Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

1. Create a 3D Isometric View of the building with plan and elevation given.

AIM- TO CREATE THE 3D ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE BUILDING.

INTRODUCTION-

Wall-

• A wall is a structure and a surface that defines an area, carries a load, provides security, shelter, or soundproofing or, is decorative.
• The purposes of walls in buildings are to support roofs, floors and ceilings, to enclose a space as part of the building envelope along with a roof to give buildings form and to provide shelter and security.
• In addition, the wall may house various types of utilities such as electrical wiring or plumbing.
• Wall construction falls into two basic categories: framed walls or mass-walls.
• Walls may or may not be loadbearing. Walls are required to conform to the local local building and/or fire codes.
• Building walls frequently become works of art, externally and internally.

AutoCAD-

• AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. 
• AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
• It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
• This software is used for designing and drafting.
• It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
• AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
• AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
• Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.

AutoCAD 3D- Commands

• 3DMOVE: Click 3D Move in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DMOVE at the command line.
• 3DROTATE: Click 3D Rotate in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DROTATE at the command line.
• 3DSCALE: Click 3D Scale in the Modify panel, or type 3DSCALE at the command line.
• 3DALign: An improved version of the ALign command that includes additional options as well as the ability to move and rotate a copy of the selected objects and use Dynamic UCS with the command. Click 3D Align in the Modify panel on the Home tab.
• Fillet and chamfer: Because fillets and chamfers are common real-world features, it’s logical that tools for creating them are available. You can fillet or bevel the edges of a 3D solid by clicking the Fillet Edge (or Chamfer Edge) split button in the Solid Editing panel on the Solid tab.
• Shell (solidedit): Using this command you can convert a 3D solid into a hollow solid with a wall thickness. To use this command type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter type B press enter again type S and press enter again. Alternatively, you can also select the shell tool from Solid editing panel of the Solid tab.
• Surfpatch: Using this command you can fill the open areas of a surface like the top of a cylinder as shown in the animated image below.
• Moveface: Using this tool you can move faces like a groove of a 3D solid from one point to other as shown in the animated image below. For using this tool type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter then type F press enter then type M and press enter again.
• Surfoffset: Using this command you can offset any surface inside, outside or on both sides of the surface as shown in the animated image below.
• Extrude: This AutoCAD 3D Extrude command allows the user to create a 3D object by extruding a 2D face along a line or path. For example, A cylinder can be created by selecting a 2D circle and extruding it along with a path.
• Sweep: This command helps the user to extrude the 2D objects without the 2D face being orthogonal to the beginning of the path.
• Union: This AutoCAD 3D command allows the user to combine two objects converting them into one single object.
• Subtract: This command is opposite to the union command; this command works when there is a common area in both the objects. Then this command subtracts the object A from the object B.
• Intersect: With this AutoCAD 3D command, the user is left with the area that is common to both the objects.
• Slice: The SLice command lets you cut a 3D solid along a plane. You can slice a 3D solid by using a planar curve, such as a circle, 2D polyline, or surface, among many others. When you slice a 3D solid, you can choose which part of the 3D solid is retained, or you can keep both. This image shows a solid model that has been sliced in half.
• Thicken: Using this command you can convert a surface into a 3D solid by adding thickness to it.
• Polysolid: Using this command you can make a 3D wall-like shape as shown in the image here, you can also define height and thickness of this poly solid using command line options.
• XEDGES: You can extract edges of a 3D solid as 2D geometries using this tool. In the image shown here the XEDGES tool has been used to extract the edges of the 3D solid and then the solid geometry has been moved to reveal the edges only.
• Flatshot: This command is great for converting a 3D drawing into 2D and using this command you can also create multiple views of a single 3D drawing like the front, top and isometric on a single plane. To know more about this command follow the related article.
• Interfere: This command can be used to detect intersecting 3D solids. The command is especially useful in situations where you want to detect clashes between different solids like pipes and walls.
• 3Dface: Defines the start point for the 3D surface. After entering the first point, enter the remaining points in a natural clockwise or counterclockwise order to create a normal 3D face. If you locate all four points on the same plane, a planar face is created that is similar to a region object.

PROCEDURE-

STEP 1-

• Draw plan of given building structure.
• 

STEP 2-

• Now create window openings outside the plan.
• 
• 

 STEP 3-

• Now extrude wall up to height of 10'.
• And subtract the window from wall and now place the windows at position.
• 

RESULT-

2. Create the 3D View of the Building Façade as given in the plan and elevation. Also, see the detail of the window.

AIM- TO CREATE THE 3D ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE BUILDING FACADE AS GIVEN AND REFER THE DETAILS OF WINDOW.

INTRODUCTION-

Wall-

• A wall is a structure and a surface that defines an area, carries a load, provides security, shelter, or soundproofing or, is decorative.
• The purposes of walls in buildings are to support roofs, floors and ceilings, to enclose a space as part of the building envelope along with a roof to give buildings form and to provide shelter and security.
• In addition, the wall may house various types of utilities such as electrical wiring or plumbing.
• Wall construction falls into two basic categories: framed walls or mass-walls.
• Walls may or may not be loadbearing. Walls are required to conform to the local local building and/or fire codes.
• Building walls frequently become works of art, externally and internally.

AutoCAD-

• AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. 
• AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
• It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
• This software is used for designing and drafting.
• It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
• AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
• AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
• Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.

AutoCAD 3D- Commands

• 3DMOVE: Click 3D Move in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DMOVE at the command line.
• 3DROTATE: Click 3D Rotate in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DROTATE at the command line.
• 3DSCALE: Click 3D Scale in the Modify panel, or type 3DSCALE at the command line.
• 3DALign: An improved version of the ALign command that includes additional options as well as the ability to move and rotate a copy of the selected objects and use Dynamic UCS with the command. Click 3D Align in the Modify panel on the Home tab.
• Fillet and chamfer: Because fillets and chamfers are common real-world features, it’s logical that tools for creating them are available. You can fillet or bevel the edges of a 3D solid by clicking the Fillet Edge (or Chamfer Edge) split button in the Solid Editing panel on the Solid tab.
• Shell (solidedit): Using this command you can convert a 3D solid into a hollow solid with a wall thickness. To use this command type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter type B press enter again type S and press enter again. Alternatively, you can also select the shell tool from Solid editing panel of the Solid tab.
• Surfpatch: Using this command you can fill the open areas of a surface like the top of a cylinder as shown in the animated image below.
• Moveface: Using this tool you can move faces like a groove of a 3D solid from one point to other as shown in the animated image below. For using this tool type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter then type F press enter then type M and press enter again.
• Surfoffset: Using this command you can offset any surface inside, outside or on both sides of the surface as shown in the animated image below.
• Extrude: This AutoCAD 3D Extrude command allows the user to create a 3D object by extruding a 2D face along a line or path. For example, A cylinder can be created by selecting a 2D circle and extruding it along with a path.
• Sweep: This command helps the user to extrude the 2D objects without the 2D face being orthogonal to the beginning of the path.
• Union: This AutoCAD 3D command allows the user to combine two objects converting them into one single object.
• Subtract: This command is opposite to the union command; this command works when there is a common area in both the objects. Then this command subtracts the object A from the object B.
• Intersect: With this AutoCAD 3D command, the user is left with the area that is common to both the objects.
• Slice: The SLice command lets you cut a 3D solid along a plane. You can slice a 3D solid by using a planar curve, such as a circle, 2D polyline, or surface, among many others. When you slice a 3D solid, you can choose which part of the 3D solid is retained, or you can keep both. This image shows a solid model that has been sliced in half.
• Thicken: Using this command you can convert a surface into a 3D solid by adding thickness to it.
• Polysolid: Using this command you can make a 3D wall-like shape as shown in the image here, you can also define height and thickness of this poly solid using command line options.
• XEDGES: You can extract edges of a 3D solid as 2D geometries using this tool. In the image shown here the XEDGES tool has been used to extract the edges of the 3D solid and then the solid geometry has been moved to reveal the edges only.
• Flatshot: This command is great for converting a 3D drawing into 2D and using this command you can also create multiple views of a single 3D drawing like the front, top and isometric on a single plane. To know more about this command follow the related article.
• Interfere: This command can be used to detect intersecting 3D solids. The command is especially useful in situations where you want to detect clashes between different solids like pipes and walls. 
• 3Dface: Defines the start point for the 3D surface. After entering the first point, enter the remaining points in a natural clockwise or counterclockwise order to create a normal 3D face. If you locate all four points on the same plane, a planar face is created that is similar to a region object.

PROCEDURE-

STEP 1-

• Draw plan of given building structure.
• 

 STEP 2-

• Now extrude and place the window sized rectangle at positions.
• 

 STEP 3-

• Now extrude all the wall portions other than window.
• 

 STEP 4-

• Custom visual style as edge.
• 

STEP 4-

• Now draw window portion.
• 

STEP 5-

• Now place all the windows at position.
• 

STEP 6-

• 3D isometric view.
• 

RESULT-

3. Create the ismoteric 3d view of a stair with railing as shown in the plan and elevation. Assume the size of the balustrades and the hand rails.

AIM- TO CREATE THE 3D ISOMETRIC VIEW OF A STAIR WITH RAILING.

INTRODUCTION-

Staircase- 

• A stair, or a stairstep, is one step in a flight of stairs.
• In buildings, stairs is a term applied to a complete flight of steps between two floors.
• A stair flight is a run of stairs or steps between landings.
• A staircase or stairway is one or more flights of stairs leading from one floor to another, and includes landings, newel posts, handrails, balustrades and additional parts.
• Stairs may be in a straight run leading from one floor to another without a turn or change in direction.
• Stairs may change direction, commonly by two straight flights connected at a 90 degree angle landing.
• Stairs may also return onto themselves with 180 degree angle landings at each end of straight flights forming a vertical stairway commonly used in multistory and highrise buildings.
• Stairs are also provided for convenience to access floors, roofs, levels and walking surfaces not accessible by other means.
• Tread: The part of the stairway that is stepped on. It is constructed to the same thickness as any other flooring. The tread depth is measured from the back of one tread to the back of the next.
• The width is measured from one side to the other.
• Riser: The vertical portion between each tread on the stair.
• Nosing: An edge part of the tread that protrudes over the riser beneath. They provide additional length to the tread without changing the pitch of the stairs.
• The balustrade is the system of railings and balusters that prevents people from falling over the edge.

AutoCAD-

• AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. 
• AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
• It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
• This software is used for designing and drafting.
• It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
• AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
• AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
• Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.

AutoCAD 3D- Commands

• 3DMOVE: Click 3D Move in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DMOVE at the command line.
• 3DROTATE: Click 3D Rotate in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DROTATE at the command line.
• 3DSCALE: Click 3D Scale in the Modify panel, or type 3DSCALE at the command line.
• 3DALign: An improved version of the ALign command that includes additional options as well as the ability to move and rotate a copy of the selected objects and use Dynamic UCS with the command. Click 3D Align in the Modify panel on the Home tab.
• Fillet and chamfer: Because fillets and chamfers are common real-world features, it’s logical that tools for creating them are available. You can fillet or bevel the edges of a 3D solid by clicking the Fillet Edge (or Chamfer Edge) split button in the Solid Editing panel on the Solid tab.
• Shell (solidedit): Using this command you can convert a 3D solid into a hollow solid with a wall thickness. To use this command type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter type B press enter again type S and press enter again. Alternatively, you can also select the shell tool from Solid editing panel of the Solid tab.
• Surfpatch: Using this command you can fill the open areas of a surface like the top of a cylinder as shown in the animated image below.
• Moveface: Using this tool you can move faces like a groove of a 3D solid from one point to other as shown in the animated image below. For using this tool type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter then type F press enter then type M and press enter again.
• Surfoffset: Using this command you can offset any surface inside, outside or on both sides of the surface as shown in the animated image below.
• Extrude: This AutoCAD 3D Extrude command allows the user to create a 3D object by extruding a 2D face along a line or path. For example, A cylinder can be created by selecting a 2D circle and extruding it along with a path.
• Sweep: This command helps the user to extrude the 2D objects without the 2D face being orthogonal to the beginning of the path.
• Union: This AutoCAD 3D command allows the user to combine two objects converting them into one single object.
• Subtract: This command is opposite to the union command; this command works when there is a common area in both the objects. Then this command subtracts the object A from the object B.
• Intersect: With this AutoCAD 3D command, the user is left with the area that is common to both the objects.
• Slice: The SLice command lets you cut a 3D solid along a plane. You can slice a 3D solid by using a planar curve, such as a circle, 2D polyline, or surface, among many others. When you slice a 3D solid, you can choose which part of the 3D solid is retained, or you can keep both. This image shows a solid model that has been sliced in half.
• Thicken: Using this command you can convert a surface into a 3D solid by adding thickness to it.
• Polysolid: Using this command you can make a 3D wall-like shape as shown in the image here, you can also define height and thickness of this poly solid using command line options.
• XEDGES: You can extract edges of a 3D solid as 2D geometries using this tool. In the image shown here the XEDGES tool has been used to extract the edges of the 3D solid and then the solid geometry has been moved to reveal the edges only.
• Flatshot: This command is great for converting a 3D drawing into 2D and using this command you can also create multiple views of a single 3D drawing like the front, top and isometric on a single plane. To know more about this command follow the related article.
• Interfere: This command can be used to detect intersecting 3D solids. The command is especially useful in situations where you want to detect clashes between different solids like pipes and walls. 
• 3Dface: Defines the start point for the 3D surface. After entering the first point, enter the remaining points in a natural clockwise or counterclockwise order to create a normal 3D face. If you locate all four points on the same plane, a planar face is created that is similar to a region object.

PROCEDURE-

STEP 1-

• Draw staircase in 2d view.
• 

STEP 2-

• Now extrude the steps.
• 

STEP 3-

• Now draw railing at both sides using circle command and sweep command.
• 

STEP 4-

RESULT-

4. Create the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing . Create the Door opening only. Assume the size of the parpaet and the coping. See the plans and elevation for the details. Also, create a rendered view of the model with materials as of your choice.

AIM- TO CREATE THE 3D VIEW OF WALL WITH SPREAD FOOTING. 

INTRODUCTION-

Wall-

• A wall is a structure and a surface that defines an area, carries a load, provides security, shelter, or soundproofing or, is decorative.
• The purposes of walls in buildings are to support roofs, floors and ceilings, to enclose a space as part of the building envelope along with a roof to give buildings form and to provide shelter and security.
• In addition, the wall may house various types of utilities such as electrical wiring or plumbing.
• Wall construction falls into two basic categories: framed walls or mass-walls.
• Walls may or may not be loadbearing. Walls are required to conform to the local local building and/or fire codes.
• Building walls frequently become works of art, externally and internally.

Spread footing-

• The stepped footing is generally constructed in the olden days but now they are outdated.
• The stepped footing is a simple type of isolated footing which is provided over soil having less bearing capacity.
• Because of low soil capacity load need to be transferred on the larger area.
• Stepped footing are stepped upon one another.
• There are generally three to four cross-sections which are stacked on each other in order to form the steps.
• The main purpose of the Stepped Foundation is to avoid the direct contact of the column with the underneath soil to prevent the corrosive effect and effectively transfer the load into the ground.

AutoCAD-

• AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. 
• AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
• It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
• This software is used for designing and drafting.
• It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
• AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
• AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
• Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.

AutoCAD 3D- Commands

• 3DMOVE: Click 3D Move in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DMOVE at the command line.
• 3DROTATE: Click 3D Rotate in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DROTATE at the command line.
• 3DSCALE: Click 3D Scale in the Modify panel, or type 3DSCALE at the command line.
• 3DALign: An improved version of the ALign command that includes additional options as well as the ability to move and rotate a copy of the selected objects and use Dynamic UCS with the command. Click 3D Align in the Modify panel on the Home tab.
• Fillet and chamfer: Because fillets and chamfers are common real-world features, it’s logical that tools for creating them are available. You can fillet or bevel the edges of a 3D solid by clicking the Fillet Edge (or Chamfer Edge) split button in the Solid Editing panel on the Solid tab.
• Shell (solidedit): Using this command you can convert a 3D solid into a hollow solid with a wall thickness. To use this command type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter type B press enter again type S and press enter again. Alternatively, you can also select the shell tool from Solid editing panel of the Solid tab.
• Surfpatch: Using this command you can fill the open areas of a surface like the top of a cylinder as shown in the animated image below.
• Moveface: Using this tool you can move faces like a groove of a 3D solid from one point to other as shown in the animated image below. For using this tool type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter then type F press enter then type M and press enter again.
• Surfoffset: Using this command you can offset any surface inside, outside or on both sides of the surface as shown in the animated image below.
• Extrude: This AutoCAD 3D Extrude command allows the user to create a 3D object by extruding a 2D face along a line or path. For example, A cylinder can be created by selecting a 2D circle and extruding it along with a path.
• Sweep: This command helps the user to extrude the 2D objects without the 2D face being orthogonal to the beginning of the path.
• Union: This AutoCAD 3D command allows the user to combine two objects converting them into one single object.
• Subtract: This command is opposite to the union command; this command works when there is a common area in both the objects. Then this command subtracts the object A from the object B.
• Intersect: With this AutoCAD 3D command, the user is left with the area that is common to both the objects.
• Slice: The SLice command lets you cut a 3D solid along a plane. You can slice a 3D solid by using a planar curve, such as a circle, 2D polyline, or surface, among many others. When you slice a 3D solid, you can choose which part of the 3D solid is retained, or you can keep both. This image shows a solid model that has been sliced in half.
• Thicken: Using this command you can convert a surface into a 3D solid by adding thickness to it.
• Polysolid: Using this command you can make a 3D wall-like shape as shown in the image here, you can also define height and thickness of this poly solid using command line options.
• XEDGES: You can extract edges of a 3D solid as 2D geometries using this tool. In the image shown here the XEDGES tool has been used to extract the edges of the 3D solid and then the solid geometry has been moved to reveal the edges only.
• Flatshot: This command is great for converting a 3D drawing into 2D and using this command you can also create multiple views of a single 3D drawing like the front, top and isometric on a single plane. To know more about this command follow the related article.
• Interfere: This command can be used to detect intersecting 3D solids. The command is especially useful in situations where you want to detect clashes between different solids like pipes and walls. 
• 3Dface: Defines the start point for the 3D surface. After entering the first point, enter the remaining points in a natural clockwise or counterclockwise order to create a normal 3D face. If you locate all four points on the same plane, a planar face is created that is similar to a region object.

PROCEDURE-

STEP 1-

• Draw 2D view of section and then extrude it.
• 

STEP 2-

• Now provide different materials.
• 

STEP 3-

• Now put camera at required position and then press enter.
• 

STEP 4-

• View after pressing enter.
• 

RESULT-

FINAL RESULT-

• 3D view of building section
• 
• 3D view of building facade
• 
• 3D view of staircase
• 
• 3D view of wall with spread footing
•