Post Graduate Program inBridge Design and Analysis

1. 01Design Loads considered on Bridges using STAAD.Pro12 modules

   1. Dead LoadsW01
      • In this session, you will learn
        • The unit weight of concrete
        • Mainly about steel and other materials
        • The self weight of structural elements
        • The self weight of superimposed Dead loads
        • The application of Dead loads in STAAD.Pro
        • The load application in superstructure
        • The load application in Substructure
        • About static check of loads
   2. Live Loads-1W02
      • In session, you will learn
        • The basics of Indian Road Congress (IRC) code
        • IRC Tracked loading
        • IRC Wheeled loading
        • Class A and Class B Loading
        • More about longitudinal forces
        • More about load factors
        • The positioning of Loads for the design of various structural elements
   3. Live Loads-2W03
      • In this session, you will learn
        • The basics of Indian Railway (IRS) code
        • Broadgauge Metre Gauge train Loading
        • Racking forces
        • Derailment loads
        • Frictional resistance of expansion bearings
        • Equivalent Joint Loading
        • Nominal Live loads
        • Surcharge Loads
        • Load factors
        • The positioning of Loads for the design of various structural elements
   4. Earth Pressure LoadsW04
      • In this session, you will learn
        • Unit weight of Soil
        • Saturated unit weight
        • Dry unit weight
        • Porewater pressure
        • The basics of soil report and bore hole drawing
        • Earth Pressure diagram
        • Various combination of Soil loads
        • Soil load on Piers and Abutments
        • Soil load on Foundation
        • Load factors
        • Earth pressure at Rest Ko
        • Active Earth pressure Ka
        • Passive Earth pressure Kp
        • The application of loads in STAAD.Pro
   5. Wind LoadsW05
      • In this session, you will learn
        • The basics of IS 875 Part III code
        • Wind zones of India
        • Basic wind speed
        • Calculation of Factors k1, K2, K3, and k4
        • Wind force Co-efficients
        • Load factors
        • Design of Wind Speed
        • The application of Wind load- examples in STAAD.Pro
   6. Seismic LoadW06
      • In this session, you will learn
        • The basics of Earthquake loads IS 1893 code
        • Seismic Zones of India
        • Load factors
        • Zone factor
        • The importance of factor
        • Response reduction factor
        • More about time period
        • The design of seismic co-efficient
        • The calculation of Seismic loads
        • Hydrodynamic loads
        • The definition of seismic load in STAAD.Pro
        • The examples in STAAD.Pro
   7. Water Current LoadsW07
      • In this session, you will learn
        • The basics of water forces
        • Velocity of river
        • How to calculate scour depth
        • How to calculate water current loads as per IRC
        • More about Load factors
        • Calculation of buoyancy
        • Forces on submersible bridges
        • Application of loads in sub structure
        • Examples in STAAD.Pro
   8. Centrifuge Loads and Impact LoadsW08
      • In this session, you will learn
        • Impact load for RC bridges
        • Impact load for Steel bridges
        • Impact load for Class AA and Class 70R loading
        • Application of the loads
        • The basics of centrifugal action
        • More about load factors
        • Reduction or increase for ridges with and without approach slabs-calculation of centrifugal forces
        • STAAD.Pro examples
   9. Wave LoadsW09
      • In this session, you will learn
        • The basics of IS 4651 code
        • The basics of waves and its effects on Load factors
        • Calculation of wave forces
        • Application of load in sub-structure
        • Examples in STAAD.Pro
   10. Snow LoadsW10
       • In this session, you will learn
         • The basics of IS 875 Part IV code
         • The definition of Snow Load
         • Shape Co-efficients
         • More about load factors
         • How to Calculate of snow load
         • Application of load
         • STAAD.Pro examples
   11. Temperature LoadsW11
       • In this session, you will learn
         • The basics of IS 875 Part V code
         • Temperature stresses and its effects
         • Expansion joint
         • More about load factors
         • Longitudinal temperature effects
         • Temperature variation across the depth
         • Co-efficient of thermal expansion
         • Application of Temperature loads in STAAD.Pro
         • STAAD.Pro examples
   12. Shrinkage, Vehicle Collision and Barge Impact LoadsW12
       • In this session, you will learn
         • Differential Shrinkage forces on Girder slab Bridges
         • Load Combinations along with factors in Serviceability Limit
         • Serviceability Limit State (SLS) and Ultimate Limit State (ULS)
2. 02Design of Bridge Foundations using STAAD.Pro12 modules

   1. Introduction to Bridges & FoundationsW01

      Bridges are structures made of beams, columns, and trusses. They pass over obstacles and connect two disconnected ends. At the base of the bridge is the foundation that transfers loads from the superstructure to the ground. There are different types of bridges, each varying in the way they distribute load. The selection of a bridge depends on the load it has to handle, the location, resources, and the span needed. When designing bridge foundations, it is important for learners to understand the basics of bridges, their foundations, and the different types.

      This week will cover

      • Introduction to bridges
      • Choosing the location, type, and material of a bridge
      • Different types of bridges
      • Introduction to the etymology of bridge components affecting foundations type
      • Loads considered in the design of bridge foundations
   2. Shallow FoundationsW02

      Shallow foundations have a depth less than their width, and transfer loads close to the surface of the earth. These foundations are used when shallow layers of soil can support the loads, and are commonly used in the initial stages of developing highway bridges. It is important for learners to understand the different types of shallow foundations and the properties based on which they are selected.

      This week will cover

      • Types of foundations and their selection
      • General description of foundations and their categories
      • Brief description of the types of shallow foundations
   3. Site ParametersW03

      Before structures like bridges are constructed at a site, the site is analyzed in terms of geographical, climatic, legal, and historical parameters. There are a series of calculations involved in this process. These site parameters help civil engineers determine whether the bridge can safely be constructed at the site. It is important for learners to understand the parameters considered for identifying a site, as well as the associated calculations.

      This week will cover

      • Site parameters and calculations involved in bridge design
      • Introduction to material strength, survey data, geotechnical parameters, hydrology, liquefaction
      • Shear failure
   4. Design of Abutments in Open FoundationsW04

      Abutments are found at the end of bridges and support the lateral and vertical loads acting on the superstructure. They safely balance these loads and transfer them to the ground. It is important to understand the design of abutments in shallow foundations in terms of their load bearing capacities.

      This week will cover

      • Design of shallow/open foundation in an abutment of a bridge
      • Introduction to loadings on a bridge, stability checks involved, design parameters and their limits
      • Detailing of reinforcement steel in the foundation
   5. Design of Piers in Open FoundationsW05

      Piers are vertical members that provide intermediate support to the span of the bridge. They transfer vertical and lateral loads to the ground, and are commonly found in multi-span bridges that need more support between the abutments at the ends. It is important for learners to understand the design of piers in terms of their load bearing capacities.

      This week will cover

      • Design of shallow/open foundation for bridge piers
      • Design parameters involved and checks for base slab design
      • Detailing of reinforcement steel in the pier footing
   6. Design of Raft FoundationsW06

      Raft foundations have RC slabs extending over a large area, which is generally the footprint of the structure. Just like all bridge foundations, it transfers the weight and load of the structure to the ground. Raft foundations can be designed and analyzed using STAAD.Pro under varying loading conditions. When designing raft foundations, learners need to understand the theory behind it, as well as how loads can be applied and analysed using STAAD.Pro.

      This week will cover

      • Analysis of Raft foundation of box type vehicular underpass in STAAD.Pro and design/detailing as per limit state method
      • Application of loads, analysis, and extraction of results from STAAD.Pro and designing of the base slab of a box type structure
      • Detailing of reinforcement steel in the raft foundation
   7. Deep FoundationsW07

      Deep foundations have a depth that is more than or equal to their width. They transfer loads farther away from the surface of the ground to competent layers of soil that can stabilize the structure. There are different types of deep foundations, each used for specific load bearing applications. It is important to understand the basics of deep foundations and the different types.

      This week will cover

      • Introduction to deep foundations
      • Types of deep foundation, how to select the type, pros and cons of different types
      • Factors affecting the sizes of foundations
   8. Components of Deep FoundationsW08

      Pile foundations are deep foundations that have many long columns placed into the ground. These foundations are generally composed of RC or steel, and include components like pile caps. When designing deep foundations, it is important for learners to understand the components involved to ensure they work together to effectively support the structure.

      This week will cover

      • Components of pile and well foundations
      • Introduction to different kinds of pile systems, pile caps, and as per their end fixity
      • Introduction to well steining, well curb, cutting edges, filling material of well foundations and their selection as per site
   9. Site Parameters in Deep FoundationsW09

      Before deep foundations are designed and inserted into the ground, the site is studied to understand the site parameters. This involves analysis and calculations that determine whether deep foundations can safely be inserted at the site. Engineers will then have to interpret this data. It is important for learners to understand the different site parameters considered during analysis, and how the resulting data is interpreted.

      This week will cover

      • Interpretation of data available from site studies
      • Introduction to the scour calculations, geotechnical studies, Liquefactions, loading from the top (vertical as well as horizontal) for the deep foundations
   10. Stability Checks in Deep FoundationsW10

       After deep foundations are inserted into the ground, they are checked for stability. There are various stability checks that can be performed by engineers. It is important for learners to understand the different stability checks, and their importance in the safety of deep foundations.

       This week will cover

       • Different stability checks in the design of deep foundations and caps
       • Stability checks involved in the pile and well foundations and their impact on the size or number of piles/diameter of well
       • Characteristics of piles and the steps for design & installation
   11. Design of Pile FoundationsW11

       The design of pile foundations considers the length, size, depth, type, and number of piles needed to support the load of the whole superstructure. Engineers use the limit state method to consider the point of strength at which the structure experiences failure. It is important for learners to understand the limit state method, and how it is used in the design of buildings.

       This week will cover

       • Design of Pile foundation and its detailing by limit state method
       • Introduction to the fixing of the length of piles, design as per limit state method and detailing
       • Pile cap design
   12. Design of Well FoundationsW12

       Well foundations are also deep foundations that extend below the surface level of water for bridges. They are used for the stability they offer during turbulent water conditions. As many bridges extend below the surface level of water, it is important for learners to understand the design of well foundations and their load bearing capacity.

       This week will cover

       • Design of well foundation and its detailing by limit state method
       • Introduction to the design of well foundation as per limit state method and detailing
       • RC details of well curb & cutting edge
3. 03Design of Elevated Metro Viaducts using STAAD.Pro12 modules

   1. Introduction and Planning of Metro ViaductsW01
      • An introductory lecture on the present and future prospects of metro projects in India
      • Discussion on elevated and underground metro projects.
      • Design Basis Report
      • Planning of the metro viaduct
      • Challenges faced in design and at construction sites
      • Proposed solutions
   2. Overview of Structural ComponentsW02
      • An overview of all the structural components of the bridge – both the superstructure and the substructure.
   3. Design of Prestressed Open Web Structures (Superstructure)W03
      • Design of Superstructure Components-Prestressed open web structures such as U-girders
      • Longitudinal analysis of prestressed open web structures such as U girders
      • Transverse analysis of prestressed open web structures such as U girders
   4. Design of Prestressed I-Girders (Superstructure)W04
      • Design of superstructure components-prestressed I-girders
      • Longitudinal analysis of prestressed I-girders
   5. Design of Prestressed I-Girders (Superstructure)W05
      • Transverse analysis of prestressed I-girders and design of slabs
      • Design of cross girders/diaphragms
   6. Design of Bearings (Superstructure)W06
      • Design of superstructure component - bearings
   7. Design of Prestressed Pier Caps (Substructure)W07
      • Design of substructure component – prestressed pier cap
      • Longitudinal analysis and design of prestressed pier caps
      • Comparison of RCC vs PSC
   8. Design of RCC Pier Caps (Substructure)W08
      • Design of substructure component- RCC pier cap
   9. Design of Pier (Substructure)W09
      • Design of substructure component - RCC pier
   10. Design of Pile CapW10
       • Design of pile cap
   11. Design of Pile FoundationW11
       • Design of pile foundation
   12. Design of Open Foundation & Design of Well Foundation W12
       • Design of open foundation
       • Design of well foundation
4. 04Design of Bridge Substructures / Piers using STAAD.Pro11 modules

   1. Understanding the Bridges, Codes, Loads, Load Combinations, and Bearings & ArticulationW01
      • The classification of bridges, their significance, the construction and collapse of bridges
      • Code used for bridge analysis and desgn
      • Loads acting on a bridge and their corresponding codal provisions.
      • Load combinations as per IRS and IRC codes (e.g., DL, LL, etc.) into the design.
      • Different types of bearings are commonly used in bridges
      • The concept of codal provisions pertaining to bearings
      • Bearings influence in the substructure's behaviour (fixed or free)
   2. Different Types of Substructures W02
      • Abutments
        • Wall type
        • Spill through
        • Abutment Pier
        • Retaining walls
      • Different types of piers and their design considerations
   3. Introduction to STAAD.Pro and Modeling of Simple StructuresW03
      • Modelling and analysing simple structures in STAAD.Pro
      • Frames & Trusses (Geometric modelling, defining elements, and properties).
   4. Pier Caps- RCC and PSCW04
      • Different types and concepts of pier cap design
      • Pier cap major function and load transfer mechanism.
   5. CorbelsW05
      • Corbels behavior
      • Corbels analysis
      • Corbels design guidelines.
   6. Modeling of BridgeW06
      • The realistic data of our bridge and other data required for design
      • Modelling of superstructure and substructure of bridges and defining boundary conditions in STAAD.Pro software
   7. Applying various Loads and Load Combinations of BridgeW07
      • Various loads applied to the bridge
      • Possible load combinations generated in STAAD.Pro
   8. Analysis, Results Interpretation in STAAD.Pro and Summarizing the ResultsW08
      • Analysing a bridge and interpreting the results for various elements
      • Summarising the results (forces) and arrive at the worst possible effect on our substructure
   9. Capacity check using Autodesk Structural Bridge Design (ASBD) SoftwareW09
      • Modelling of substructure/ section in software (Autodesk Structural Bridge Design) and define sections, properties, worst load effect, analyse and check design in the software.
   10. RC DetailingW10
       • Code clauses
       • RC Detailing
         • Flexural reinforcement
         • Shear reinforcement
         • Crackwidth
         • Ductile detailing for Seismic resistance
         • Anchorage length
         • Splicing (lap lengths)
         • Bundled high strength deformed bars
   11. Conclusion and Further StudiesW11
       • Retaining walls
       • Culverts and its types
5. 05Design of Steel Superstructure for Bridges using STAAD.Pro12 modules

   1. Conceptual designW01
      • Fixing the type of superstructure
      • Fixing span & alignment
      • Impact of lateral spacing of girders/trusses
   2. LoadingsW02
      • Permanent loads acting on a bridge
        • Dead loads & superimposed dead loads
        • Variable loads - vehicle loads, wind, braking, acceleration, impact factor, centrifugal force, etc.
      • Load Combinations & Envelopes
   3. Analysis of bridges IW03
      • Running loads & Influence lines
      • Meter Strip Analysis
      • Grillage models
      • Line and Shell Finite Element Model
   4. Analysis of bridges IIW04
      • Complete Shell Models
      • Load distribution on Girders
      • Optimizing analysis effort by Longitudinal & Transverse Analysis Models
      • Influence surfaces in FEA software
   5. Construction stagesW05
      • Girder Launching
      • Lifting Analysis
      • Staged Construction and their effects on Analysis and Design
   6. Truss bridge design IW06
      • Fixing of Truss Dimensions
      • Bolted connections and Welded connections
      • Tension member design
      • Compression member design
   7. Truss bridge design IIW07
      • Design of Battened Members
      • Transverse Stability by Bracings
      • Beam element design
      • Global buckling mode checks
   8. Plate girder bridges IW08
      • Sizing of Flanges
      • Sizing of Webs
   9. Plate girder bridges IIW09
      • End Panel Design
      • Longitudinal and Transverse Stiffener requirement
      • Welded/bolted Splices
   10. Steel composite bridgesW10
       • Advantages/disadvantages of Composite Girders Over Plate Girders
       • Conversion of Concrete to equivalent Steel and Composite section properties
       • Shear Connectors Design
       • Longitudinal Shear & Axial forces in Concrete
       • Forces induced in Steel due to Creep, Shrinkage and Temperature effects in Concrete
   11. Other bridge elements W11
       • Steel Trestles, Staircase, etc.
       • Steel Concrete Joints
       • Bearings
       • Roofing/Steel Plate Decks.
       • Fatigue
   12. Advances and future trendsW12
       • Wind Load Effects on Bridges
       • Parametric Design Introduction
       • Computational MModelling
6. 06Seismic Design and Analysis of Bridges using STAAD.Pro12 modules

   1. Week 1&2 - Course IntroductionW01
      • Understand the importance of seismic design and gain insight into the underlying principles of seismic hazards analysis, structural dynamics, and inelastic behaviour.
      • Learn how these items are integrated into our building code requirements.
   2. Week 3&4 - Ground Motions and their EffectsW02
      • Understand how geological processes generate earthquakes and investigate the best ways to mitigate the various hazards that result from earthquakes.
      • Learn how the effects of ground shaking are quantified.
        • Plate Tectonics
        • Fault Mechanisms
        • Seismic Waves
        • Hazards and Hazard Mitigation Strategies
        • Quantification of Ground Motion Effects
   3. Week 5&6 -Structural Dynamics W03
      • Understand how the effects of ground shaking are amplified by structural vibration.
      • Concepts of resonance, frequency/period of vibration, and damping.
      • Understand how a response spectrum is used to characterize ground shaking and how the use of such a spectrum can simplify seismic load analysis.
      • Effective earthquake forces and general loading
      • Development of the elastic response spectrum
      • Spectra of elastic design response
      • Modal properties and MDOF systems
   4. Week 7&8 - General Design Considerations for BridgesW04
      • Approaches to general design
      • Earthquake forces exerted on bridges
      • Combination of seismic loads
   5. Week 9&10 - IS: 1893 & IRC 6 OverviewW05
      • Understanding how the code development process works
      • Philosophy
      • Organization
      • The code development process
      • STAAD.Pro is loading descriptions
   6. Week 11&12 - Seismic Response and AnalysisW06
      • Detailed modelling of bridge components:
        • Superstructure and substructure
      • The difference between 2D and 3D analysis
      • Modelling of the effect of bearing:
        • Sliding bearing and fixed bearing
      • Effects of braking loads and thermal effects on bridges and their combination with seismic forces
   7. Week 13&14 - Seismic Analysis ConceptsW07
      • Various methods of structural analysis that are provided by IS 1893 and as per relevant IRC
      • Advantages and disadvantages of the methods
      • Limitations on their use
      • Concepts of effective stiffness, effective period, and superstructure displacement
      • Ratio of equivalent viscous damping
   8. Week 15&16 - Seismic Load AnalysisW08
      • Learn about the various methods of structural analysis provided by IS 1893
      • Advantages and disadvantages of the methods
      • Limitations on their use
      • Modal response: spectrum method
      • Other methods
      • Evaluation of the results of analysis
   9. Week 17&18 - Sesimic Design of SubstructureW09
      • Total base shear calculation and shear force distribution
      • Procedure for bridges with stiff substructure
      • Procedure for bridges with flexible substructures
      • Pier cap and pier section design
      • Forces on bearing
      • Seismic detailing
   10. Week 19&20- Sesimic Design of Bridge FoundationW10
       • Total base shear calculation and shear force distribution
       • Stability of foundations under seismic loads
       • Design of pad foundation for combinations of seismic loads
       • Distribution of lateral forces on the pile foundation
       • Seismic load design of piles and pile caps
       • Seismic Detailing
   11. Week 21&22 - Example: Analysis and Design of Single Span Integral BridgeW11
       • Learn to employ all the techniques on a hands-on project to design a single-span integral bridge
   12. Week 23&24 - Example: Analysis and Design of Multiple Span BridgeW12
       • Learn to employ all the techniques on a hands-on project to design a multi-span integral bridge.

Design of Bridge Foundations using STAAD.Pro

Design a Raft Foundation for a Box Bridge with Specific Dimensions and Safe Bearing Capacity

Learners are required to design a raft foundation for a box bridge with dimension and safe bearing capacity specifications that will be given.

Design of Bridge Foundations using STAAD.Pro

Design a Pile Foundation for an RCC Slab Bridge with Specific Dimensions and Safe Bearing Capacity

Learners are required to design a pile foundation for an RCC slab with dimension and safe bearing capacity specifications that will be given.

Design of Elevated Metro Viaducts using STAAD.Pro.

Design of I-girder Superstructure

In this project, you will be asked to design an I-girder superstructure for the metro viaduct of a given specification.

Design of Elevated Metro Viaducts using STAAD.Pro.

Design of substructure & foundation

In this project, you will be asked to design a pier foundation of the given size and pile capacity.

Seismic Design and Analysis of Bridges using STAAD.Pro

Estimate the forces on the substructure

In this project, you will be asked to estimate the forces acting on the substructure of a bridge system and analyze it using STAAD.Pro

Seismic Design and Analysis of Bridges using STAAD.Pro

Model a 3D structure in STAAD.Pro

In this project, you will be modelling a 3D structure and comparing the manual design calculations with the STAAD.Pro output

Design Loads considered on Bridges using STAAD.Pro

Basic load calculations for the given bridge data

In this project, you will be asked to determine the various loads like dead load, live load, earth pressure and seismic load acting on a bridge under a given specification and anal…

Design Loads considered on Bridges using STAAD.Pro

Load calculation on girder

In this project, you will be asked to determine the various loads like water current, centrifugal, Impact, Wave, Snow, Temperature & Barge Impact loads acting on a bridge under a g…

Design of Steel Superstructure for Bridges using STAAD.Pro

Analysis of truss and beam bridge

In this project, you will be creating an envelope of forces & load combinations for all applicable load cases. You will analyse the truss and beam from the given drawings.

Design of Steel Superstructure for Bridges using STAAD.Pro

Design of Steel Composite Bridge

In this project, you will be given a contour map of a riverbed and road profile. You will be asked to design a steel composite bridge for the given criteria.

Design of Bridge Substructures / Piers using STAAD.Pro

Portal Pier Analysis

In this project, students will have to model a portal pier in STAAD.Pro using the given data and compare the results obtained for beams and columns.

Design of Bridge Substructures / Piers using STAAD.Pro

Analysis and Design of Substructure of 5 - spans Box girder bridge.

In this project, students will have to analyse and design a substructure of a 5 - spans box girder bridge.

+ 2 more projects in the full syllabus