Creating a Floor plan, Footing detail and Isometric view using AutoCad

                                   Creating a Floor plan, Footing detail and Isometric view using AutoCad

 

AIM : 

            To Creating a Floor plan, Footing detail and Isometric view using AutoCad.

 

INTRODUCTION : 

           Floor plan is a two-dimensional drawing to scale that shows a room or building from above. It indicates the                relationships between rooms on one level of a structure. Architects use floor plans as a tool to design buildings. Later, they    are used to describe buildings to those involved in the construction process.

           Footing is a part of foundation which is constructed with concrete or brickwork masonry and acts as a base to the        floor columns and floor walls. The main function of footing is to transfer the vertical loads directly to the soil. The term          footing is used in conjunction with Shallow foundation commonly.

           Isometric drawing is a view in which all three axes appear at equal 120° angles with the plane of projection. An          isometric drawing has no perspective. Therefore, edges that are equal in length are drawn equal in length. The angles            between the three principal planes and edges of an object are equal.

  # COMMAND MAJORLY USED :

       1. LINE

       2. RECTANGLE

       3. TRIM

       4. OFFSET

       5. ISOMETRIC PLANE

       6. DIMENSION

       7. TEXT

 

PROCEDURE : 

 DRAFTING PROCEDURE:

• Begin a new project in Auotcad 2D modelling in space of the project with imperial template.

                                  

 

• Create the necessary project elements.
• Create the followings: Floor plan, walls, door, Window, stair using the properties given.
• Assemble all the drawings in layer command:
• Save the drawing file as Building_ACA_Model.dwg.
• Then, start the drawing in model space.

 Set the units in engineering :

                                  

 LIMIT COMMAND:

• LIMITS command sets an invisible rectangular boundary in the drawing area that can limit the grid display and limit clicking or entering point locations.

 Procedure to access:

      1. Command:LIMITS and press enter

      2. Shortcut key: LIMI

 

 # FLOOR PLAN ; 

      Step : 1

           1. Here we using the line (L) command for draw the line and also using the command (rec) rectangle for draw the                    quick and easy way of floor plan

           2. Then the point (3,3) taken for starting the point for draw

           3. using command rec for draw outer face of the wall. the dimension is @11,9. After creating the rectangle by @11,9 

           4. We want to creating the wall thickness 0.230 m 

           5. we use the simple method for interior wall for using offset method

           6. using offset command (of) to offset the rectangle to inner side by thickness (0.230)m

     Step : 2

           1. Next the given specifying area 11,9 we want separate the inner rooms by given specifying area \

           2. we can using the line command to draw rooms and stair case

           3. And also the draw the doors,windows 

           4. finally using the trim command (tr) for earse the unwanted intersecting line 

           5. And also trim command used to extented the wanted line by using (shift)

           6. then the copy and move the wanted tools and lines to easy the way of finishing floor plans 

     Step : 3

          1. Using the (dim) command for dimension marking purpose

          2. And the dimstyle command used for modify the dimension style like arrow size, text height, units style etc....,

          3. making the dimension and name of the room the command used (T) text 

     Step : 4

          Here, given the dimension of room below

           1. bed room 1 = 3 X 3 M

           2. bed room 2 = 3 X 3 M

           3. kitchen       = 3 X 2.5 M

           4. portico       = 2.3 X 5.3 M

           5. hall            = 4.7 X 5.3 M

           6. toilet          = 1.5 X 2.5 M

           7. pooja         = 1.5 X 2 M

           8. TOTAL        = 11 X 9

 

     Step : 5

     Drawing staircase :     

         Thread : 0.33 m

         Riser    : 0.15

• Give a wall thicknes of 0.230 m for teh staircase room.
• Divide the staircase room by giving ofset of 0.91 m from the front wall thickness.
• Give an offset of 0.5 m to show the handrail

            (Assume 5cm is usually given)

• Draw offset of 0.33 m (thread) to draw the stairs in plan view.
• Draw 4 offsets as there are 4 risers fro 3 steps.
• Trim of the lines betwwen the handrails and give the other side as dotted lines ( it indicates that it is the upward stairs ,not visible when viewing ground floor plan)
• For that select the lines and change the line type to ISO dash.
• Mark the direction of stairs.

     Drawing doors :

• Trim all the door openings with their respective width D1, D2, D3 = 0.9
• For open kitchen ,trim the line retaininga distance of 1.6mm from right side of kitchen.
• Draw doors creating an hinge of 0.12mm from the midpoint of both the wall , then drawing a circle with one point on the midpoint of one hinge and other the midpoint of other hinge.
• Place the windows : for living,take an offset of 0.33mm this is where the window starts( as it is given) Using line command draw a line of 1.8m from the centre of offseted line inside the wall thickness.
• Draw windows whereever necesary: from middle portion of a wall drawa line,from the midpoint of that line give the distance ie the width of the window,then join the other
• Trim all the unwanted lines and fillet the corners with fillet radius zero.Command: "F" - select both the lines(fillet radius is zero by default)

     a.) size of staircase and window,door

         staircase :

               thread = 0.33 M 

              riser    = 0.15 M

              length  = 1 M

         Window:   

              length = 1.20 m

              width  = 0.90 m

         Door: 

              length = 2.03 m

              width  = 0.91 m

    Step : 6

            1. plan can be created by vaastu saastra

            2. facing of the plan is north side direction

            3. so the room are palced by vaastu given the north direction house

              

RESULT :         

        1. One type of Result can be submitted by jpge file.

        2. Another type of result can be submitted by  PDF  file in below the browser option.

 

                    

 

   ----------------------------------------- X ------------------------------------------------ X -----------------------------------------

 

    # FOOTING DETAILS ; 

       Procedure: The detail step by step procedure to draw the given cross section of column using autocad are

• I will given the column marking for the same floor plan given above.
• The image of column can be shown. because after the column marking we taken the footing measurement easyly.
• The column should be placed corner of the rooms and plans.
• All the columns are in same the size, so we can taken any one of the column and footing for viewed front direction 
• The column size are 230 mm x 230 mm

 

                                

     Footing marking :

• I can shown the top view of footing marking image below.
• they are 16 footing marking for the plan, all the footings are in same size 

                   

                               

 ELEVATION VIEW OF FOOTING MARKING :

         1. At first open the autocad and set dimensionsthat the dimensions.for drawing the column first use the rectangle
             command called rec enter and select the pointand then after we have a option called dimensions in that we enter                   the dimensions of lenghth is 0.90 and the width of rectangle is 0.45.

         2. At the same taken the rec command for draw the another rectangle above using command (rec enter), start the                   rectangle at the point of first rectangle (0.90,0.40). We can leave and start to draw at 0.15m at first rectangle.

         3. The 2nd rectangle size can be @0.60,0.40

         4. Next point same like as leave and start the point at 0.05m at 2nd rec,

         5. The 3rd rectangle size as @0.50,0.30

         6. The 4th rectangle size as @0.40,0.60. and draw above the wall height 1m and width 0.230m

         7. Used the trim command (tr enter) for earse the un wanted lines

         8. And used the dim command for dimension marking in the footing

   stair case :

         1. stair case can be drawn below the plinth beam 

         2. They are 3 steps are placed, 4 riser and 3 thread are haven totally 1m length.

             riser    = 0.15m

             thread = 0.33m

  

  RESULT :  

         1. I will attached the another result file as  pdf  below the browser option

 

                        

 

  # ISOLATED FOOTING : 

  STEP 1:

• DRAW A LINE WITH COMMAND LAND GIVE 1 UNJTS
• GIVE COMMAND L AND GIVE THE RELATIVE CORDINATES AS O,0.15
• GIVE THE NEXT COORDINATE AS @0,1.6

          GIVE O.28,0

• NEXT COORDINATE 0,-1.6
• NEXT CORDINATE O.38,-0.25
• NEXT 0, -0.15 OR CLOSE

  STEP 2:

• DRAW AN OFFSET WITH THE COMMAND AT A DISTANCE OF O.04 FROM THE BOTTOM LINE TO TOP
• GIVE THE COMMAND OF O AND SELCT THE OBJECT AND GIVE THE OFFSET DISTANCE AS O.04
• DO THE SAME AT THE RIGHT AND LEFT BOTTOM END
• TRIM THE UNWANTED LINES

  STEP3:

• GIVE OFFSET FROM THE TOP LINE WITH AN OFFSET DISTANCE OF O.2UNITS
• GIVE THE COMMAND O AND SELECT THE OBJECT GIVE THE OFFSET DISTANCE AS 0.2
• SELECT MULTIPLE OPTION AND 9 SUCH LINES
• TRIM THE EXCESS LINES

  RESULT :  

           THE CROSS SECTION OF ISOLATED FOOTING IS DRAWN.

 

                          

 

    --------------------------------------- X ------------------------------------------------ X -----------------------------------------

 

  # ISOMETRIC VIEW : 

• The setting of isometric view, first can type a command (ds enter)
• And go to the setting of snap and grid box option --> snap type --> grid snap --> isometric view

 

                          

    Isometric view on stair :

• Set the autocad settings in the Isometric view as snapsettings as a required dimensions and then use the line command
• And then set the direction towards the required way and then set the values for the given figure or diagram use line command and then on the ortho so that we can gte the required straight line 
• then draw the line of 1m using the line command and then next put the point towards the the 90D degress ie towards up direction 
• then set the value as 0.15 and then towards the line parllel to the line draw another line of 1 and again draw the line of 0.30 in the required direction.
• repeat the process for 3 times to get the required diagram and then at last connect the line end point to the starting point to gte the required diagram as shown in the figure below.

        

   RESULT : 

            1. I will attached the another result file as  pdf  below the browser option

 

             

 

     Isometric view on wall :

• To draw ISOMETRIC VIEW OF GABLE WALL:

        Step1 : Go to the snap setting

        Step2: switch off the snap on and grid on mode and change the snap type from rectangular snap to isometric snap.                         Press ok and shut the dialogue box of drafting setting

        Step3: Switch off the ortho mode.

        Step4: Now Toggling between isoplane left, isoplane top and isoplane right accordingly while drawing the isometric                          drawing

        Step5: F5 key can also be used to toggle between the isoplanes.

        Step6: draw the line using F5 width of the wall 2.50 height of the wall 3.25

        Step7: thickness of wall is an 0.230 m . it can draw parallel to the line

        Step8: From the endpoint of the last drawn line Draw the height of isometric view of 3 units

        Step9: Press escape

        Step10: Draw the width of 0.23 unit

        Step11: Toggling between the ISO planes extend the width of O.23 units to a height of 3.25 from the base. Join the                          line  to get a slope.Press escape

        Step12: offset the vertical height of door 2.3 to a distance of 0.9 in the inner direction

        Step13: Trim the unnecessary lines

        Step14: Give the necessary dimensions.

 

   RESULT : 

             1. I will attached the another result file as  pdf  below the browser option