Objective To write a code in Matlab to solve the steady and unsteady 2D Heat conduction problem using implicit and explicit methods. Explanation The three dimensional conduction equation is    The 2D conduction equation at steady state in differential form is The above differential form is converted in to Numerical…

Objective  To write a program in Matlab to calculate specific heats, Enthalpy and entropy for all the species given in the NASA Thermodynamic data file  Introduction NASA Polynomials are used to calculate the specific heats, enthalpy and entropy for any given species in the data file.       …

Aim: To perform a 3-D simulation in Converge CFD to compare the emission and performance characteristics for a CAT 3410 diesel engine with different piston bowl geometry( namely Open-W and Omega pistons). Methodology: A sector simulation was carried out using two different piston bowl profiles.  The bowl profiles…

Objective To write a program in Matlab to simulate the forward kinematics of a 2R robotic arm. This simulation gives the workspace of a robot manipulator.  Introduction In Robotics, a manipulator is a device used to manipulate materials without direct contact. The applications are originally for dealing with radioactive…

Abstract- This study investigates the effects of biogas composition, equivalence ratio and intake charge temperature on combustion phasing, combustion stability and emissions characteristics for a biogas-fueled homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. A numerical model is validated against the experimental…

Objective To optimize the Diesel_4cyl_DIpulse_injratemap example case for low Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and Low NO (Nitrogen Oxide).   Model Overview & Explanation     The above engine model is a 4-cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, 2L diesel engine. The engine runs in "speed"…

Objective To explore FRM models and create a FRM model for a given engine configuration using FRM builder approach   FRM-(Fast Running Model)   A FRM model is a fully physical engine model that is designed specifically to run fast. When simulation speed is of priority, high-fidelity GT-POWER engine models…

Volume Meshers: Different types of core mesher in STAR-CCM+ 1) Tetrahedral Mesher The tetrahedral meshing model utilizes the tetrahedral cell shape in order to build the core mesh. In Simcenter STAR-CCM+, the Delaunay method is used to construct the mesh, which iteratively inserts points into the domain, forming high-quality…

Aim: To Apply Reynold\'s decomposition to the NS equations and come up with the expression for Reynold\'s stress Methodology: In general the flows are classified as Laminar, Transitional and Turbulent depending up on the value of Reynold\'s number. Flows at low reynold\'s number, Known as laminar flows are stable. At higher…

Steady State Analysis In steady state Analysis the solution is independent of time, hence it solves for the values at steady state. The fastest steady state analysis is achieved using SOR(Successive over relaxation) method at `alpha`(Relaxation factor) =1.7.   % Solving the steady 2D Heat conduction problem clear…

Objective To perform stability analysis for an unsteady heat flow for both implicit and explicit approach Courant Number The courant number is a necessary condition for convergence while solving certain partial differential equations numerically.    Courant number = `(alphaastDeltat)/(Deltax^2)+(alphaastDeltat)/(Deltay^2)` …

  Objective Detailed study of engine emissions, after-treatment devices, In-Cylinder strategies used to control tail pipe emissions and after-treatment models in GT-POWER.   Engine emissions Hydrocarbons are used as engine fuel. Petrol and Diesel are the two main hydrocarbon fuels being used as engine fuel for…

Aim- To setup a transient flow over a throttle body in CONVERGE CFD and analyse the results. Procedure-  A throttle body is made and air is allowed to pass through it. The simulation is executed for 10 millisecond. The flow takes place at a pressure difference of 50000 pa between the inlet and outlet. The initial…

Objective To do 1 Dimensional thermodynamic analysis of a Tractor engine for use in India with following targets.   MAX POWER 75 HP BSFC (Brake specific fuel consumption) Min- 210 g/kWh    Max- 225 g/kWh MAX TORQUE 1.20 * RATED_TORQUE ENGINE SPEED AT MAX POWER 2200 RPM ENGINE SPEED AT MAX TORQUE 1300…

Objective To model a single cylinder port injected spark ignition engine Case-1 Engine Speed=1800 RPM Air-flow rate= 24.6 kg/h The Brake mean effective pressure(BMEP) is the average pressure which if acts on the piston during the expansion stroke will produce the same brake power as that of the varying pressure. BMEP=…

  Types of Boundary conditions in STAR-CCM+ 1) Velocity Inlet - It controls how you define the velocity at the inlet of the flow domain 2) Mass Flow Inlet - The mass flow rate at the inlet is specified, from which the velocity can be calculated.  3) Stagnation Inlet - For this boundary type, you always set…

Objective To simulate the transient behaviour of a Damped pendulum using Matlab Descreption The differential equation governing the motion of a damped pendulum is In the above equation, g = gravity in m/s2, L = length of the pendulum in m, m = mass of the ball in kg, b=damping coefficient. This second order ordinary differential…

The purpose of stopping criteria is to specify  how long the solution runs for and under what conditions it stops iterating and/or marching in time.                                               …

Objective   To get engine specifications for any SI Engine model and run it for max torque and max power condition. SI Engine Modelling The Mercedes A class 180 engine specification was taken to make the SI engine model.         The bore and stroke values are calculated according to the engine…

Objective                 To write a code in Matlab to compare different finite difference schemes by comparing their error values  for different grid size for second order derivative of fourth order approximation. Descreption              …

Aim- To setup a steady state flow over a throttle body in CONVERGE CFD and analyse the results. Procedure-  A throttle body is made and air is allowed to pass through it. The simulation is executed for 15000 cycles. The flow takes place at a pressure difference of 50000 pa between the inlet and outlet. The initial…

Objective To explore the SI Engine with its aftertreatment system and compare the results of all cases   Simulation Model   Model Overview   There are two circuits in the above model:                                    …

Aim- To investigate the effect of varying grid size on the physical quantities of the fluid and its flow domain. Procedure- A backward step is created in converge with the following dimensions given in the below figure. Air is the fluid flowing through the domain with the pressure difference of 9000 pa between…

Objective To write a code to solve the 1D supersonic nozzle flow equations using MacCormack method. Problem Definition                                      The above image shows the different sections of the convergent divergent…

Aim: To perform the three-dimensional Numerical simulation for a port fuel injected, spark            ignited Gasoline engine  Pre-Analysis-  1) Importing the geometry and checking for surface errors:   The three-dimensional CAD geometry of the engine is imported…

Objective To calculate the drag force against a cyclist Introduction Drag is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object with respect to a surrounding fluid. The drag force can exist between two fluid layers or a fluid and a solid surface.                   …

Objective  To Compare SI and CI engine and study the performance parameters of CI Engine     CI Engine Model   BSFC (Brake specific fuel consumption) The brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC) is the ratio of the mass flow rate of fuel to the brake power. The BSFC for diesel engines is lower compared…

Objective To study and model different types of turbocharger using GT-POWER Descreption Forced Induction vs naturally aspirated engines If more air is available then more fuel can be burned producing more power. In naturally aspirated engines, the atmospheric air enters the engine at atmospheric pressure and due to throttling…

Aim To study the effect of Discretization length of the intake runner on engine performance parameters and simulation time and to explore a tutorial on the Discretization process.   Explanation A 1 cylinder Diesel engine model is used to study the Discretization length       The above discretization…

Objective- To understand the air flow over an Ahmed body and calculate the drag and lift coefficients and validate the velocity profile with the experimental data. CAD-Geometry, Meshing and Solver setup:                                 …

Aim: To understand different types of forces acting on a moving vehicle Objectives: Instantaneous gross vehicle propulsion power calculation for a given set of input conditions Governing equations: The wheel of a car undergoes rolling motion which is the combination of rotation and translation and assuming rolling without…

Aim: To simulate vehicle performance using the Advisor tool. Simulation1: For EV_defaults_in file, if cargo mass is 500 kg with all other default conditions, can the vehicle travel for 45 km with FTP drive cycle?  The EV_defaults in file is a battery electric vehicle(BEV). BEV's use only battery as energy source.…