall of the line drawn
• Erase the unwanted line
• 
• Choose the Region command
•  Slect the object > select whole diagram> enter
• Now choose the EXTRUDE Command
• Now chooe the EXTRUDE Command
• select the object > select the object which is regioned
• Specify the extrude height >9"
•  Enter by Extrude ut along Y-Axis direction
• The select the HIDDEN option form Visual Style Controler to hide the unwanted line 
• 
• To Provide Dimension: 
  • Slecet Annotation for default style Standard, FontName: txt.shx, Text height 0'4" and Arrow Type : closed blank, and Height 0'2"
  • 
  • The choose Solidedit command for providing Dimension as Isometric 3D view 
  • Solidedit-->Face-->Choose the face in the solid diagramm by UCS icon for  using X,Y,Z direction 
  • Choose Dimline command dimensioning is done to complete the object
• 
• Now choose the Colour Face option to provide the wall colour
• Select the colour face option from -->Home -->Solid Editing --> Extrude Face--> Colour Face
• Now select the solid face in Diagram,  Dialouge box appear on display 
• Intex colour --> AutoCAD ColourIndex(ACI), Colour :240
• OK
• 
• Similarly hidden inside wall colour also provided
• 

Result:

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ALL FINAL RESULT:

 The various 3D model have been created as follows:

1. 3D furniture element is createed as given below:

-Hidden view:

- 3D shaded view:

2.  2D model of an isolated footing is created as given below:

-Hidden view:

- 3D shaded view:

 3. 3D view of an AASTHO type girder is created as given below:

    -Hidden view:                                                                          - 3D shaded view:

4. 3D model of a drop colomn with panel is created as given below:

- Section:

- Isometric view:

5. 3D model of a gable wall is created as shown below:

-Hidden view:

  - 3D shaded view:

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