Week 2 Challenge

1. 1. How will you assign Circular section to column?

• Go to properties > select define > Inorder to define assign circular section to the column, click on circle and enter the radius of the column > assign the defined circle to the member. 

1. 2. How will you assign Unit system to a .std model file?

• First of all, even if you have modeled in metric units, you can still get the data displayed in imperial units. 
• To do that in Connect Edition version, We just need to go to views > Display Options > and set appropriate units for Structure Units, Section Units, Force Units etc. as needed.
• The model data will then be displayed graphically in those units.

1. 3. What are the parameters to be specified while using “Bay Frame” option?

• To Create Bay Frame the parameters to be specified are length, width, height, No. of bays along the length, No. of bays along width, No. of bays along height.
• Go to geometry > select structure wizard a default default wizard tabs opens > change the model type to frame models > double click on bay frame and enter the parameter based on the requirement in the dialogue box appeared.

1. 4. Name few codal standards incorporated in STAAD Pro software.

• Euro code, ACI code, IS code

1. 5. How will you specify the design compressive strength for a RCC section?

• Go to Design > Change the current code as per requirement > select design parameters, dialogue vox appears > select Fc in order to specify the design compressive strength value > Apply > Ok.

2. 1. State the “Input” steps involved in RCC design.

The steps involved in RCC design:-

• Geometry
• Properties
• Materials
• Specification
• Support
• Loading and Load combinations
• Analysis
• Design

 2. 2. Explain the difference between Fixed and Enforced support condition in STAADPro.

• When the fixed type of support is specified, for those degrees of freedom which are to be treated as fully restrained, STAAD assumes the displacements to be known quantities whose value is zero.
• Hence, these degrees of freedom are not considered for the stiffness matrix and their value is not calculated.
• When the enforced type of support is specified, for those degrees of freedom which are to be treated as restrained, STAAD assign a spring with a spring stiffness – translational stiff springs for translational restraints and rotational stiff springs for rotational restraints.
• Those degrees of freedom which are free to displace are assigned springs of zero stiffness. Hence for all the 6 degrees of freedom at such supports, the displacements are calculated.
• The one which have a stiff spring with end up having a negligible displacement and those with zero stiffness springs will have a displacement based on the structure geometry, properties and loading.

3. 1. Explain the steps involved in analysis of a model using STAAD Pro sequentially.

• Read/Study Drawing (Plan/Ele/Sec)
• Input Geometry
• Input Properties
• Input Specs/Constants/Support
• Run Analysis
• Specify Analysis Type
• Input Design Standards
• Input Load and Load combinations
• Verify Results
• Design
• Represent Design as document and drawing.

3. 2. Explain the two ways in which a structural framework/model can be created in STAAD Pro software.

• Node by node method
• Grid method
• Structural wizard method

3. 3. Elaborate the different support conditions in STAAD Pro.

• Fixed support
• Pinned support
• Fixed but support
• Enforced support
• Enforced but support
• Multilinear spring support
• Foundation support
• Inclined support
• Tension/Compression Only Springs support.

3. 4. How will you extract the stress distribution for a staircase slab?

• To Create the staircase by using the nodes in the geometry panel
• After creating the nodes assign the plate elements as the slab property after that define load cases and calculate the area load acting on the staircase and apply load cases and load combination to the staircase slab and then create a mesh on the plate element.
• After that run the analysis and go to post processing mode and click on plate result option in that select stress distribution.
• Result and choose the stress type accordingly and that stress distribution result is displayed
• Maximum and minimum stress values are displaced.

3. 5. Explain the different ways to view SFD & BMD in STAAD Pro.

• After completing the design and running the analysis software will provide the BMD and SFD
• After the analysis click on Post processing mode and click OK
• Go to deflection command and click on beam result
• In reaction command click the beam deflection.

Practical 
1. Analyze the following structural elements and validate the results
A. Simply Supported Beam
           a. A Simply supported beam with two point loads symmetrically placed
           b. Span L = 20m
           c. Load P = 50kN each
           d. Both P located at 5m from each support

• After clicking on the Create option a new drawing space will opens 

• After this we will be modelling the beam of required span.
• So in order to create a beam of required span first go to the option Geometry and right side there is nodes dialogue box, enter (0, 0, 0) and (20, 0, 0) then nodal points get created.

• Enable nodal points, right click and click on labels.

• Go to geomerty tab select add beam and draw the beam by using beam cursor.

• Assign the property, just go to the property tab and assign
• And now we have to assign the materials, so in order to assign the material just go to the material tab click on the isotrophic option choosed the material here i choose CONCRETE.

• Now, just click on the material and check the assignment method,click on the option Use cursor to assign,then click on the beam and now the material has been assigned to the beam.

• The material properties are assigned as shown

To create Support : Fixed on one end and Roller support(Horizontal) on the other end:-

• Next we have to assign the supports to the beam.
• So in order to assign the supports to the beam, first we need to go to the option supports, then there will be a dialouge box named as Supports whole structure in that dialouge box there will be an option called create just click on that option after that there will be another dialouge box named as the Create support in that dialouge box.
• In order ro create simply supported beam, with one end pinned and other end roller.
• Click on the option Pinned and then click on the option Add as we need Pinned support at the first end as shown below

• After that again click on the create option and now click on the option Enforced but option and enable Fx and Mz. In order to create roller support at other end. 

• Now we have provided the both the support at both the ends, Fixed support at the one end and the Roller support at the other end, just click on the option Assign just as shown.
• Supports are assigned as shown

• As per the question load P is located at 5m from each support.
• Go to geometry tab and add nodes at 5m and 15m

To create A point load of 50 kN at either side 5m from support:-

• Go to loading tab add the load cases that is dead and live load

Dead Load:-

Live Load:-

Load Combination:-

• Now we have to apply the load of 50 KN at each of the support at 5m.
• So in order to apply the load first we need to go to the Loadings option after clicking to the loadings option there will be another dialouge box named as the Load and Definition and in that dialouge box there is option called NEW just click on that option.
• After clicking on the option New there will be another dialouge box named as the Create New Definitions/Load Cases/Load Items in that dialouge box there is option called Member Load then there will be an option called Concentrated Force then in that dialouge box fill the load of 50KN at a distance of 5m as it is a point load and the click on the option Add just as shown.

• As it is a point load create it on either side.

• Load & Definition dialogue box. Assign them one by one.

• Go to analysis tab, click assign and ok.

• And now after assigning the point load now we will be doing the Run analysis just.

• The run analysis of our model has been done with no errors, no warnings and no notes as we can see in the above image.

• Select view output, to view the output

To draw SFD and BMD using software:-

• So in order to draw SFD and BMD diagram in the software itself, after Run Analysis there will be an option called Go to Post Processing Mode just click on the option and then click on the option done.
• After that there will be another dialouge box named as Result Setup in that dialouge box there will be an option Envelope of Load Cases in Selected List click on the option Dead load and Live load and then click on the option apply.
• Below is the result. But we can not see the deflection properly. 
• So in order to view the deflection properly just right click and then there will be a drop-down list in that list click on the option Labels just as shown.

• After that there will be another dialouge box named as the diagrams,in that dialouge box change the scales and just click on the Apply option and then click on OK just as shown.
• In order to view values. Go to Result tab, there will be annotate option, click on it.
• Go to beam results, select all in bending that is ends, maximum and midpoints.

• Below are the given results for shear force and bending moment.

Shear Force (Fy):-

Bending Moment (Mz):-

Beam results with graphs:-

 B.Fixed Beam
           a. Span L = 16m
           b. Uniformly Distributed Load w=9kN/m

• After clicking on the Create option a new drawing space will opens 

• After this we will be modelling the beam of required span.
• So in order to create a beam of required span first go to the option Geometry and right side there is nodes dialogue box, enter (0, 0, 0) and (16, 0, 0) then nodal points get created.

• Enable nodal points, right click and click on labels.

• Go to geomerty tab select add beam and draw the beam by using beam cursor.

• Assign the property, just go to the property tab and assign
• And now we have to assign the materials, so in order to assign the material just go to the material tab click on the isotrophic option choosed the material here i choose CONCRETE.

• Now, just click on the material and check the assignment method,click on the option Use cursor to assign,then click on the beam and now the material has been assigned to the beam.

• The material properties are assigned as shown

• Now we have provided the both the support at both the ends, 
• Supports are assigned as shown

To create uniformly distributed load is throughout span:-

• Go to loading tab add the load cases that is dead and live load

Dead Load:-

Live Load:-

Load Combination:-

• In order to create member force. Go to add load and click on uniform force and then change the values to -9 KN/m and distance to d2 to 16m as shown.

• Load & Definition dialogue box. Assign them one by one.

• Go to analysis tab, click assign and ok.

• And now after assigning the point load now we will be doing the Run analysis just. The run analysis of our model has been done with no errors, no warnings and no notes as we can see in the above image.

• Select view output, to view the output

To draw SFD and BMD using software:-

• So in order to draw SFD and BMD diagram in the software itself, after Run Analysis there will be an option called Go to Post Processing Mode just click on the option and then click on the option done.
• After that there will be another dialouge box named as Result Setup in that dialouge box there will be an option Envelope of Load Cases in Selected List click on the option Dead load and Live load and then click on the option apply.
• Below is the result. But we can not see the deflection properly. 
• So in order to view the deflection properly just right click and then there will be a drop-down list in that list click on the option Labels just as shown.

• After that there will be another dialouge box named as the diagrams,in that dialouge box change the scales and just click on the Apply option and then click on OK just as shown.
• In order to view values. Go to Result tab, there will be annotate option, click on it.
• Go to beam results, select all in bending that is ends, maximum and midpoints.

• Below are the given results for shear force and bending moment.

Shear Force (Fy):-

Bending Moment (Mz):-

Beam results with graphs:-