Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

CREATING 3D ISOMETRIC VIEW OF VARIOUS STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN AUTOCAD

INTRODUCTION:

ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS-

An isometric drawing is a 3D representation of an object, room, building or design on a 2D surface. One of the defining characteristics of an isometric drawing, compared to other types of 3D representation, is that the final image is not distorted. This is due to the fact that the foreshortening of the axes is equal. The word isometric comes from Greek to mean 'equal measure'. Isometric drawings differ from other types of axonometric drawing, including dimetric and trimetric projections, in which different scales are used for different axes to give a distorted final image. In an isometric drawing, the object appears as if it is being viewed from above from one corner, with the axes being set out from this corner point. Isometric drawings begin with one vertical line along which two points are defined. Any lines set out from these points should be constructed at an angle of 30 degrees.

RENDER-

The term render comes from the graphics world where a rendering is an artist's drawing of what a new structure would look like. In computer-aided design (CAD), a rendering is a particular view of a 3D model that has been converted into a realistic image. It includes basic lighting such as Gouraud shading as well as more sophisticated effects that simulate shadows, reflection and refraction. It may also include the application of textures to the surfaces.

1. AIM:

           To create the 3D isometric view of building with plan and elevation given

Commands used: Line, Rectangle, Extrude, Region, Subtract, Ucs, Dimlinear, Units, Dimstyle, Erase, 3Drotate, 3DOrbit, Boundary, Copy, Move etc.,

PROCEDURE:

• First open the AutoCAD and go to 3D modelling
• Then set the units of the drawing as Engineering (feet and inches)
• Now, go to top view and draw the plan as given and enter the dimensions
• 
• Draw the elevation at A and B as per given dimensions by taking right view and enter the dimensions
• Now go to SW direction and extrude the wall by using boundary, region commands and provide space for the window
• Draw the window and provide necessary hatchings
• Now change view to realistic and the required 3D isometric views are obtained
• 

2. AIM:

           To create the 3D view of building facade as given in plan and elevation

Commands used: Line, Rectangle, Extrude, Region, Subtract, Ucs, Dimlinear, Units, Dimstyle, Erase, 3Drotate, 3DOrbit, Boundary, Copy, Move etc.,

PROCEDURE:

• First open the AutoCAD and go to 3D modelling
• Then set the units of the drawing as Engineering (feet and inches)
• Now, go to top view and draw the plan as given, give the hatches and enter the dimensions
• Hide the hatches and dimensions and go to SW view to draw the elevation
• Create the boundary for the wall and extrude upwards at an height of 40'10"
• Now create the windows at the required positions with 3'x4'
• Section AA is drawn above the wall
• Using union command unite the wall and required components
• Draw the details of the window as per given in right view and give diemnsions
• Now change the view to realistic and we get the required 3d views

3. AIM:

           To create the 3D view of stair with railing as given in plan and elevation

Commands used: Line, Rectangle, Extrude, Region, Subtract, Ucs, Dimlinear, Units, Dimstyle, Erase, 3Drotate, 3DOrbit, Boundary, Copy, Move etc.,

PROCEDURE:

• First open the AutoCAD and go to 3D modelling
• Then set the units of the drawing as Engineering (feet and inches)
• Now, go to top view and draw the plan as given and enter the dimensions
• Go to front view and draw the side elevation as staitrcase
• Riser is taken as 6 " and thread is taken 1'
• Now, This is converted into region and extrude at a distance of 4'
• For handrail, take 3dpolyline and draw from the center point of first stair to landing on both sides
• Draw a circle of radius 2" and using extrude and path handrail is drawn
• Now draw another circle of radius 2" for balustrade in required positions and extrude at a height of 3'
• Provide necessary text and dimension
• Change the view to realistic

4. AIM:

           To create the 3D view of a wall with spread footing, also create the rendered view of the model with materials of choice

Commands used: Line, Rectangle, Extrude, Region, Subtract, Ucs, Dimlinear, Units, Dimstyle, Erase, 3Drotate, 3DOrbit, Boundary, Copy, Move etc.,

PROCEDURE:

• First open the AutoCAD and go to 3D modelling
• Then set the units of the drawing as Decimal (millimeters)
• Now, go to top view and draw the plan as given, give the hatches and enter the dimensions
• Similarly draw the section of wall footing
• Hide the hatches and dimensions and go to SW view to draw the elevation
• By using 3drotate rotate the section by 90 degree angle
• Create the boundary for the section and extrude at a distance of 7500
• Now create the door at the required position
• Go to visualize tab and assign materials to the each elements
• Now change the view to realistic and we get the required 3d views
• Again go to visualize and click on render to get the rendered view as required

RESULTS:

1. The 3D isometric view of building with plan and elevation given is

2. The 3D view of building facade as given in plan and elevation is

3. The 3D view of stair with railing as given in plan and elevation is

4. The 3D view of a wall with spread footing and rendered view of the model with materials of choice is