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Kindly go through following link https://skill-lync.com/projects/mbd-project-3-simulation-on-ic-engine-valve-train Objective : 1. Model IC engine valve train parts and assemble them in SolidWorks. 2. Run simulation using the following parameters. 3. Obtain following simulation. A. Valve…
Bhuvnesh Dave
updated on 02 Jul 2020
Kindly go through following link
https://skill-lync.com/projects/mbd-project-3-simulation-on-ic-engine-valve-train
Objective :
1. Model IC engine valve train parts and assemble them in SolidWorks.
2. Run simulation using the following parameters.
3. Obtain following simulation.
A. Valve Lift
B. The contact force between Cam and Pushrod
C. The contact force between Pushrod and Rocker Arm
D. The contact force between Rocker Arm and Valve
4. Explain why the contact force between the Rocker arm and valve varies while measuting with respect to the X- direction and measuring with respect to magnitude.
Theory :
Valvetrain : A valvetrain or valve train is a mechanical system that controls operation of the intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine. The intake valves control the flow of air/fuel mixture (or air alone for direct-injected engines) into the combustion chamber, while the exhaust valves control the flow of spent exhaust gasses out of the combusion chamber once combustion is completed.
Components of Valvetrain :
The valvetrain consists of all the components responsible for transferring the rotational movement of the camshaft into the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves. Typical components are listed below in order from the crankshaft to the valves.
Camshaft : The timing and lift profile of the valve opening events are controlled by the camshaft, through use of a carefully shaped lobe on a rotating shaft. The camshaft is driven by the crankshaft and in the case of a four-stroke engine rotates at half the speed of the crankshaft. Motion is transferred from the crankshaft to the camshaft most commonly by a rubber timing belt, a metallic timing chain or a set of gears.
Pushrod : Pushrods are long, slender metal rods that are used in overhead valve engines to transfer motion from the camshaft (located in the engine block) to the valves (located in the cylinder head). The bottom end of a pushrod is fitted with a lifter, upon which the camshaft makes contact. The camshaft lobe moves the lifter upwards, which moves the pushrod. The top end of the lifter pushes on the rocker arm, which opens the valve.
Rocker arm / bucket tappet : Depending on the design used, the valves are actuated by a rocker arm, finger or bucket tappet. Overhead camshaft engines use fingers or bucket tappets, upon which the cam lobes contact. Overhead valve engines use rocker arms, which are actuated by a pushrod and pivot on a shaft or individual ball studs in order to actuate the valves.
Valves : Most modern engines use poppet valves type, although sleeve valves, slide valves and rotary valves have also been used at times. Poppet valves are typically opened by the camshaft lobe or rocker arm, and closed by a coiled spring called a valve spring. Valve float occurs when the valve spring is unable to control the inertia of the valvetrain at high engine speeds (RPM).
CAM Lift Formula :
CAM Lift can be derived from the sketch
● The diameter of lower circle (D1)- 35 mm
● The diameter of upper circle (D2)- 20 mm
● The distance between two centres (L)- 30 mm
CAM Lift = (L-R1)+R2
Design Values for Cam using cam lift (Let L will be unknown):
Here we have D1 = 25mm D2 = 10mm
1. Cam lift = 3.5 mm
using formula
=> 3.5 = (L- 12.5) + 5
=> L = 3.5 + 12.5 - 5 = 11 mm
2. Cam lift = 6 mm
using formula
=> 6 = (L- 12.5) + 5
=> L = 6 + 12.5 - 5 = 13.5 mm
SolidWorks Parts and Assembly :
1. Cam
2. Pushrod
3. Rocker arm
4. Valve
5. Valve Mount
6. Assembly
Procedure :
1. First we create all parts of Valve train according to dimensions. and for first case we create Cam with 3.5mm lift.
2. After that all parts are assembled as a single unit.
3. To analysis motion study motor is provided to CAM a spring is established between Valve and Valve mount. and Contact are provided.
4. For result various plots are generated.
5. After that calculation button is hitted to get all result and simulation.
6. After study all plot and result we change the cam part drawing according to 6 mm lift. After that we rebuild the assembly and get the desire plot and result for that.
Motion study in SolidWorks :
In solidworks software motion feature is use to analyse the motion of the models.
According to there use in solidworks they are diveide into three categories.
1. Animation
2. Basic Motion
3. Motion Analysis
Animation creates simple visuals of model movement by considration of mass and gravity effect. Basic motion use for considration of extra layer of complexity by taking effects of mass, spring and physical collision detection. Motion analysis is use for more advance and wider range by consideration of various forces and there effects i.e. impact effect, damping effect,momentum etc.
Motion Analysis Steps :
1. Active motion analysis Add-on from solidworks add-ons.
2. After that select 'Motion Analysis' from 'Type of study'.
3. Then provide motor to the CAM by using motor feature.
4. After that provide contacts between various parts using Contact feature.
5. After taht material is assign to components.
5. From motion study property frame per second for the study is can be adjusted according to requirement.
6. After including all the required settings, the calculation of motion analysis is done by clicking on calculation button.
7. 'Result and plots' option is then use to generate various plots and result of the analysis at various points of model.
Result and Plot :
For Cam Lift of 3.5 mm
1. Valve Lift
2. The contact force between Cam and Pushrod
3. The contact force between Pushrod and Rocker Arm
4. The contact force between Rocker Arm and Valve(Magnitude)
5. The contact force between Rocker Arm and Valve(X-direction)
Animation(0.1x speed)
For Cam Lift of 6 mm
1. Valve Lift
2. The contact force between Cam and Pushrod
3. The contact force between Pushrod and Rocker Arm
4. The contact force between Rocker Arm and Valve(Magnitude)
5. The contact force between Rocker Arm and Valve(X-direction)
Animation(0.1x speed)
Conclusion :
1. Successfully designed and simulate the Valve train.
2. For 3.5 mm cam lift, valve lift is 2 mm observed.
3. For 6 mm cam lift, valve lift is 4 mm observed.
4. Contact force between Valve and Rocker arm is varies when measuring with respect to magnitude and X - direction due to the addition on other forces which act in Y-directionand in Z-direction. When measuring in magnitude it is provide the resultant of all forces act on the contact between Valve and Rocker Arm. But when using only X- direction it is calculate only x-direction force and not include the result of Y and Z- directions forces.
5. From this plot we observe how contact force is work and it's magnitude. We can also find out the maximum value of contact force in between different parts.
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