Week-4 Challenge WOT Condition Part-2

                                                                                   WOT Condition Part-2

OBJECTIVE:-

1. What is the difference between the mapped and dynamic models of engine, motor, and generator? How can you change the model type? 

2. How does the model calculate miles per gallon? Which factors are considered to model fuel flow? 

3. Run the HEV ReferenceApplication with WOT drive cycle. Change the grade and wind velocity in the environment block. Comment on the results.

4. Keeping all other parameters the same, compare the simulated results of hybrid and pure electric powertrains.

Simulation of EV:-

HOW TO CHANGE THE MAPPED SYSTEM TO DYNAMIC SYSTEM OR DYNAMIC SYSTEM TO MAPPED SYSTEM:

Mapped:-

Implement a mapped (steady-state ) compression _ignition engine model using power air mass flow fuel flow exhaust temperature, efficiency, and emission performance lookup tables you can use the control design or vehicle level fuel economy and performance simulations

The mapped model uses preassigned data only in lookup tables means it runs on the data which is predefined for the model and has not real-time considerations.

As it runs without considering the real-time parameters, it takes less time for simulation.

But the output is not as accurate as the dynamic model.

This type of model is suitable when we do not know the input values on our own. And the outputs we get correspond to given predefined input values.

Dynamic model:-

The dynamic models generate the final output by combining the output of various subsystems which is fed as an input in real-time for the simulations.

The new input values for the simulation changes according to the feedback of the systems from the previous results.

The simulation in the dynamic model takes a longer time than the mapped one cause there are many individual simulations that occur at the same time for different data.

But the accuracy of these types of models is high as it considers the real-time output of subsystems like engine, motor & generators for the final output of the system.

For Ex, in the case of the engine, Dynamic engines decompose engine behavior into individual component models that account for engine dynamics, most notably intake airflow and turbocharger dynamics.

2.How does the model calculate miles per gallon? Which factors are considered to model fuel flow?

. MPG, or miles per gallon, is the distance, measured in miles, that a car can travel per gallon of fuel.

. MPG is also the primary measurement of a car's fuel efficiency:

. The higher a car's MPG, the more fuel-efficient it is

. A car's MPG can be inconsistent because it is affected by a number of different factors, so it is difficult to get an accurate measurement.

. For example, factors like traffic and road conditions can affect MPG in any given context.

.That's why the EPA runs tests over a standard set of courses, then averages the results to calculate a vehicle's official MPG.

. Highway MPG: the average a car will get while driving on an open stretch of road without stopping or starting, typically at a higher speed.

. City MPG: the score a car will get on average in city conditions, with stopping and starting at lower speeds.

Factors influencing the mileage of the vehicle:

  BATTERY POWER

  Fuel Volume

  Speed

 To calculate the mileage of the vehicle in terms of miles per gallon, we need to note down the distance shown on the odometer. Fill the tank up to its full and note it down.

* Consider the vehicle travels to the desired distance. The distance between the initial distance and final distance is measured.

* The Obtained value is divided by the volume consumed.

3.Run the HEV ReferenceApplication with WOT drive cycle. Change the grade and wind velocity in the environment block. Comment on the results.

The HEV model is opened.

* Set the WOT condition, which is associated with the IC engine, where the maximum intake of air and fuel takes place, when the throttle body is wide open, and change the parameters as shown in the diagram.

This graph shows that the result of Wide-open throttle occurs in the HYBRID vehicles.

 From the given image, deceleration occurs, which is mentioned in WOT condition.

As the vehicle travels, there is an increase in current since we need more power while accelerating.

The higher the value of the current, the higher will be the rotation of the shaft in the motor, due to Electromagnetic Induction.

The state of charge depletes when the vehicle continues to travel and while decelerating, the SOC increases and gets recharged.

4. Keeping all other parameters the same, compare the simulated results of hybrid and pure electric powertrains.

 The BEV model is opened.

. Set the WOT condition, where the maximum intake of air and fuel take place, when the throttle body is wide open. and change the parameters as shown in the diagram.

Verdict:-

 The Hybrid Vehicles have engines and Generators whilst the Electric Vehicles have Battery and Motors.

 From the image, deceleration occurs after 30 seconds and with respect to that the state of chargedrops and current required to drive the vehicle forward also drops down.

The conclusion is that Efficiency of the Electric Vehicle is higher,compared to Hybrid Vehicle.

Result:-

 The explanation of the difference between Mapped and Dynamic model of the engine, Motor, Generator and to change the type of Model is carried out.

The calculation of the efficiency and mileage in MILES PER GALLON and list the factors influencing the flow is done

 The running of the Wide open Throttle and also change the grade and wind velocity in the ENVIRONMENT block in the HEV reference application is applied, and also in electric vehicle, and the case study also has been done.