Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project
1) Why are building codes or standards essential for the modeling/ efficiency of drawings in Revit ?
Importance of national building codes while modeling in revit-
- National building codes are used while drawing because safety of structures is imporatant parameter for public.
- so to reduce risks to an acceptable level national building codes helps get protection from disaster due to fire, structural collapse and general deterioration national building codes are used.
- National building codes are source for guidance in the design and construction of building structures.
- National Building codes provide minimum standards for safety, health and general welfare.
- National Building codes provide high quality design of the buildings.
- National Building codes ensure the economic well being of the community by using local available materials.
- National Building Codes are designed to protect buildings and the people and property inside them from fire, earthquakes, windstorms and other extreme events.
- National Building Codes ensure structural integrity; electrical, plumbing and mechanical system safety, as well as accessibility and practical and achievable levels of energy efficiency.
- National Building Codes gives guidelines for regulating building constructionactivity.
- So to avoid any misfunction and avaoid risks national building codes are followed .
2) From the National Building Code list the groups that will be essential to you when you begin modeling in Autodesk Revit.
Groups of building types mentioned in National Building Code-
| Group A | Residential |
| Group B | Educational |
| Group C | Institutional |
| Group D | Assembly |
| Group E | Business |
| Group F | Mercantile |
| Group G | Industrial |
| Group H | Storage |
| Group I | Hzardous |
3) List the five major steps that occur in project cycle . The steps should include from conceptualization of project to maintenance and final stage.
Major steps included in a project cycle-
- Conception and initiation-
- The very first stage of construction is to create a concept.
- After that the required design and blueprints are made as per needs.
- Typically, this is done with the help of an architect to ensure everything is up-to-code and that the design will be structurally-sound and stable.
- After the design, the project planner sets the project by developing a strategic plan. This is where the project is divided into smaller digestible units making it easier to establish completion timelines.
- Once blueprints and construction plans, you will need to obtain the right building and construction permits.
- This process will be ongoing throughout the construction project as you need to obtain different permits at different times.
- Working with an experienced construction firm aids this process immensely. Our experience in obtaining the proper permits at the right time help our process run smoothly and on time.
- Defination and planning of project-
- After plan is done, the details are given to a building estimator to carry out a survey and estimate the cost of materials, types of machinery, and labor required to complete the building project.
- The cost of materials will be determined by the quantity and quality of fabric needed.
- At this stage, if the financial capability is limited, it is advised not to proceed further or get a loan from financial firms.
- After obtaining your initial building permits, your construction project will commence by clearing and excavating the land upon which you want to build.
- This includes removing any trees, boulders or other obstacles that are in the way of your building, and leveling or grading the ground.
- Another essential requirement in setting up a building is to acquire a piece of land.
- Planning of execution of the overall project is done by breaking down the work processes.
- Execution-
- After obtaining your initial building permits, your construction project will commence by clearing and excavating the land upon which you want to build.
- This includes removing any trees, boulders or other obstacles that are in the way of your building, and leveling or grading the ground.
- When the space you are building one is cleared and excavated, the foundation can be poured.
- Once the foundation has been poured and cured, framing begins on your building.
- A superstructure provides support for the beam and slab. Members of the superstructure include the column designed to strengthen the load mounted upon the building's foundation.
- Project is executed as planned.
- Monitoring and control-
- Some project management methodologies have a different phase here for monitoring and control.
- The construction manager monitors the budget, risk, insurance management, and scope using various project management techniques.
- One of the best tools for this stage is the KPI (Key Performance Indicator).
- Examples of KPIs are effort and cost tracking, project objectives, and deliverables.
- Monitoring and control are sometimes combined with execution because they often occur at the same time.
- As teams execute their project plan, they must constantly monitor their own progress.
- Project closure-
- That is the last step in the long process of designing and completing a construction project.
- The project team has to overall contractual agreements and make sure that the project is free from any type of legal burden.
- Teams close a project when they deliver the finished project to the customer, communicating completion to stakeholders and releasing resources to other projects.
- This vital step in the project management life cycle allows the team to evaluate and document the project and move on to the next one, using previous project mistakes and successes to build stronger processes and more successful teams.
4) Give examples of different disciplines involved in construction of a project.
different disciplines involved in construction of a project
- Construction
- Finance and Estimating
- Contracts and Bids
- Geotechnical
- Structural
- Surveying
- Acoustical Engineer
- Architecture
- Fire Protection Engineer
- Land Surveyor
- Landscape Architect
- Materials Engineer
- Materials Handling Engineer
- Soils Engineer
- Transportation Engineer
- Project Manager
- Remote Sensing Specialist
- Mining Engineer
- CADD Technician
- Construction Inspector
- Geodetic Surveyor
- Cost Engineer/Estimator
- Archeologist
- Environmental Engineer
- Electrical Engineer
- Structural Engineer
- Civil Engineer
- Construction Manager
5) How are buildings classified ? Place the following buildings under each category
a. Four unit apartments
b. School with capacity of 1000 students
c. A single unit shop
d. Multi story Shopping complex
e. Steel machine factory
Groups of building categories mentioned in National Building Code-
| Group A | Residential |
| Group B | Educational |
| Group C | Institutional |
| Group D | Assembly |
| Group E | Business |
| Group F | Mercantile |
| Group G | Industrial |
| Group H | Storage |
| Group I | Hzardous |
| BUILDING | CATEGORY | |
| Four unit apartments |
Group A (Subdivison A-4) |
Residential |
| School with capacity of 1000 students |
Group B (Subdivison B-2) |
Educational |
| A single unit shop |
Group F (Subdivison F-1) |
Mercantile |
| Multi story Shopping complex |
Group D (Subdivison D-4) |
Assembly |
| Steel machine factory |
Group G (Subdivison G-1) |
Industrial |
6) Distinguish the roles of Design team and Management team.
Distinguish the roles of Design team and Management team
| DESIGN TEAM | MANAGEMENT TEAM |
| Design team Ensures that the finished product of the construction project is safely and appropriately constructed. | Management team Plans and direct the activities of the Construction Inspection Staff and coordinate their activities to get the finished product. |
| Design team closely tracking changes to the design to ensure that it is as per plans and specifications. | Management team effectively utilize staff resources and staff expertise to accoplish desired goal. |
| Design team Prepares detailed design of each discipline. | Management team provide construction consultation between the client and the contractor |
| Design team Prepares preliminary designs and drawings obtaining owner’s approval. | Management team provides assistance and information to the management staff and client |
| Design team is responsible for generating and documenting ideas about how the product works, looks, or behaves. | Management team also responsible for estimates, planning, executions, documentations, supervisions and management on the project. |
| Design team ensures that all the components are as per design drawings. | Management team manages the team by delegating work and defining team member role and responsibilities |
7) Refer to NBC, Identify the modeling requirements for the project ( from week 4).
a. Height Limitations
b. Area Limitations
c. Room sizing
d. Wall height
e. Thickness based on fire life and safety
f. Passageway requirements
- Height limitations-
- Height of building should not exceed 15m.
- Lifts should be provided for buildings of height more than 15m.
- The maximum height shall be limitedaccording to the width of the street as follows:
a) The maximum height of building shall not exceed 1.5 times the width of road abutting plus the front open space.
b) If a building abuts on two or more streets ofdifferent widths, the building shall be deemedto face upon the street that has the greater width and the height of the building shall be regulated by the width of that street and may be continued to this height to a depth of 24 m along the narrower street. - structures which rise to 30 m or more in height and are to be located within 20 km of the aerodrome reference point.
- Area Limitations-
ROOM TYPE Min. requirement for plots upto 50 sq m
Min. requirement for plots above 50 sq m Habitable room 7.50 sq m 9.50 sq m Kitchen 3.30 sq m 4.50 sq m Pantry not applicable 3.00 sq m Bathroom 1.20 sq m. 1.80 sq m W.C. 1 sq m. 1.10 sq m
Combined W.C. & Bath 1.80 sq m. 2.80 sq m. Store no restriction no restriction Projections permitted within the setbacks upto 0.75m width permitted within the setbacks upto 0.75m width - Room sizing-
ROOM TYPE Min. requirement for plots upto 50 sq m
Min. requirement for plots above 50 sq m Habitable room 7.50 sq m 9.50 sq m Kitchen 3.30 sq m 4.50 sq m Pantry not applicable 3.00 sq m Bathroom 1.20 sq m. 1.80 sq m W.C. 1 sq m. 1.10 sq m
Combined W.C. & Bath 1.80 sq m. 2.80 sq m. Store no restriction no restriction Projections permitted within the setbacks upto 0.75m width permitted within the setbacks upto 0.75m width - Wall height-
ROOM TYPE Min. requirement for plots upto 50 sq m
Min. requirement for plots above 50 sq m Habitable room 2.75 m 2.75 m Kitchen 2.75 m 2.75 m Pantry not applicable 2.75 m Bathroom 2.20 m 2.20 m W.C. 2.20 m 2.20 m
Combined W.C. & Bath 2.20 m 2.20 m Store 2.20 m 2.20 m Projections permitted within the setbacks upto 0.75m width permitted within the setbacks upto 0.75m width - Thickness based on fire life and safety-
- Passageway requirements-
8) We have identified requirements for modeling from question 7, Use these numbers from code book and verify the numbers used in modeling the unit from week 2 to week 4. If the numbers are not reasonable, use the numbers obtained from the code book to create a revision of the mode.
This model resembles the actual modeling requirements for Project 1 of course work
- MODEL
- REVISED MODEL is same as this model. (Areas concerted to square meter)
- Bed room- 10.85 sq m
- Store room- 3.276 sq m
- Kitchen+ dining - 10.00 sq m
- Hall- 11.316 sq m
- W.C.- 1.44 sq m
- Bath- 1.62 sq m
- Study- 7.562 sq m
- All the rooms are as per the requirements.
- So the revised model is