Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

 AIM:- Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

Introduction

Isometric drawings: These drawings are not actual 3D drawings, they are made with 2D geometries but they appear like 3D. Isometric drawing in AutoCAD can be made by tilting viewing angle to 30 degrees for all of its sides in the 2D plane. Isometric drawing can now be easily created using the isodraft option in AutoCAD which enables us to switch between the planes. In AutoCAD, 3D modelling can be used to draw the isometric view of different elements.

 

 

1. Create a 3D Isometric View of the building with plan and elevation given.

AIM :

        To create a 3d isometric view of the given building with plan and elevation

COMMAND USED:-

 

• Line
• Rectangle
• Trim
• Move
• Copy
• Explode
• Circle
• Dimlinear
• Dimcontinue
• Boundary
• 3Dorbit
• 3D rotate
• Extrude
• Region
• UCS
• Render RR
• Sweep
• presspull
• dynamic ucs 

STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE :

• First we set the units and the set limits for drawing screen
• As an taken the isometric view representation of 3d object 
• Change the current layer to 3D_Wall
• Create a rectangle of dimensions 10’9”X10’9” at any point on the screen
• Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 9” as wall thickness
• Delete the left and bottom lines and extend them to the edges as shown in figure
• Draw the window with dimensions 3'2" at top and 3' on right side as shown in figure

 

Set UCS as world

• Create the boundaries for the walls using ‘BO’ command
• Extrude the boundaries created to total height of 10’10”
• Select all the wall and use group command to group then together

• Draw rectangles at both windows and change them to boundaries using boundary command
• Extrude both rectangles drawn to height of 3’4” as shown in the figure
• Draw rectangles at top of both window openings and change them to boundaries using boundary command

 

• Draw a rectangle from bottom part of window with dimensions @3’,4’
• Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3’2” wide window
• Draw a rectangle from bottom part of window with dimensions @3’2”,4’
• Change the ucs back to world
• Extrude the rectangle drawn at top side to top edge of window
• Group all the wall components together

 CREATE WINDOW 

• Change the view as TOP view 
• Create both sizes of window as given in drawing by using draw, modify and annotation tool 
• Make a copy of these window for 3D view and delete the dimension
• Change the view by using 3D orbit command 
• PRESSPULL command used to provide thickness of window frame, panel and glass for both
• MAT enter for Material Browser, select specific material for window like glass, wood, metal 
• 3DROTATE used to rotate the window and place at specific required position

• The window of dimensions 3'*4' is as below with 3d apperance

• The window of dimensions 3'2"*4' is as below with 3d apperance

• The various views of the drawing after applying the windows are as below;

• Open Material Browser
• Select and choose the specific material for Wall and Floor 
• Select and drag the material upon the object for the application 
• Used 3DORBIT for the custom view 

FINAL 3D VIEW OF PLAN AND ELEVATION 

• Open Material Browser by entering command MAT
• Select and choose the specific material for Wall and Floor 
• Select and drag the material upon the object for the application 
• Used 3DORBIT for the custom view 

RESULT:-

 

 

 

 

2. Create the 3D View of the Building Façade as given in the plan and elevation. Also, see the detail of the window.

Aim: To draw the 3D Building Façade as given in the plan and elevation

Introduction: 

A plan view of wall and two elevation views, one is of a window details and second is of floor level elevations are given and they are to be converted into a 3D model. 

COMMAND USED:-

 

• Line
• Rectangle
• Trim
• Move
• Copy
• Explode
• Circle
• Dimlinear
• Dimcontinue
• Boundary
• 3Dorbit
• 3D rotate
• Extrude
• Region
• UCS
• Render RR
• Sweep
• presspull
• layer
• dynamic ucs

Procedure:

• Open AutoCAD
• Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter
• Change units’ and set it to engineering with precision 
• Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’

Creating 2D Plan View

• Create a rectangle of dimensions 6’9”X10’9” at any point on the screen
• Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 9” as wall thickness
• Explode the rectangles drawn
• Delete the top line and extend them to the edges

              

• Change the current layer 3D_Window_Frame
• Create the window opening of dimensions 3’ wide as shown in figure
• Add dimensions are drawn using dimension layer

               

 

• Change the view to 3d by clicking on home button of view cube
• Set UCS as world
• Set the view style control as REALISTIC
• Create the boundaries for the walls using ‘BO’ command
• Extrude the boundaries created to total height of 10’10”
• Select all the wall and use group command to group then together
• Delete the window lines

                

• Create a boundry region over the window lines
• Extrude the boundary to aheight of 4’6”
• Draw a rectangle on top of the window opening using rectangle command
• Chanhe the rectangle into a region
• Extrude the region to distance of 1’3” to below and then window openin is created as shown in figure

                 

• Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3’ wide window
• Draw a rectangle of dimension @3’,4’
• Offset the rectangle to inside to distnce of 2”
• Offset the offset rectangle to inside to distnce of 3”
• Draw center line connecting midpoints
• Offset the lines to both sides to a distance of 3”
• Trim all the unnecessary edges

           

• Start the boundary command and click on pick points
• Click inside the window frame area and press enter
• Start SUBTRACT command
• Select the bigger region and then select the smaller regions to subtarct them

               

• Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Mulion
• Start the boundary command and click on pick points
• Click inside the window Mulion area and press enter
• Start SUBTRACT command
• Select the bigger region and then select the smaller glass region to subtarct it

           

• Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Glass
• Start the boundary command and click on pick points
• Click inside the window glass area and press enter

              

• All the layers are extruded to give window projection look as shown in figure

               

 

• The windows created in step 4 are placed at its positions

       

• Group all the items to create the elevation view
• Copy the block having 4’ height window and place it 3 times as shown in figure

              

• Create the top part of the drawing using 4” wall with height 6’5” from top

               

• Create a boundary for the wall
• Extrude the boundary to 9” as shown in elevation

       

 

• Click on home button of the view cuble and zoom for better view
• Go to visualized tab and click on new view
• Set view name as VIEW 1
• Click on current view and press ok
• Click on the Front view of the view cube and zoom for better view
• Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view
• Set view name as VIEW 2
• Click on current view and press ok
• Click on the Top view of the view cube and zoom for better view
• Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view
• Set view name as VIEW 3
• Click on current view and press ok

Result:

 

 

               

             

 

            

 

               

 

               

3.  Create the ismoteric 3d view of a stair with railing as shown in the plan and elevation. Assume the size of the balustrades and the hand rails.

AIM: To create a 3D isometric view of the stairs with plan and elevation in AutoCAD as given in figure 

INTRODUCTION:-

Stairs are a structure designed to bridge a large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical distances, called steps.

and in this project we are making a 3D staircase  with precision the type of stair can be;Stairs may be straight, round, or may consist of two or more straight pieces connected at angles.

PROCEDURE:-

• Change view as the right from the view control
• Take a POLYLINE and start from 0,0
• Specify next point @0”,6” enter 
• Specify next point @1’,0” enter Esc 
• Copy line with base point select Array the enter number of array 10
• Place the copied base point at end of the original point
• Select last copied line, pick the end grip then stretch 3’ enter further 4” line create negative Y direction
• Take the offset of the landing line at 4” distance
• Create a temporary line from the base point to the start landing bottom which is touches all the bottom corners
• After that take 6” offset from negative Y direction 
• Create a first step with the help of line 
• Fillet command used to create corners for the stairs
• Then erase to remove the temporary line 
• DIMLIN command used to show the dimension of the plan

 

• Make a copy of the section of stairs erase the dimensions
• Change the visual style as the shaded
• Presspull command used provide solid at 3’ height in Z direction 
• Create a circle at outside of the stairs then Presspull at the height of 3’1” for the balustrade
• Move the balustrade from quadrant point and place to first step of the trade 
• Copy the balustrade from the corner point of the trade, select array and enter number of array 10 
• Again, copy balustrade from quadrant point and place twice at the landing
• 3DPOLY command used create line at the top of balustrade 
• Circle create at 2” diameter the apply sweep command 
• Presspull used for handrail which is extend from the balustrade 
• Copy all balustrade and handrail of other side 
• Apply material for the staircase  

 

RESULT:-

 

 

4.   Create the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing . Create the Door opening only. Assume the size of the parpaet and the coping. See the plans and elevation for the details. Also, create a rendered view of the model with materials as of your choice.

Aim: To draw the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing as shown in the plan and elevation

Introduction: 

A plan view and elevation view of a wall with spread footing under it are given and they are to be converted into a 3D model. Spread footing is a type of footing which goes all along the length of the wall in a building. It is used as shallow footing type.  Plan view consists of horizontal dimensions of footing and the wall

   COMMANDS USED:-

• Line command
• Rectangle command
• UCS command
• Dimlinear command
• Region command
• Extrude command
• Substract command
• Box command
• Units command
• Dimstyle command
• 3Dface command
• 3Dorbit command
• Hide command
• Explode command
• Move command
• Copy command
• Dist command
• Solidedit command
• Union command
• Boundary command
• 3Dmirror command
• 3Drotate command
• Erase command
• Plan command

PROCEDURE:-

• First we open the autocad and set the maximum limit and minimum limit.
• Next we set the units as decimal and take the precision as 0.
• Next we have to draw plan of wall with spread footing with given dimensions as shown in the below figure.

• Next we draw the 3d isometric view of the wall with spread footing using the extrude command as shown in the below figure.

• Create parapet and remaining chajja element and extrude it 
• now for reference give hatch
• the upto now figure is as below

• Now, go to visualise tab of the ribbon and choose the material browser and then assign materials to each element.

• After ssigning materials the output obtained is:

• Now, we have to create the door opening.

• Now we have render this figure.
• For this, go to visualise tab of the ribbon and in that choose render to size option and in that choose high quality rendering. Hence, rendering is done.
• The rendered image obtained is:

RESULT:-