Creating Kitchen layout, Hatching of Architectural elements and sectional view of an Industrial Building in AutoCad

Aim:- To draft the kitchen layout, hatching of architectural elements and sectional view of industrial building

Introduction:

• Kitchen layout , hatching for architectural elements and section of a building is important in the construction 
• Section is used to see the cross section of the building
• Hatching is used to show the section of a building or a property of a element
• For example:- The building section needs a hatching for the wall use a ANSI 31. Here ANSI 31 is the property for the wall

AutoCAD:-

It is essential to draft the geometry

The different tools required in this drafts are construction line  (XL), text(MTEXT), fillet (F), offset (O), Hatching (H) and Hatch edit (HE) block (B), trim (TR).

Procedure:-

• Go to start menu, click on Start drawing
• Type stratup (Enter) in command line 
• Enter the new value of start up:1
• Go to application menu and select new or type new in command line
• In the "create new drawing" dialogue box contains imperial  type of systems and metric type of system 
• We select the metric system in the "start from scratch" option
• After that in Advance setup option select the decimal unit system in the units 

The above procedure should be followed every time when the new sheet is opened 

                               

                               Entering the start up command in the command line       

                             

                             Entering the value 1 for the start up

                                    

                            When we go to the new file then we get this file select the metric from start from scratch

                            

                           Then advance setup setting should be done by clicking OK 

                                 

                          Keep the units in decimal and adjust precision then click next            

                           

                           Keep angle in decimal degree and adjust precision then click next

                             

                          Select the angle measurement in east and click on next                    

                          

                            Select angle direction in counter clockwise and click on next

                           

                           Keep the width as 12m and length of 9m as default and click on finish

Aim:- To draft the kitchen layout by using AutoCAD

Procedure:-

By using direct distance entry method

• Here all the units are in metric (millimetre)
• Select the construction line tool by entering XL (Enter) in the command line
• Select the vertical line and place it any where on the screen
• Next by using a same command (construction line) select horizontal line and place it on the screen
• Take a offset of 300mm for the outer wall from the vertical line 
• Take a offset of 300mm  for the outer wall from the horizontal line

To get the kitchen below counter plan

• Take a offset of 1000mm, 600mm, 450mm, 300mm, 900mm, 300mm, 715mm respectively from the 300mm wall in +ve x-direction at the top
• Take a offset of 600mm from the top in -ve y-direction
• Again take a offset of 10mm from every offset distance towards left and right side in +ve and -ve x-direction
• Take a offset of 35mm, 900mm, 450mm, 900mm, 450mm, 450mm, 450mm, 630mm, 35mm respectively from the 300mm wall in +ve x-direction at the below
• Take a offset of 600mm from the below in -ve y-direction
• Again take a offset of 10mm from every offset distance towards left and right side in +ve and -ve x-direction

To get the kitchen above counter plan

• Take a offset of 35mm, 450mm, 900mm, 900mm, 900mm, 1080mm, 35mm respectively from the 300mm wall in +ve x-direction at the below
• Take a offset of 360mm from the below in +ve y-direction
• Again take a offset of 10mm from every offset distance towards left and right side in +ve and -ve x-direction
• Take a offset of 35mm, 965mm, 600mm, 2665mm (divide it as 3 lines )respectively from the 300mm wall in -ve x-direction at the top
• Take a offset of 600mm from the top in -ve y-direction
• Again take a offset of 10mm from every offset distance towards left and right side in +ve and -ve x-direction

Layers used are

• Outer wall - Red
• Cabinet - ACI 20
• Doors - Yellow
• Windows - ACI 240
• Dimension - Magenta
• Text - Cyan

                                             Layers for kitchen layout

Result:-

 

                                             Kitchen layout in AutoCAD

Aim:- To draft the elevation of a building

                      

Procedure:-

By using direct distance entry method

• Here all the units are in Decimals (milimeter)
• Select the construction line tool by entering XL (Enter) in the command line
• Project vertical lines and horizontal lines which cuts at the axis A-A
• Draw the construction line below which is the base line or Ground level for the section
• Take a offset of 150mm from the base 

Ground floor

• Take a offset of 2450mm from the GL
• Create a column section by using a projected lines
• Column having a dimensions 250mm, 375mm, 125mm
• Draw a line horizontal where all the column touches the lines
• Trim off the inner portion of the column by using a trim command TR
• Projection dimension is 400mm from the outside of the wall in -ve x-direction and 40mm upwards in +ve y-directionand join the lintel having a 100mm thick in +ve x-direction

            

                                                                Ground floor elevation

First floor 

• Take a offset of 2850mm from the 2450mm line
• Create a windows and balcony for the building 
• Then take a offset of 914 mm from the 2850 line to get the sill level
• Then take a offset of 2134mm from the 2850 line to get the door and window level
• Then take a offset of 2209mm from the 2850 line to get the lintel level
• Then take a offset of 2775mm from the 2850 line to get the floor level
• Then take a offset of 2850 from the 2850 line to get the slab level
• Create a balcony from 914mm (sill level) to 2209 (lintel level)
• Trim off the unwanted lines 
• Projection dimension is 400mm from the outside of the wall in -ve x-direction and 40mm upwards in +ve y-directionand join the lintel having a 100mm thick in +ve x-direction
• Height of the door is 2209mm and height of the windows are 2134 from the 2450mm line
• Height of the windows from the 2209mm line is 610mm and 1220mm which is W4 and W2 respetively

             

                                                                        First floor elevation

Second floor 

• Take a offset of 2850mm from the 2450mm line
• Create a windows and balcony for the building 
• Then take a offset of 914 mm from the 2850 line to get the sill level
• Then take a offset of 2134mm from the 2850 line to get the door and window level
• Then take a offset of 2209mm from the 2850 line to get the lintel level
• Then take a offset of 2775mm from the 2850 line to get the floor level
• Then take a offset of 2850 from the 2850 line to get the slab level
• Create a balcony from 914mm (sill level) to 2209 (lintel level)
• Trim off the unwanted lines 
• Projection dimension is 400mm from the outside of the wall in -ve x-direction and 40mm upwards in +ve y-directionand join the lintel having a 100mm thick in +ve x-direction
• Height of the door is 2209mm and height of the windows are 2134 from the 2450mm line
• Height of the windows from the 2209mm line is 610mm and 1220mm which is W4 and W2 respetively

                 

                                                                      Second floor elevation

Third floor 

• Take a offset of 2850mm from the 2450mm line
• Create a windows and balcony for the building 
• Then take a offset of 914 mm from the 2850 line to get the sill level
• Then take a offset of 2134mm from the 2850 line to get the door and window level
• Then take a offset of 2209mm from the 2850 line to get the lintel level
• Then take a offset of 2775mm from the 2850 line to get the floor level
• Then take a offset of 2850 from the 2850 line to get the slab level
• Create a balcony from 914mm (sill level) to 2209 (lintel level)
• Trim off the unwanted lines 
• Projection dimension is 400mm from the outside of the wall in -ve x-direction and 40mm upwards in +ve y-direction and join the lintel having a 100mm thick in +ve x-direction
• Height of the door is 2209mm and height of the windows are 2134 from the 2450mm line
• Height of the windows from the 2209mm line is 610mm and 1220mm which is W4 and W2 respetively

                 

                                                                         Third floor elevation

Parapet wall

• Take a offset of 2000mm from the 2850mm line in +ve y-direction
• Draw a line near the left window having a length 2000mm in +ve y-direction
• Take a offset of 5000mm from the 2000mm line in +ve x-direction
• Draw a door having a width 742mm and heigth 1334 then take a offset of 10mm inside that door
• Then take a offset of 1000mm from the 2000mm in +ve y-direction
• Draw a line at the left end having a length 1000mm in +ve y-direction
• Take a offset of 2500mm from the 1000mm line in +ve x-direction

                    

                                                                        Parapet wall of elevation

Give a design for windows

At bottom

• Take a offset of 10mm and offset the left right and bottom lines in -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction, -ve y- direction respectively
• Take a offset of 20mm from 10mm offseted line in left side and right side in -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction
• Take a offset of 10mm from the center line of the window in -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction
• Take a offset of 20mm 2 times from the 10mm bottom side offseted line to bottom in -ve y-direction
• Join the lines then give a 35mm line at each ends left and right for 2 lines in  -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction

At the top

• Give a projection of 150mm by using a line at each ends in -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction
• Take a line and draw 10mm line vertically in +ve y-direction at both ends
• Take a line and draw 69.5mm line horizontally in +ve x-direction at both ends
• Connect it by using a inclined lines
• Take a offset of 10mm for inclined lines
• Use a extend command to connect the lines equally
• Trim off the unwanted lines

                                      

                                                                         Window design

Make the window as a block

• Make it as a block by using a block command B 
• Then give a name for this block, pick a point of this drawing, then specify the object.
• Click on the convert into block, uniform scaling, allow exploding then click on ok
• Now the drawing what you selected is converted into the block

                                 

                                             Block for window

Give a design for verandha

• Take a offset of 10mm and offset the left right top and bottom lines in -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction, +ve y-direction and  -ve y- direction respectively
• Take a offset of 200mm and offset the left right top and bottom lines in -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction, +ve y-direction and  -ve y- direction respectively
• Give a projection of 160mm by using a line at each ends in -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction
• Take a line and draw 100mm line vertically from 160mm line in +ve y-direction at both ends and connect that lines
• Take a line and draw 50mm line vertically from 100mm line in +ve y-direction at both ends and connect that lines

             

                                                 Design for verandha

Give design for elevation

• Draw a rectangle having a dimension 200mmx300mm
• Take a offset of 10mm from the 200mmx300mm rectangle
• Make a copy by using a copy command plce it near that rectangle 
• Select these two rectangle and take a copy command and place these rectangle in middle and end of the elevation

Layers used for elevation are

• Balcony - ACI 102
• Doors - Magenta 
• Dimension - Yellow
• Elevation - ACI 20
• Lintel - ACI 150
• Multileader- ACI 230
• Text -  Cyan
• Verandha - ACI 40
• Windows - ACI 240

                      Layers used for elevation and section of industrial building

Result:-

                        

                                                                        Elevation of a building

Aim:- To draft the sectional view of industrial building

      

Procedure:-

By using direct distance entry method -ve x-direction, +ve x-direction, +ve y-direction and  -ve y- direction 

• Here all the units are in Decimal (millimeters)
• Select the construction line tool by entering XL (Enter) in the command line
• Select the vertical line and place it any where on the screen
• Next by using a same command (construction line) select horizontal line and place it on the screen
• Use a offset command for creating a table. The shortcut command is O enter
• Take a offset of 5315mm, 5320mm, 3900mm,4720mm, 1020mm, 5025mm, from the vertical construction line in +ve x-direction
• Take a offset of 5800mm, 5550mm from the base line and again take a offset of 300mmm from the 5800mm line in +ve y-direction
• Take a offset of 250mm, 700mm, 800mm from the base line in -ve y- direction 
• Take a offset of 1500mm from the vertical 700mm line to draw a wall for the filtered feed tank
• Draw a vetrical line from 1500mm upto 5800mm line
• Take a offset of 500mm from the vertical base line to draw a wall for the filtered feed tank in -ve x-direction
• Again take a offset of 2500mm from the offseted 500mm and again take a offset of 500mm from the 2500mm line in -ve x-direction
• Take a offset of 250mm from the 300mm line which is at top in -ve y- direction
• Take a offset of 25mm from the 300mm line which is at top in +ve y- direction to provide a gap to the wall
• Project it from right to left where the other wall connects it which is a horizontal wall
• Then the wall for filtered feed tank is created
• Take a offset of 750mm to create a opening for the manhole
• Take a offset of 20mm, 50mm, 200mm, 450mm from the horizontal wall to create a duct  -ve y- direction
• Create a sleeve sprinler in beam for fire pipe near the pump room
• Draw a fire pipe from the duct till the base line
• Connect all the walls
• Trim off the unwanted lines
• At the left side of the wall draw a line having a length 2500 in -ve x-direction
• AT the bottom connect the  offseted values of  250mm, 700mm, 800mm from the base line in -ve y- direction 
• In the middle portion take a offset of 100mm from the 250mm line,  take a offset of 200mm from the 100mm line and take a offset of 100mm from the 200mm line to create a concrete bed and PCC
• Trim off the unwanted lines
• Draw a 3 lines vertically having a height 1900mm. 2 lines from the wall edge left and right side which is at the top and another from the level +00 lines
• Draw a geometry in the middle portion of wall which is at the top. Use a line command and draw vertical line 550mm from the mid in +ve y- direction , draw the horizontal line of 3900mm  in +ve x-direction and close it
• Trim off the unwanted lines
• Draw a vertical lines from the created geometry having length 1350mm in +ve y-direction
• Use a hatch command and hatch the portion of the wall with concrete 
• Use a hatch command and hatch the portion of the below wall with solids 
• Trim off the unwanted lines

Layers used for elevation are

• Ceneter line - ACI 8
• Concrete hatching - ACI 11 
• Dimension - Yellow
• Multileader- ACI 230
• Section  - ACI 31
• Solid hatching - ACI 181
• Text -  Cyan

       

                      Layers used for elevation and section of industrial building

Result:-

             

                                                                      Section of industrial building