Project 1_Comparative study of different storey buildings for Seismic forces

Aim:- Comparitive study of different storey buildings for seismic force by using ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 

 

Procedure to open the ETABS software:- 

 

Step1:- 

• Open the ETABS software by double clicking on it
• Then click on the new model option which is at left side of the screen

 

Step2:- 

• After click on the new model then model initialization dialouge box will open 
• Select the use built in settings with
• Set the unit as metric, database as Indian, Steel code book as IS 800:2007 and Concrete design code as IS 456:2000
• Then click on OK

 

Step3:- 

• After completion of model initialization then New model Quick template dialouge box opens
• Select the custom grid spacing and custom storey data and then edit accordingly

 

 

Step4:- 

• Mention the Grid spacing for the both x and y direction
• The spacing of storeys are 4m offset
• Then click on OK

 

Step5:- 

• After editing the Grid spacing then select the Storey data then edit that
• Click on the edit storey data to edit the stories

 

Step6:- 

• Here there are only 2 stories for the building A 
• Height of the building should be 3m 
• Stories in the table are Base, Plinth, Storey 1, Storey 2
• Make the Storey 1 as a Master storey and Make the Storey 2 as a similar to

 

Step7:- 

• After completing all the grid lines and storey data
• Click on the OK

 

Step8:- 

• This is the how the structure looks like after completing all the information
• Here the plan view and 3D view are shown in this software in one screen

 

 

Building A

Aim:- Check the building - A response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• After completing all the settings define the materials and define the sections for the column, beam and slabs
• Click on the define and select the material properties
• Click on the new material to create a new material
• Select the required properties of the material 
• Region as India, Material type as concrete, Standard as Indian, Grade as M-30
• Then click on OK

 

 

Step2:- 

• Click on the new material to create a new material
• Select the required properties of the material 
• Region as India, Material type as Rebars, Standard as Indian, Grade as HYSD Grade 415
• Then click on OK

 

Step3:- 

• To define a section properties
• Click on the define, then click on the section properties, then select on the frame section 

Step4:- 

• After selecting the frame section 
• Click on the add new property to create a new frame section
• Select the rectangular concrete for the beam then click on OK

 

Step5:- 

• After clicking on OK then frame section property data dialouge box opens 
• Change the property name as Beam 300x400, Change the material as M-30, Change the dimensions 
• Click on the modify/show Rebars to get more

 

Step6:- 

• After opening the modify/show Rebars then this dialouge box opens 
• Select the M3 Design only (Beam)
• Then change the longitudinal and Confinement bars as HYSD 415
• Then click on OK

 

Step 7:- 

• Select the frame section 
• Click on the add new property to create a new frame section
• Select the rectangular concrete for the column then click on OK
• After clicking on OK then frame section property data dialouge box opens 
• Change the property name as Column 400x400, Change the material as M-30, Change the dimensions 
• Click on the modify/show Rebars to get more

 

Step8:- 

• After opening the modify/show Rebars then this dialouge box opens 
• Select the P-M2-M3 Design (Column)
• Then change the longitudinal and Confinement bars as HYSD 415
• Then click on OK

 

 

Step9:- 

• To create a slab
• Click on the define then select the section properties then click on slab sections

Step10:- 

• After selecting slab section the slab properties dialouge box opens 
• Then click on the modify/show properties to change the properties

 

Step11:- 

• Change the property name as Slab 150, change the slab material as M-30, and change the slab thickness
• Then click on OK

 

Step12:- 

• To define the load pattern
• Click on the define then click on the load pattern

Step13:-

• Add the load patterns 
• Dead load, Live load, Wall load, Seismic load in both x and y direction
• Mention the code book for the seismic load

 

Step14:- 

• Click on the seismic load in x- direction then select the modify lateral load
• Except X dir uncheck all the direction andd eccentricity
• Change the seismic zone factor to 0.16

 

Step15:- 

• Click on the seismic load in y- direction then select the modify lateral load
• Except Y dir uncheck all the direction andd eccentricity
• Change the seismic zone factor to 0.16

 

Step16:- 

• After making all the settings in the load pattern
• Click on OK

 

Step17:-

• To define the mass source
• Click on the define then click on the mass source

Step18:- 

• After selecting mass source then mass source data dialouge box opens
• Check only the specified load patterns
• Select the load patterns of dead load of 1 multiplier, live load of 0.25 multiplier, wall load of 1 multiplier
• Then click on OK

 

Step19:- 

• To define the load cases
• Click on the define then click on the load cases
• All the load are automatically selected 
• Then click on OK

 

Step20:- 

• To define the load combination
• Click on the define then click on the load combination
• Select the default combination
• Then click on the concrete frame design and convert to user combination
• Then click OK

 

Step21:- 

• After selecting the concrete frame design
• All the load combinations are automatically appears here
• Then click on OK

 

Step22:- 

• Draw the column at the junction of the grid lines
• Click on the Quick draw column icon in the tool bar

 

Step23:- 

• Ensure that it should be the column property
• The size of the column should be 400x400mm

 

Step24:- 

• Place the mark at the junction of the grid lines
• Then the column will appear at the junction 

Step25:- 

• Draw the beam along the junction of the grid lines
• Click on the Quick draw beam/column icon in the tool bar

 

Step26:- 

• Ensure that it should be the beam property
• The size of the beam should be 300x400mm

 

Step27:- 

• Place the mark along the junction of the grid lines
• Then the beam will appear along the junction

 

Step28:- 

• Draw a slab in the model
• Select the Quick draw floor / wall to draw the slab

 

Step29:- 

• Ensure that the selected property is slab 150
• The 150 reffers to the thickness

 

Step30:- 

• Select the similar storey
• Click on the region to place the slab
• This is how the slab look like 

 

Step31:- 

• To select the frame section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the frame sections
• Then select all the beams

 

Step32:- 

• Assign the loads for the frame element
• Click on the assign then click on the frame load then click on distributed

 

Step33;- 

• To select a slab section
• Then select a assign then go to shell load then select a distributed
• Select the load pattern as wall load
• Then take a uniform load as a 10 KN/m
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

Step34:- 

• After applying the 10 KN/m load 
• The load assigned to the beam is shown as below

 

Step35:- 

• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

Step36:- 

• To assign the loads to the slab
• Click on the assign then click on the shell load then click on uniform 
• Select the load pattern as live
• Then take a uniform load as a 3 KN/m
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step37:- 

• To provide the diaphragm
• First select the slab section
• Click on assign then click on shell then click on diaphragm 

 

Step38:- 

• The diaphragm dialouge box opens 
• Then select the diaphragm assignment as D1
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

Step39:- 

• At last Run the analysis by clicking the Run analysis button or by clicking F5
• Give a time for analysis then it will give a result of it

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building A after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

 

 

Building - B

Aim:- Check the building - B response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Save the Building A model as Building B
• Click on edit then click on edit stories and grid system

 

Step2;- 

• After selecting the edit stories and grid data
• Click on the modify/show story data

Step3:- 

• Click on the storey 2, then click on the right button of your mouse 
• Then click on the add storey then click on the keep existing storey heights

 

Step4:- 

• After that add storey dialouge box opens 
• Then change the number as 3 because we require 5 number of stories, here 2 stories are already assigned
• Then click on OK

 

Step5:- 

• Change the storie 3 to 5 as a similar storey
• Then click on OK 

 

Step6:- 

• After assigning the 5 stories, assign a diaphragm by selecting the slab section
• Then Run the analysis by clicking on Run analysis or F5

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building B after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

Building - C

Aim:- Check the building - C response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Save the Building B model as Building C
• Give a column section which has a 550x300mm size
• Click on define then click on section properties then click on frame section

 

Step2:-

• After selecting the frame section 
• Click on the column size 400x400mm to change its size
• Here only the size of the column vary but the properties for the column is same
• Change the property name from Column 400x400 to Column 550x300mm, 
• Click on the modify/show Rebars to get more
• Then click on OK

 

 

Step3:- 

• When the Columns size 550x300mm are asssigned then all the square column is change into rectangular column
• The orientation is in 0 degree

 

Step4:- 

• To change the orientation of the column 
• First select the column sizes by using a select tab
• Then click on select and close

Step5:- 

• Here all the columns are selected 
• To change the orientation click on the assign, then click on the frame then click on the local axes
• After selecting the local axes then the degree dialouge box will open there change the orientation as 90degree

 

Step6:- 

• After the orientation of the column to the 90degree
• Then all the columns are rotated to 90degree as shown in below figure
• Then select the slab section and assign the diaphragm

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building C after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

Building - D

Aim:- Check the building - D response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Save the Building C model as Building D
• Give a column section which has a 550x300mm size
• Click on define then click on section properties then click on frame section

 

Step2:- 

• First select the column sizes by using a select tab
• Then click on select and close

 

 

Step3:- 

• When the Columns size 550x300mm are asssigned then all the square column is change into rectangular column
• The orientation is in 90 degree
• Here all the columns are selected 
• To change the orientation click on the assign, then click on the frame then click on the local axes

 

 

Step4:- 

• After selecting the local axes then the degree dialouge box will open there change the orientation as 0degree
• Then click on apply then click on OK

Step5:- 

• After the orientation of the column to the 0degree
• Then all the columns are rotated to 0degree as shown in below figure

 

Step6:- 

• Then select the slab section and assign the diaphragm
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step7:- 

• To provide the diaphragm
• Click on assign then click on shell then click on diaphragm 

 

Step8:- 

• The diaphragm dialouge box opens 
• Then select the diaphragm assignment as D1
• Then click on apply then click on OK

Step9:- 

• At last Run the analysis by clicking the Run analysis button or by clicking F5
• Give a time for analysis then it will give a result of it

 

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building D after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

 

Building - E

Aim:- Check the building - E response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Save the Building D model as Building E
• Click on edit then click on edit stories and grid system

 

 

Step2;- 

• After selecting the edit stories and grid data
• Click on the modify/show story data

Step3:- 

• Click on the storey 5, then click on the right button of your mouse 
• Then click on the add storey then click on the keep existing storey heights

 

Step4:- 

• After that add storey dialouge box opens 
• Then change the number as 5 because we require 10 number of stories, here 5 stories are already assigned
• Then click on OK

 

Step5:- 

• Change the storie 6 to 10 as a similar storey
• Then click on OK 

 

Step6:- 

• To define a section properties
• Click on the define, then click on the section properties, then select on the frame section

Step7:- 

• After selecting the frame section 
• Click on the column size 550x300mm to change its size
• Here only the size of the column vary but the properties for the column is same
• Then click on the modify/show property

 

Step8:- 

• Change the property name from  Column 550x300mm to Column 600x600 
• Click on the modify/show Rebars to get more
• Then click on OK

 

Step9:- 

• After assigning the data
• Then the size of the column is shown in the list
• Then click on OK

 

Step 10:- 

• Add the another property of column which has 400x400mm size
• Click on the modify/show Rebars to get more
• Then click on OK
• After assigning the data
• Then the size of the column is shown in the list
• Then click on OK

 

 

Step11:- 

• Here we need to select the column so uncheck the beams and floors
• To uncheck the beams and floors go to the set view options
• Then uncheck the beams and floors
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

Step12:- 

• After unchecking the beam and columns set a limits to the stories
• Go to the view then go to the set building view limits

 

Step13:- 

• The set building view limit dialouge box opens 
• Set the storey range from storey 6 to storey 10
• Then click on OK

 

 

Step14:- 

• After set the story range from story 6 to story 10
• The story 6 to story 10 only appear on the screen
• Then select all the column which is from story 6 to story 10

 

Step15:- 

• To assign the column size 400x400 from story 6 to story 10
• Go to the assign then go to the frame then go to the section property

 

Step16:- 

• Then frame assignment dialouge box opens 
• Then select the column size 400x400mm
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

Step17:- 

• Then select the slab section and assign the diaphragm
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step18;- 

• Then the select by slab property dialouge box opens 
• After that select the slab 150
• Then click select then click close

 

Step19:- 

• To provide the diaphragm
• Click on assign then click on shell then click on diaphragm 

 

Step20:- 

• The diaphragm dialouge box opens 
• Then select the diaphragm assignment as D1
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step21:- 

• At last Run the analysis by clicking the Run analysis button or by clicking F5
• Give a time for analysis then it will give a result of it

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building E after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

Building - F 

Aim:- Check the building - F response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

 Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Here we need to select the column so uncheck the beams and floors
• To uncheck the beams and floors go to the set view options
• Then uncheck the beams and floors
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step2:- 

• After unchecking the beam and columns set a limits to the stories
• Go to the view then go to the set building view limits

 

Step3:- 

• The set building view limit dialouge box opens 
• Set the storey range from storey 6 to storey 10
• Then click on OK

 

 

Step4:- 

• After set the story range from story 6 to story 10
• The story 6 to story 10 only appear on the screen
• Then select all the column which is from story 6 to story 10

 

Step5:- 

• To assign the column size 600x600 from story 6 to story 10
• Go to the frame then go to the section property

 

Step6:- 

• Then frame assignment dialouge box opens 
• Then select the column size 600x600mm
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

Step7:- 

• After assigning the column size 600x600mm from storey 6 to storey 10
• Then the model looks like this

 

Step8:- 

• Then select the slab section and assign the diaphragm
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step9;- 

• Then the select by slab property dialouge box opens 
• After that select the slab 150
• Then click select then click close

 

Step10:- 

• To provide the diaphragm
• Click on assign then click on shell then click on diaphragm 

 

Step11:- 

• The diaphragm dialouge box opens 
• Then select the diaphragm assignment as D1
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step12:- 

• At last Run the analysis by clicking the Run analysis button or by clicking F5
• Give a time for analysis then it will give a result of it

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building F after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

Building - G

Aim:- Check the building - G response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Save the Building D model as Building E
• Click on edit then click on edit stories and grid system

 

 

Step2;- 

• After selecting the edit stories and grid data
• Click on the modify/show story data

Step3:- 

• Click on the storey 5, then click on the right button of your mouse 
• Then click on the add storey then click on the keep existing storey heights

 

Step4:- 

• After that add storey dialouge box opens 
• Then change the number as 15 because we require 25 number of stories, here 10 stories are already assigned
• Then click on OK

 

Step5:- 

• Change the storie 11 to 25 as a similar storey
• Then click on OK 

 

Step6:- 

• To define a section properties
• Click on the define, then click on the section properties, then select on the frame section

 

Step7:- 

• After selecting the frame section 
• Add another column  having size 800x800mm
• Here only the size of the column vary but the properties for the column is same
• Then click on the modify/show property to ensure the reinforcement

 

Step8:- 

• Here we need to select the column so uncheck the beams and floors
• To uncheck the beams and floors go to the set view options
• Then uncheck the beams and floors
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step9:- 

• After unchecking the beam and columns set a limits to the stories
• Go to the view then go to the set building view limits

 

 

Step10:- 

• The set building view limit dialouge box opens 
• Set the storey range from storey 21 to storey 25
• Then click on OK

 

Step11;- 

• After set the story range from story 21 to story 25
• The story 21 to story 25 only appear on the screen
• Then select all the column which is from story 21 to story 25

 

Step12;-

• To assign the column size 400x400 from story 6 to story 10
• Go to the frame then go to the section property

 

 

Step13:- 

• Then frame assignment dialouge box opens 
• Then select the column size 400x400mm
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

Step14:- 

• Go to the view then go to the set building view limits
• The set building view limit dialouge box opens 
• Set the storey range from storey 11 to storey 20
• Then click on OK

 

Step15;- 

• After set the story range from story 11 to story 20
• The story 11 to story 20 only appear on the screen
• Then select all the column which is from story 11 to story 20

Step16;-

• To assign the column size 600x600 from story 11 to story 20
• Go to the frame then go to the section property

 

 

Step17:- 

• Then frame assignment dialouge box opens 
• Then select the column size 600x600mm
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

Step18:- 

• The rest of the column size is 800x800mm because it's already assigned to all the column before

 

 

Step19:- 

• Then select the slab section and assign the diaphragm
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step20;- 

• Then the select by slab property dialouge box opens 
• After that select the slab 150
• Then click select then click close

 

Step21:- 

• To provide the diaphragm
• Click on assign then click on shell then click on diaphragm 

 

Step22:- 

• The diaphragm dialouge box opens 
• Then select the diaphragm assignment as D1
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step23:- 

• At last Run the analysis by clicking the Run analysis button or by clicking F5
• Give a time for analysis then it will give a result of it

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building G after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

Building - H

Aim:- Check the building - H response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Here we need to select the column so uncheck the beams and floors
• To uncheck the beams and floors go to the set view options
• Then uncheck the beams and floors
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step2:- 

• After unchecking the beams and floors
• To assign the column size 800x800 from base to story 25
• Go to the assign then go to frame then go to the section property

 

Step3:- 

• Then frame assignment dialouge box opens 
• Then select the column size 800x800mm
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step4:- 

• Then select the slab section and assign the diaphragm
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step5;- 

• Then the select by slab property dialouge box opens 
• After that select the slab 150
• Then click select then click close

 

Step6:- 

• To provide the diaphragm
• Click on assign then click on shell then click on diaphragm 

 

Step7:- 

• The diaphragm dialouge box opens 
• Then select the diaphragm assignment as D1
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step8:- 

• At last Run the analysis by clicking the Run analysis button or by clicking F5
• Give a time for analysis then it will give a result of it

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building H after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

 

Building - J

Aim:- Check the building - J response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Select the slab section to assign the 10% of live load
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step2;- 

• Then the select by slab property dialouge box opens 
• After that select the slab 150
• Then click select then click close

 

Step3:- 

• To assign the uniform shell load 
• Go to the assign then go to shell load then go to uniform 

 

Step4:- 

• Here the shell load assignment dialouge box opens 
• Then change the live load as 3.3 KN/m^2 which is a addition of 10% live load
• Then click on apply then select OK

 

Step5:- 

• Select the slab section to provide diaphragm
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step6;- 

• Then the select by slab property dialouge box opens 
• After that select the slab 150
• Then click select then click close

 

Step7:- 

• The diaphragm dialouge box opens 
• Then select the diaphragm assignment as D1
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step8:- 

• At last Run the analysis by clicking the Run analysis button or by clicking F5
• Give a time for analysis then it will give a result of it

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building J after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

Building - K

Aim:- Check the building - J response for seismic force in both x and y direction by analysis in ETABS

Introduction:- 

Seismic force :- It is the external force applied to the structure as a result earthquake generated agitation

• In this the earthquake occured at once in a 2500 years
• Seismic cannot be determined it's a less uncertainity  
• Seismic force occure at the ground level in all the directions and it has 3degree of freedom they are 2 translational and 1 rotational force
• The base shear starts at the bottom of the buildings when the seismic load occures 

ETABS :- 

• The full form of ETABS is Extended three dimensional analysis of building system
• ETABS software was started by CSI (Computers and Structural ,Inc
• ETABS is a engineering software which is used for multistorey analysis and design
• In this software we can analyse and design the seismic load, wind load, and other loads 
• In this software we are defining and assigning the materials, frame sections, slab sections diaphragm etc.,
• This software give the proper output result to that analysed model 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:- 

• Select the slab section to assign the 20% of live load
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step2;- 

• Then the select by slab property dialouge box opens 
• After that select the slab 150
• Then click select then click close

 

Step3:- 

• To assign the uniform shell load 
• Go to the assign then go to shell load then go to uniform 

 

Step4:- 

• Here the shell load assignment dialouge box opens 
• Then change the live load as 3.6 KN/m^2 which is a addition of 20% live load
• Then click on apply then select OK

 

Step5:- 

• Select the slab section to provide diaphragm
• To select the slab section
• Click on select then click on select then click on properties then select the slab sections

 

Step6;- 

• Then the select by slab property dialouge box opens 
• After that select the slab 150
• Then click select then click close

 

Step7:- 

• The diaphragm dialouge box opens 
• Then select the diaphragm assignment as D1
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

 

Step8:- 

• At last Run the analysis by clicking the Run analysis button or by clicking F5
• Give a time for analysis then it will give a result of it

 

Result:- 

 This is the snap shot of building K after analysis here the deflection of the building occure due to the action of seismic load 

 

Comparing the models with time period

Procedure:- 

• Open the analysed model E in the ETABS
• Go to the table which is at the left top
• Go to thr analysis result then go to the structural output then go to the model information
• In the model information go to the model time period and frequency
• Click on the right mouse button then click on the show table 
• This procedure repeats for all the models

                                                        The time period for model E is 1.731

 

 

Criteria	Model	Analysis result	Conclusion
Effect of stiffness on Time period	Building – E (10 storey with varying column size)	1.73 s	The time period for the stiffness is same for the Building E and Building F  Building E has a 10 storey with varying column size and Building F has 10 storey with uniform column size  But in the Building G and Building H the time period for the stiffness is different  Building G has a 25 storey with varying column size and building H has a 25 storey with uniform column size
	Building – F (10 storey with uniform column size)	1.73 s
Effect of stiffness on Time period	Building – G (25 storey with varying column size)	4.17 s
	Building –H (25 storey with uniform column size)	4.41 s

 

 

 

Criteria	Model	Analysis result	Conclusion
Effect of stiffness on Time period	Building – H (25 storey with 3KN/sq.m imposed load)	4.41 s	There is a slight change in the time when the percentage of the live load changes but it's almost same time There is no effect on time as the live load is slightly changes
	Building – J (25 storey with 3.3 KN/sq.m imposed load)	4.42 s
	Building – K (25 storey with 3.6 KN/sq.m imposed load)	4.43 s

 

 

Criteria	Model	Analysis result	Conclusion
Effect of building height on Time period	Building – A (2 storey)	0.5 s	The height of the building increases then the time period also increases
	Building – B (5 storey)	1.03 s
	Building – F (10 storey)	1.73 s
	Building – H (25 storey)	4.41 s

 

 

 

 

Criteria	Model	Analysis result	Conclusion
Effect of column orientation on Time period	Building – B (All floor column size 400x400mm)	1.03 s	The lateral displacement of the floor is higher than the building C when comapred to building D in the x- direction Because the column size in x- direction is high in Building C than the Building D
	Building – C (All floor column size 550x300mm) oriented in X-direction	1.146 s
	Building – D (All floor column size 300x550mm) oriented in Y-direction	1.12 s

 

 

Criteria	Model	Case	Analysis result	Conclusion
Effect of flexural stiffness of structural elements on mode shapes	Building - B	Flexural stiffness  of beam close to nil (zero inertia)	2.62 s	If the stiffness decreases then the time increases They are inversly propotional to each other
		Full flexural stiffness of beams (Regular)	1.03 s

 

• In the flexural stiffness  of beam close to nil deduct the 90% of the stiffness
• Go to the define then go to the section properties then go to the frame section
• Then select the beam having size 300x400 
• Click on the modify / show property

 

 

• Here change the moment of inertia about 2 axis and 3 axis as 0.1
• Because we are deducting the 90% of stiffenss 
• The 100% stiffness 1 is chnaged to the 10% stiffness 0.1

 

• Next Run the analysis after chnaged the value of stiffenss
• Use a Run analysis icon or use a F5 to analysis

 

 

• If the stiffness decreases then the time increases
• The time is doubled than the initial beacuse of reducing 90% of stiffness value

 

 

Criteria	Model	Case	Analysis result	Conclusion
Effect of axial stiffness of vertical member on mode shapes	Building - H	Axial cross section of columns is  close to nil (zero axial area)	5.99 s	If the axial cross sectional area decreases then the time increases They are inversly propotional to each other
		Full axial cross section for column (Regular)	4.41 s

 

• In the axial stiffness Axial cross section of columns is  close to nil
• Go to the define then go to the section properties then go to the frame section
• Then select the column having size 800x800 
• Click on the modify / show property
• Here change the cross section area as 0.1
• Because we are deducting the 90% of stiffness 
• The 100% cross sectional area 1 is chnaged to the 10% cross sectional area 0.1

 

 

• Next Run the analysis after chnaged the value of stiffenss
• Use a Run analysis icon or use a F5 to analysis

• If the axial cross sectional area decreases then the time increases
• Time requirement is high for the axial cross section of column closed to nil compared to axial cross section of column regular

 

Criteria	Model	Case	Analysis result	Conclusion
Effect of degree of fixity at column base on mode shapes	Building - B	Column support pinned (Regular)	1.03 s	More the fixity of column lesser the time taken
		Column support fixed	0.941 s

 

 

• To make the column support as a fixed support 
• Select all the base point which is at the base storey

 

• To provide the fixed support
• Go to the assign then go to the joints then go to the restraints

 

• When the restrained is selected then joint assignment dialouge box opens
• Then select the fixed support
• Then click on apply then click on OK

 

• Next Run the analysis after chnaged the value of stiffenss
• Use a Run analysis icon or use a F5 to analysis

 

• More the fixity of column lesser the time taken
• Time requirement is lesser for the fixed support than the pinned support