Creating a Layout, Section and Elevation with dimensions using AutoCad

1. Create the Plan and Sections as shown in the Figures. Use proper dimension techniques and dimension styles to document the project. Assume the sizes of the doors and windows as per construction standards. Refer to sections for stair details if required.

AIM- To draw floor plan and sections shown in the figures by using different commands in autoCAD.

INTRODUCTION- 

• Section plan-
  • Section plan shows a view of a structure as though it had been sliced in half or cut along another imaginary plane.
  • Section drawings are a specific type of drawing architects use to illustrate a building or portion of a building.
  • A section is drawn from a vertical plane slicing through a building.
  • This is as if you cut through a space vertically and stood directly in front looking straight at it.
  • Sections are a common design drawing and technical architectural or engineering convention for graphic representation of architecture.
  • Section drawings are orthographic projections.
  • This means they are not drawn in perspective and there is no foreshortening.
• Floor plan- 
  • In architecture and building engineering, a floor plan is a drawing to scale, showing a view from above, of the relationships between rooms, spaces, traffic patterns, and other physical features at one level of a structure.
  • Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall lengths.
  • A scale diagram of the arrangement of rooms in one storey of a building.
  • Floor plans make it easier to check if a space works for its purpose.
  • A floor plan helps with any potential challenges, redesigning and functionality goals.
  • This can help greatly with in depth planning and building stages.
  • Floor plans highlight both the interior and outdoor of a space.
  • A scale diagram of a room or suite of rooms viewed from above and used especially for planning effective use and arrangement of furnishings.
  • AutoCAD-
    • AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. 
    • AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
    • It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
    • This software is used for designing and drafting.
    • It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
    • AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
    • AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
    • Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.
    • commands in autoCAD-
      • Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
      • Dimensions- You can select objects or points on objects to dimension, and then click to place the dimension line. When you hover over an object, the DIM command automatically generates a preview of a suitable dimension type to use. Supported dimension types include vertical, horizontal, and aligned linear dimensions.
      • Text- Select text command from the Annotation menu of the Home tab of this software. We have two types of text command in auto cad. One is Multiline text, and the other is Single line text. You can use any one of the text commands according to your requirement.
      • Fillet- Select the Fillet command from the ribbon panel, Or Type F on the command line or command prompt and press Enter. then Select the first object,Type R or Radius. Enter. Then Specify the radius of the Fillet and press Enter and Select the second object.
      • Trim- Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find. Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. Press Enter when you finish selecting the cutting edges. Select the objects to trim and press Enter a second time when you finish selecting the objects to trim.
      • Offset- We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command. 
      • Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.

PROCEDURE-

STEP 1- 

• Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
• Trim- Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find. Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. Press Enter when you finish selecting the cutting edges. Select the objects to trim and press Enter a second time when you finish selecting the objects to trim.
• Offset- We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command. 
• Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.
• 

STEP 2

• Give column positions, window positions.
• Hatch command-
• 1. Go to the Draw panel on the Home tab
  2. You will see a Hatch creation tab
  3. Further specify the pattern on the Pattern panel.
  4. Choose your desired method-Pick Points or Select Boundary Objects
  5. After filling the area, hit Enter to apply the hatch.
• 

STEP 3-

• Give door positions.
•  

STEP 4-

• Give text and dimensions.
• Dimensions- You can select objects or points on objects to dimension, and then click to place the dimension line. When you hover over an object, the DIM command automatically generates a preview of a suitable dimension type to use. Supported dimension types include vertical, horizontal, and aligned linear dimensions.
• Text- Select text command from the Annotation menu of the Home tab of this software. We have two types of text command in auto cad. One is Multiline text, and the other is Single line text. You can use any one of the text commands according to your requirement.
• 

STEP 5-

• Construction lines- by using construction lines draw section A-A.
• Construction lines- Click Home tab Draw panel Construction Line> Specify a point to define the root of the construction line > Specify a second point through which the construction line should pass and enter.
• 

STEP 6-

• Now by using line command, draw section A-A.
• Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
• 

STEP 7-

• Give text and dimensions.
• Dimensions- You can select objects or points on objects to dimension, and then click to place the dimension line. When you hover over an object, the DIM command automatically generates a preview of a suitable dimension type to use. Supported dimension types include vertical, horizontal, and aligned linear dimensions.
• Text- Select text command from the Annotation menu of the Home tab of this software. We have two types of text command in auto cad. One is Multiline text, and the other is Single line text. You can use any one of the text commands according to your requirement.
• 

STEP 8-

• Now remove construction lines.
• 

STEP 9-

• Draw section B-B.
• Construction lines- Click Home tab Draw panel Construction Line> Specify a point to define the root of the construction line > Specify a second point through which the construction line should pass and enter.
• 

STEP 10-

• Now by using line command, draw section B-B.
• Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
• 

STEP 11-

• Give text and dimensions.
• Dimensions- You can select objects or points on objects to dimension, and then click to place the dimension line. When you hover over an object, the DIM command automatically generates a preview of a suitable dimension type to use. Supported dimension types include vertical, horizontal, and aligned linear dimensions.
• Text- Select text command from the Annotation menu of the Home tab of this software. We have two types of text command in auto cad. One is Multiline text, and the other is Single line text. You can use any one of the text commands according to your requirement.
• 

STEP 12-

• Now remove construction lines.
• 

FINAL RESULT-

• FLOOR PLAN 
• 
• SECTION A-A
• 
• SECTION B-B
•