Structural analysis of a buidling using Robot Structural Analysis

1) What are HVAC systems? Why are they essential in the modelling of buildings

Ans:  HVAC Systems:

• HVAC systems are responsible for the regulation of heat, airflow, ventilation, and air conditioning of an entire building. You won’t see the machines when you enter the building but you will most certainly feel the effects of a comfortable and well-ventilated workplace.
• Here are some of the top reasons why business owners opt to have reliable HVAC systems in place for their office buildings.
• HVAC systems control the overall climate in the building. They also make the proper adjustments whenever we experience changes in outdoor temperature.
• During the winter season, the HVAC systems (mainly the boilers or heaters) work to keep the indoor temperature at a comfortable level.
• In hotter times of the season, the HVAC systems regulate air temperature by providing the necessary cooling to keep the entire building comfortable.
• Having a comfortable office climate increases the level of productivity and increases morale amongst the workers and employees.
• If you let your people work in settings conducive for work, they will surely be motivated to perform better because they feel good in their work environment.
• No employee will enjoy working in an office where it is freezing, or in an office where you frequently have to ignore your perspiration just to focus on your computer screen.
• Having a proper HVAC system installed is guaranteed to make your employees happy, hence, giving you better work results in return.
• HVAC systems not only regulate the temperature inside the building, they also improve the quality of air.
• The quality of air pertains to humidity, and a typical HVAC system will reduce the amount of humidity in the air so your workers and employees can continue enjoying a cozy and pleasant atmosphere at work.
• Proper HVAC systems are a worthy investment for any business or building owner because it gives you energy savings.
• HVAC systems today are automated, which means you no longer have to manually adjust the temperature settings or the time settings of each machine.

HVAC system is basically an assembly of various types of equipment installed together to provide heating and cooling along with indoor climate control. HVAC systems involve mechanical, electrical and I & C components to provide comfort to the occupants of building/space or to preserve goods, products or items placed in space.

HVAC cooling systems may be integrated with HVAC heating systems or these may be installed separately depending upon HVAC design. HVAC system also serves on industrial scale to keep the machinery running by maintaining the temperature of space/hall/room where machines are installed. HVAC water chillers have become essential for any industry for its various needs.

The appropriate application of advanced control strategies in Heating, Ventilation, and Air-conditioning (HVAC) systems is key to improving the energy efficiency of buildings. Significant advances have been made in the past decades on model development to provide better control over the energy consumption of system components while simultaneously ensuring a satisfactory indoor environment in terms of thermal comfort and indoor air quality. Yet it is an ongoing challenge to select and implement the best-suited modeling technique for improving the control strategy of HVAC systems. For the development of modeling research it is important that the building research community is informed about the role, application, merits, shortcomings and outcomes of different modeling techniques used in HVAC systems. Even though several review articles have been published on modeling techniques, the weaknesses and strengths of these modeling techniques, along with performances of developed models associated with research studies, have rarely been identified. This study presents a critical review of current modeling techniques used in HVAC systems regarding their applicability and ease of acceptance in practice and summarizes the strengths, weaknesses, applications and performance of these modeling techniques. Additionally, the performance and outcome of some of the developed models used in real world HVAC systems have been discussed. From the extensive critical review it is evident that almost every model has a major/minor shortcoming generated from assumptions, unmeasured disturbances or uncertainties in some system properties. This review aims at highlighting the shortcomings of existing application-based research on HVAC systems, and accordingly, recommendations are presented to improve the performance of building HVAC systems.

2) From week 7 assignment, based on the building designed use the same Revit file to design a HVAC system for each floor to cover the topics included in the class.
            a. Typical HVAC unit includes Distribution center
            b. Collector
            c. Ducts
            d. Blower
Based on the layout choose appropriate ducts and elevation using property browser and assign the components to appropriate groups to complete modeling of the HVAC unit

Ans:

    AIM:- To design a HVAC system for each floor based on the building designed.

    INTRODUCTION:-

• HVAC is an important part of residential structures such as single family homes, apartment buildings, hotels and senior living facilities, medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and hospitals, vehicles such as cars, trains, airplanes, ships and submarines, and in marine environments, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors.

    PROCEDURE:-

    Step:-1

• First we open the new project with the mechanical template, as shown below.

Step:-2

• After opening the new project we use the manage links toolbar to link the previous project in the new project, as shown below.
• Next the previous project is linked to the mechanical project.

    Step:-3

• Next we provide air terminals and the mechanical equipment in the building, as shown below.

    Step:-4

• Next we turn it into the three dimensional model, as shown below.

RESULT:-

• HVAC system has been successfully designed for each floor based on the building designed.

3) Use the add-ins tab to load plug-ins for robot structural analysis to your Revit software

Ans:

    AIM:- To load plug-ins for robot structural analysis to your Revit software using the add-ins tab.

    INTRODUCTION:-

• Robot Structural Analysis Professional is structural load analysis software that verifies code compliance and uses BIM-integrated workflows to exchange data with Revit.
• It can help you to create more resilient, constructible designs that are accurate, coordinated, and connected to BIM. 

    PROCEDURE:-

    Step:-1

• First we click on the autodesk app store, as shown below.
• After clicking this, the autodesk store website will be opened.
• Next download the structural analysis toolkit 2023 from the autodesk app store.

    Step:-2

• After installing the structural analysis toolkit, open the revit software.
• Then open the analyze toolbar, the robot structural analysis option will appears at the right side corner, as shown below.

    RESULT:-

• The robot structural analysis is successfully installed from the autodesk app store.

4) Why do we need to assess buildings/analyze while modeling elements? Does design affect modeling in anyways?

Ans: A structure refers to a body or system of connected parts which support a load. structural analysis is the determination of the effects of loads on physical structures and their components. Structures subject to this type of analysis include all that must withstand loads, such as buildings, bridges, aircraft and ships. Structural analysis employs the fields of applied mechanics,material science and applied mathematics to compute a structure's deformations, internal forces,stresses support reactions, accelerations, and stability. The results of the analysis are used to verify a structure's fitness for use, often precluding physical tests. Structural analysis is thus a key part of the engineering design of structures.

modelling involves many other factors which are important for a building to withstand gravitational loads are sensibly vulnerable if subjected to extraordinary factors such as earthquakes, exhibiting cracks even for events of moderate intensity compared to other structural typologies like as concrete or steel buildings.

designers need to compare a lot of different drawings to ensure everything matches up. even the smallest of inconsistencies may damage the project .one missed piece of information may not show up at the design stage. however it will certainly have an effect when you come to build your structure. we have to do modelling as per the design. so design definitely affects modelling.

Structural analysis is the process of calculating the forces, moments and deflections to which the members in a structure are to be subjected. There is a vast range of analysis tools offering speed, precision and economy of design. 3-D, FE modelling, bespoke portal frame, cellular beam or plate grider design software are now widely available. Modelling catenary actions, cold formed member performance or grillage analysis - all these are now commonplace for structures, where hand analysis is impossible. Increasingly sophisticated analysis methods continue to improve the accuracy with which the behaviour of structures can be predicted.

To perform an accurate analysis a structural engineer must determine information such as structural loads, geometry, support conditions, and material properties. The results of such an analysis typically include support reactions, stresses and displacements. This information is then compared to criteria that indicate the conditions of failure. Advanced structural analysis may examine dynamic response, stability and non-linear behavior. There are three approaches to the analysis: the mechanics of materials approach (also known as strength of materials), the elasticity theory approach (which is actually a special case of the more general field of continuum mechanism), and the finite elements approach. The first two make use of analytical formulations which apply mostly simple linear elastic models, leading to closed-form solutions, and can often be solved by hand. The finite element approach is actually a numerical method for solving differential equations generated by theories of mechanics such as elasticity theory and strength of materials. However, the finite-element method depends heavily on the processing power of computers and is more applicable to structures of arbitrary size and complexity.

5) From the structural model developed in week 6 and 7, export the complete analytical model to robot structural analysis.
            a. List your assumptions on what boundary conditions will be realistic for the analysis approach
            b. Use the design standards to decide what loads must be applied to floorings based on the type of structure decided
            c. List the load combinations and include them in the analysis model
            d. Analyze the building and report the following results
                             i. Maximum Moment in each floor for all Load Combinations
                             ii. Maximum Displacement in each floor for all Load combinations
                             iii. Lateral Displacement in building for all Lateral Load combinations

Ans:

    AIM:- To export the complete analytical model to robot structural analysis from the structural model developed in week 6 and 7.

    INTRODUCTION:-

• Robot Structural Analysis Professional is structural load analysis software that verifies code compliance and uses BIM-integrated workflows to exchange data with Revit.
• It can help you to create more resilient, constructible designs that are accurate, coordinated, and connected to BIM. 

    PROCEDURE:-

    Step:-1

• First we have to open the structural model.
• Next we open the structural settings in the manage toolbar, as shown below.

Step:-2

• Next we add the boundry conditions to the analytical model, as shown in the below figure.
• Next we apply the loads to the analytical model using the loads option in the analyze toolbar, as shown below.

    Step:-3

• Next we have to exoport the complete analytical model to the robot structural analysis, using the robot structural analysis option in the analyze toolbar, as shown in the below figure.

    Step:-4

• After selecting the robot structural analysis option the new tab will be visible and click on the ok button, as shown in the below figure.

    Step:-5

• Here there is an error for exporting the analytical model to robot structural analysis, as shown below.
• Now we can't able to export the analytical model to robot structural analysis.
• And the results manager is also getting an error, as shown in the below figure.

    RESULT:-

6) What is energy analysis and why do we need to consider it while modeling in Revit?

How does the factor of sustainability improve the quality of your design?

Ans:

Energy simulation can help you analyze the movement of energy in, out, and through the rooms and volumes in a building model. This information can help designers make better informed, cost-effective decisions that improve the performance and reduce the environmental impact of buildings.Whole building energy simulation measures expected energy use (fuel and electricity) based on the building's geometry, climate, building type, envelope properties, and active systems (HVAC & Lighting). It takes into account the interdependencies of the building as a whole system.

By performing energy analysis on proposed designs during the conceptual stage, you can make informed decisions early in the design process. The analysis results can provide insight into the role of building form and materials on potential building energy use.To use Energy Analysis for Autodesk® Revit®, first use Revit to create several conceptual masses to visualize different design ideas. For each mass, enable mass floors, define energy settings, and submit an energy simulation to the Autodesk Green Building Studio cloud service. When Revit displays an alert, the simulation is complete and ready for viewing.

After performing energy simulations for the proposed designs, compare the results. Discard ideas that don't meet minimum sustainability standards. Iterate the more successful designs by changing their position, shape, materials, or other variables to improve the energy analysis results. When you choose a conceptual design for development, you can continue to work in Revit, adding building elements to the model based on the conceptual mass.environmentlly sustainable buildings also have significant operational cost saving reducing energy required to heat and cool the building, more efficient lighting systems and optimize the econoimc perfomance.considering a sustainable design philosophy encourages the decisions at each phase of design process that will reduce the negative impacts on the environment and health of occupants,without compromising the bottom line.