Week 4- Rolling operation
OBJECTIVE- To simulate rolling operation on a workpiece made of copper alloy and find out the required output in ANSYS.
PROCEDURE-
- Open Ansys Workbench and choose static structural.
- In the Engineering data, let the material be structural steel and also choose Copper Alloy non-linear from General non-linear material with default values.
- For the geometry, right-click and import the given Copper_Rolling.stp and open with space claim.
- Using the 'Pull' option sketch edit elongate the workpiece length to 60mm and from either side reduce 8mm thickness.
- Now in the workbench goto Model -> Edit, in the model window check the Geometry for the material and assign Structural Steel to the wheel and Copper Alloy NL to the workpiece.
- For contacts, first, flip contact/target for both the contacts and select 'rename based on definition', for each contact select the required target and contact bodies then for both contact assign the contacts Type= Frictional and Friction coefficient= 0.2, Formulation= Augmented Lagrange, Normal Stiffness= Factor, Normal stiffness factor= 0.1, update stiffness= each iteration and Interface Treatment= Add Offset, Ramped Effects.
- For joints, the 2 wheels will have rotation along the z-axis so joints are created for the 2 wheels by Connection -> Joint -> Body to ground -> Cylindrical, click on Scope= select inner face of the wheel and also reverse the z-axis by clicking on Coordinate system= Reference coordinate system.
- For mesh, as the scope of the result is for workpiece it should have meshed with a smaller element size 2 mm for that right-click on mesh select body sizing and choose the geometry as workpiece and element size 2 mm, click on generate mesh.
- For the analysis setting, the number of steps will be 14 select all the steps and provide Large Deflection= on, under Non-Linear Control, stabilization= constant, method= energy and energy dissipation= 0.1.
- Now apply displacement to the workpiece by selecting the 2 sides of it in the y-axis in tabular format such that the workpiece travels 90mm.
- For the 2 wheels apply the joint load, type= rotation and dof= rotation z and magnitude= tabular such that one wheel rotates clockwise and the other anticlockwise.
- Provide the required output request for the solution like Equivalent stress for the whole setup, Equivalent Plastic strain for the workpiece, Directional Deformation in the Z-axis for the workpiece and to prove that the workpiece has displaced by 90mm choose Directional deformation and select the front 2 surfaces of the workpiece.
RESULT:-
Equivalent Stress On The Whole Setup
| Time | Minimum (MPa) | Maximum (MPa) | Average (MPa) |
| 7.00E-02 | 3.51E-06 | 384.82 | 17.459 |
| 0.14 | 3.55E-08 | 534.15 | 29.675 |
| 0.245 | 1.77E-07 | 559.36 | 43.83 |
| 0.30012 | 2.60E-10 | 538.74 | 48.447 |
| 0.35525 | 3.30E-10 | 534.93 | 52.886 |
| 0.43794 | 4.56E-10 | 576.93 | 59.867 |
| 0.52062 | 5.32E-10 | 612.23 | 65.333 |
| 0.56404 | 6.86E-10 | 599 | 67.566 |
| 0.60745 | 7.49E-10 | 614.28 | 69.657 |
| 0.67256 | 9.66E-10 | 663.55 | 75.348 |
| 0.77024 | 1.09E-09 | 763.87 | 84.331 |
| 0.81712 | 1.55E-09 | 789.98 | 88.148 |
| 0.86401 | 1.73E-09 | 828.33 | 92.302 |
| 0.93433 | 2.17E-09 | 947.02 | 103.15 |
| 1 | 2.82E-09 | 1102.4 | 114.71 |
| 1.07 | 3.63E-09 | 1170.7 | 123.77 |
| 1.14 | 5.67E-09 | 1235.3 | 131.4 |
| 1.1761 | 6.59E-09 | 1265.6 | 135.31 |
| 1.2122 | 7.34E-09 | 1294.1 | 138.97 |
| 1.2663 | 8.47E-09 | 1334.5 | 144.49 |
| 1.3474 | 1.01E-08 | 1398.6 | 152.57 |
| 1.4426 | 1.27E-08 | 1480.9 | 161.89 |
| 1.5464 | 1.68E-08 | 1561.8 | 172.66 |
| 1.6415 | 4.58E-07 | 1630.3 | 182.64 |
| 1.7366 | 5.16E-07 | 1714.3 | 192.39 |
| 1.8335 | 4.26E-08 | 1790.7 | 202.09 |
| 1.9314 | 1.29E-05 | 1861.2 | 212.36 |
| 2 | 6.63E-07 | 1905.7 | 219.6 |
| 2.07 | 5.71E-08 | 1904.5 | 204.1 |
| 2.14 | 7.47E-08 | 1931.5 | 204.5 |
| 2.245 | 8.56E-08 | 1973.2 | 223.45 |
| 2.3613 | 1.06E-07 | 2030.7 | 241.38 |
| 2.4021 | 1.16E-07 | 2048.9 | 243.69 |
| 2.4428 | 1.29E-07 | 2068.6 | 246.85 |
| 2.5038 | 1.37E-07 | 2096.2 | 251.28 |
| 2.5955 | 1.59E-07 | 2137 | 257.97 |
| 2.6871 | 1.86E-07 | 2177.3 | 264.46 |
| 2.8049 | 2.31E-07 | 2228.1 | 270.18 |
| 2.9052 | 2.71E-07 | 2272.3 | 277.14 |
| 3 | 3.20E-07 | 2309.1 | 283.21 |
| 3.07 | 3.69E-07 | 2337.9 | 288.56 |
| 3.14 | 5.02E-07 | 2371.5 | 291.45 |
| 3.245 | 5.71E-07 | 2421.6 | 298.28 |
| 3.3546 | 6.68E-07 | 2467.3 | 306.6 |
| 3.4676 | 8.54E-07 | 2505.4 | 314.04 |
| 3.5634 | 9.91E-07 | 2532.3 | 320.01 |
| 3.6592 | 1.16E-06 | 2550.6 | 329.23 |
| 3.7731 | 1.52E-06 | 2566.7 | 337.51 |
| 3.876 | 6.19E-05 | 2595.4 | 344.68 |
| 3.938 | 2.08E-06 | 2609.5 | 350.41 |
| 4 | 2.28E-06 | 2620.5 | 354.8 |
| 4.07 | 2.57E-06 | 2630 | 360.27 |
| 4.14 | 3.54E-06 | 2636.2 | 365.17 |
| 4.245 | 3.93E-06 | 2620.6 | 371.91 |
| 4.35 | 4.59E-06 | 2638.4 | 378.06 |
| 4.4631 | 6.11E-06 | 2650 | 385.05 |
| 4.5707 | 5.78E-04 | 2661.5 | 388.91 |
| 4.6784 | 8.91E-06 | 2681.3 | 396.62 |
| 4.791 | 7.11E-05 | 2694.5 | 401.58 |
| 4.9049 | 4.70E-04 | 2689.6 | 405.04 |
| 5 | 1.62E-05 | 2708.5 | 408.51 |
| 5.07 | 1.84E-05 | 2719.4 | 413.58 |
| 5.14 | 2.33E-05 | 2725.6 | 415.81 |
| 5.245 | 2.72E-05 | 2692.3 | 420.61 |
| 5.35 | 3.16E-05 | 2712.7 | 423.22 |
| 5.4641 | 4.06E-05 | 2726.2 | 427.21 |
| 5.561 | 4.08E-04 | 2686 | 429.19 |
| 5.6579 | 5.90E-05 | 2707.4 | 435.05 |
| 5.77 | 7.25E-05 | 2723.6 | 438.34 |
| 5.873 | 1.12E-04 | 2693.9 | 438.39 |
| 5.9365 | 1.05E-04 | 2668.2 | 444.87 |
| 6 | 1.16E-04 | 2681.1 | 446.51 |
| 6.07 | 1.29E-04 | 2692.8 | 448.96 |
| 6.14 | 1.84E-04 | 2698.1 | 447.69 |
| 6.245 | 2.06E-04 | 2670.3 | 449.5 |
| 6.3536 | 2.39E-04 | 2690.2 | 450.26 |
| 6.4661 | 3.14E-04 | 2701.8 | 453.39 |
| 6.5749 | 2.02E-04 | 2646.5 | 455.4 |
| 6.6836 | 3.47E-04 | 2668.6 | 460.19 |
| 6.7962 | 5.83E-04 | 2682.4 | 463.44 |
| 6.9073 | 2.57E-04 | 2649.5 | 466.68 |
| 7 | 2.15E-04 | 2668.9 | 470.06 |
| 7.07 | 2.94E-04 | 2680.8 | 477.48 |
| 7.14 | 3.89E-04 | 2685.4 | 477.26 |
| 7.245 | 2.82E-04 | 2642.4 | 480.17 |
| 7.3548 | 2.07E-04 | 2663.8 | 484.69 |
| 7.4665 | 7.06E-04 | 2675.7 | 488.26 |
| 7.5649 | 1.80E-04 | 2639.4 | 490.12 |
| 7.6633 | 5.40E-04 | 2660.1 | 496.69 |
| 7.7765 | 4.57E-04 | 2676 | 500.71 |
| 7.879 | 5.74E-04 | 2630.3 | 501.25 |
| 7.9395 | 5.89E-04 | 2644.4 | 506.78 |
| 8 | 5.63E-04 | 2656.6 | 508.66 |
| 8.07 | 6.53E-04 | 2668.3 | 515.11 |
| 8.14 | 4.92E-04 | 2673.2 | 514.96 |
| 8.245 | 4.87E-04 | 2650.2 | 518.89 |
| 8.3552 | 6.61E-04 | 2671.4 | 522.77 |
| 8.4683 | 8.45E-04 | 2682.4 | 526.13 |
| 8.5645 | 5.72E-04 | 2635.6 | 528.04 |
| 8.6608 | 4.34E-04 | 2655.9 | 534.49 |
| 8.7744 | 4.05E-04 | 2671.4 | 537.61 |
| 8.8903 | 8.42E-04 | 2631.7 | 539.69 |
| 9 | 9.53E-04 | 2654.9 | 545.87 |
| 9.07 | 1.12E-03 | 2667 | 552.28 |
| 9.14 | 8.10E-04 | 2671.6 | 553.16 |
| 9.245 | 6.08E-04 | 2643.5 | 557.32 |
| 9.3549 | 1.21E-03 | 2664.4 | 561.16 |
| 9.467 | 2.01E-03 | 2676.3 | 564.35 |
| 9.5756 | 1.21E-03 | 2642 | 565.72 |
| 9.6135 | 1.47E-03 | 2649.2 | 570.78 |
| 9.6515 | 1.65E-03 | 2656.9 | 571.55 |
| 9.7085 | 1.93E-03 | 2666.6 | 572.77 |
| 9.794 | 1.77E-03 | 2676.3 | 575.7 |
| 9.9029 | 1.20E-03 | 2652 | 576.65 |
| 10 | 1.20E-03 | 2653.7 | 583.22 |
| 10.07 | 1.01E-03 | 2661.9 | 589.84 |
| 10.14 | 2.03E-03 | 2667.1 | 590.8 |
| 10.245 | 2.04E-03 | 2658.8 | 594.85 |
| 10.355 | 2.83E-03 | 2661.9 | 597.22 |
| 10.469 | 4.46E-03 | 2673.6 | 602.02 |
| 10.577 | 3.15E-03 | 2664.6 | 603.64 |
| 10.614 | 3.44E-03 | 2664.4 | 608.76 |
| 10.652 | 2.10E-02 | 2665.3 | 609.19 |
| 10.709 | 3.98E-03 | 2665.7 | 610.73 |
| 10.794 | 3.50E-03 | 2673.3 | 613.61 |
| 10.898 | 2.55E-03 | 2668.5 | 614.8 |
| 11 | 2.75E-03 | 2670.1 | 620.9 |
| 11.07 | 8.70E-04 | 2664.5 | 602.64 |
| 11.14 | 2.71E-03 | 2706.9 | 599.86 |
| 11.199 | 2.72E-03 | 2712.2 | 606.31 |
| 11.259 | 2.62E-03 | 2714.6 | 614.68 |
| 11.328 | 2.65E-03 | 2716.2 | 625.33 |
| 11.398 | 2.50E-03 | 2716.7 | 635.51 |
| 11.458 | 2.28E-03 | 2717 | 643.16 |
| 11.518 | 2.47E-03 | 2717.4 | 649.83 |
| 11.589 | 2.99E-03 | 2718 | 657.8 |
| 11.653 | 3.39E-03 | 2718.6 | 665.12 |
| 11.717 | 4.21E-03 | 2719.1 | 671.78 |
| 11.786 | 4.97E-03 | 2719.7 | 678.26 |
| 11.859 | 4.39E-03 | 2720 | 685.65 |
| 11.93 | 3.44E-03 | 2720.1 | 692.42 |
| 12 | 2.88E-03 | 2719.9 | 698.26 |
| 12.07 | 1.22E-03 | 2713.1 | 691.99 |
| 12.132 | 3.02E-03 | 2724.3 | 708.29 |
| 12.193 | 2.24E-03 | 2742 | 714.54 |
| 12.253 | 2.34E-03 | 2756.9 | 719.35 |
| 12.314 | 3.65E-03 | 2763.2 | 724.67 |
| 12.376 | 4.38E-03 | 2783.6 | 729.88 |
| 12.439 | 5.88E-03 | 2802.7 | 736.42 |
| 12.506 | 7.10E-03 | 2818.4 | 741.44 |
| 12.573 | 9.00E-03 | 2833.5 | 747.19 |
| 12.643 | 8.49E-03 | 2858.1 | 752.65 |
| 12.705 | 8.27E-03 | 2877.7 | 758.87 |
| 12.766 | 7.87E-03 | 2890.8 | 763.77 |
| 12.834 | 7.63E-03 | 2899.9 | 769.13 |
| 12.903 | 6.75E-03 | 2910.3 | 774.56 |
| 12.973 | 6.09E-03 | 2930.8 | 781.26 |
| 13 | 1.88E-02 | 2937.8 | 783.54 |
| 13.068 | 3.10E-03 | 2951.9 | 774.51 |
| 13.126 | 5.43E-03 | 2955.8 | 789.18 |
| 13.185 | 5.70E-03 | 2960 | 793.47 |
| 13.254 | 6.28E-03 | 2978 | 799.36 |
| 13.323 | 7.50E-03 | 2990.5 | 803.19 |
| 13.387 | 8.56E-03 | 2996.1 | 806.3 |
| 13.451 | 8.92E-03 | 3012.1 | 808.48 |
| 13.527 | 9.55E-03 | 3031.9 | 813.05 |
| 13.607 | 1.05E-02 | 3054.6 | 815.32 |
| 13.679 | 1.20E-02 | 3101.8 | 817.58 |
| 13.751 | 1.18E-02 | 3138.3 | 819.31 |
| 13.835 | 1.11E-02 | 3180.1 | 821.96 |
| 13.923 | 9.48E-03 | 3216.9 | 822.91 |
| 14 | 8.36E-03 | 3245.6 | 823.81 |
-
After the simulation, the equivalent stress on the whole setup is generated from which the workpiece experiences the maximum stress of about 3245.6 MPa and wheel 1 experiences the minimum stress of about 8.358e-003 MPa.
Equivalent Plastic Strain For The Workpiece
| Time | Minimum (mm/mm) | Maximum (mm/mm) | Average (mm/mm) |
| 7.00E-02 | 0.00E+00 | 2.39E-02 | 1.89E-04 |
| 0.14 | 0.00E+00 | 5.46E-02 | 1.37E-03 |
| 0.245 | 0.00E+00 | 0.11536 | 4.80E-03 |
| 0.30012 | 0.00E+00 | 0.13213 | 6.13E-03 |
| 0.35525 | 0.00E+00 | 0.15118 | 7.70E-03 |
| 0.43794 | 0.00E+00 | 0.19948 | 1.13E-02 |
| 0.52062 | 0.00E+00 | 0.24714 | 1.52E-02 |
| 0.56404 | 0.00E+00 | 0.25842 | 1.63E-02 |
| 0.60745 | 0.00E+00 | 0.27104 | 1.76E-02 |
| 0.67256 | 0.00E+00 | 0.31202 | 2.12E-02 |
| 0.77024 | 0.00E+00 | 0.39534 | 2.86E-02 |
| 0.81712 | 0.00E+00 | 0.41721 | 3.11E-02 |
| 0.86401 | 0.00E+00 | 0.4482 | 3.44E-02 |
| 0.93433 | 0.00E+00 | 0.53969 | 4.32E-02 |
| 1 | 0.00E+00 | 0.65839 | 5.53E-02 |
| 1.07 | 0.00E+00 | 0.71192 | 6.12E-02 |
| 1.14 | 0.00E+00 | 0.76398 | 6.73E-02 |
| 1.1761 | 0.00E+00 | 0.78833 | 7.05E-02 |
| 1.2122 | 0.00E+00 | 0.81116 | 7.36E-02 |
| 1.2663 | 0.00E+00 | 0.84325 | 7.82E-02 |
| 1.3474 | 0.00E+00 | 0.88736 | 8.51E-02 |
| 1.4426 | 0.00E+00 | 0.93302 | 9.31E-02 |
| 1.5464 | 0.00E+00 | 0.99135 | 0.10187 |
| 1.6415 | 0.00E+00 | 1.0405 | 0.10997 |
| 1.7366 | 0.00E+00 | 1.0841 | 0.11805 |
| 1.8335 | 0.00E+00 | 1.1229 | 0.1262 |
| 1.9314 | 0.00E+00 | 1.1709 | 0.13446 |
| 2 | 0.00E+00 | 1.202 | 0.14026 |
| 2.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2022 | 0.14368 |
| 2.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2124 | 0.14768 |
| 2.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2262 | 0.15375 |
| 2.3613 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2403 | 0.16089 |
| 2.4021 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2448 | 0.16335 |
| 2.4428 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2494 | 0.16588 |
| 2.5038 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2555 | 0.16963 |
| 2.5955 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2635 | 0.17529 |
| 2.6871 | 0.00E+00 | 1.27 | 0.18099 |
| 2.8049 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2785 | 0.1883 |
| 2.9052 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2885 | 0.19463 |
| 3 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2956 | 0.20056 |
| 3.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.2996 | 0.20473 |
| 3.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3028 | 0.20938 |
| 3.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3059 | 0.21606 |
| 3.3546 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3072 | 0.22303 |
| 3.4676 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3072 | 0.23007 |
| 3.5634 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3072 | 0.23619 |
| 3.6592 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3078 | 0.24222 |
| 3.7731 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3162 | 0.24934 |
| 3.876 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3361 | 0.2558 |
| 3.938 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3487 | 0.25974 |
| 4 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3661 | 0.26371 |
| 4.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3827 | 0.26779 |
| 4.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.3979 | 0.27242 |
| 4.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4166 | 0.27906 |
| 4.35 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4312 | 0.28574 |
| 4.4631 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4424 | 0.29284 |
| 4.5707 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4499 | 0.29977 |
| 4.6784 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4568 | 0.30662 |
| 4.791 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4683 | 0.3137 |
| 4.9049 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4758 | 0.32083 |
| 5 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4799 | 0.32687 |
| 5.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4816 | 0.33105 |
| 5.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4826 | 0.33547 |
| 5.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.34207 |
| 5.35 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.34871 |
| 5.4641 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.35578 |
| 5.561 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.36194 |
| 5.6579 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.36811 |
| 5.77 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.37511 |
| 5.873 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.38157 |
| 5.9365 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.38564 |
| 6 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.38971 |
| 6.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.394 |
| 6.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.39884 |
| 6.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.4057 |
| 6.3536 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.41277 |
| 6.4661 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.41991 |
| 6.5749 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.42689 |
| 6.6836 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.43394 |
| 6.7962 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.44105 |
| 6.9073 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.44807 |
| 7 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.45403 |
| 7.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.45813 |
| 7.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.46282 |
| 7.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.46953 |
| 7.3548 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.47663 |
| 7.4665 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.48366 |
| 7.5649 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.49 |
| 7.6633 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.4963 |
| 7.7765 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.50343 |
| 7.879 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.50999 |
| 7.9395 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.51383 |
| 8 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.51774 |
| 8.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.52185 |
| 8.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.52656 |
| 8.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.53329 |
| 8.3552 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.5404 |
| 8.4683 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.54754 |
| 8.5645 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.55377 |
| 8.6608 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.55994 |
| 8.7744 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.56708 |
| 8.8903 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.57435 |
| 9 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.58136 |
| 9.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.58553 |
| 9.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.59024 |
| 9.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.59697 |
| 9.3549 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.60405 |
| 9.467 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.61111 |
| 9.5756 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.61808 |
| 9.6135 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.62054 |
| 9.6515 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.62303 |
| 9.7085 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.62668 |
| 9.794 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.63207 |
| 9.9029 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.63898 |
| 10 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.64515 |
| 10.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.6493 |
| 10.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.65398 |
| 10.245 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.66071 |
| 10.355 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.66778 |
| 10.469 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.67491 |
| 10.577 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.68187 |
| 10.614 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.68432 |
| 10.652 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.68679 |
| 10.709 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.69043 |
| 10.794 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.6958 |
| 10.898 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.70239 |
| 11 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.70888 |
| 11.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.71562 |
| 11.14 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.72272 |
| 11.199 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.7287 |
| 11.259 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.73461 |
| 11.328 | 0.00E+00 | 1.483 | 0.74146 |
| 11.398 | 0.00E+00 | 1.4916 | 0.7482 |
| 11.458 | 0.00E+00 | 1.499 | 0.75409 |
| 11.518 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5041 | 0.75991 |
| 11.589 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5079 | 0.76663 |
| 11.653 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5148 | 0.77273 |
| 11.717 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5213 | 0.77882 |
| 11.786 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5261 | 0.78544 |
| 11.859 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5379 | 0.79234 |
| 11.93 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5465 | 0.79922 |
| 12 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5553 | 0.806 |
| 12.07 | 0.00E+00 | 1.5668 | 0.81264 |
| 12.132 | 0.00E+00 | 1.576 | 0.81894 |
| 12.193 | 3.55E-05 | 1.5866 | 0.82495 |
| 12.253 | 9.12E-05 | 1.5996 | 0.83086 |
| 12.314 | 1.43E-04 | 1.6097 | 0.8366 |
| 12.376 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6183 | 0.84249 |
| 12.439 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6248 | 0.8483 |
| 12.506 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6367 | 0.85447 |
| 12.573 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6471 | 0.86061 |
| 12.643 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6554 | 0.8669 |
| 12.705 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6613 | 0.87237 |
| 12.766 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6651 | 0.87766 |
| 12.834 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6682 | 0.88342 |
| 12.903 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6701 | 0.88922 |
| 12.973 | 5.13E-04 | 1.671 | 0.89491 |
| 13 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6728 | 0.8971 |
| 13.068 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6761 | 0.90233 |
| 13.126 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6776 | 0.90693 |
| 13.185 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6788 | 0.91138 |
| 13.254 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6804 | 0.91634 |
| 13.323 | 5.13E-04 | 1.686 | 0.92109 |
| 13.387 | 5.13E-04 | 1.6947 | 0.92538 |
| 13.451 | 5.13E-04 | 1.7088 | 0.92946 |
| 13.527 | 5.13E-04 | 1.7339 | 0.93396 |
| 13.607 | 5.13E-04 | 1.7581 | 0.93849 |
| 13.679 | 5.13E-04 | 1.7778 | 0.9424 |
| 13.751 | 5.13E-04 | 1.7953 | 0.946 |
| 13.835 | 5.13E-04 | 1.8294 | 0.95002 |
| 13.923 | 5.13E-04 | 1.866 | 0.95387 |
| 14 | 5.13E-04 | 1.9025 | 0.95707 |
- The equivalent plastic strain on the workpiece shows that the tip of the workpiece experiences the least strain which is about 5.1276e-004 mm/mm and the strain at the end of the workpiece is maximum which is about 1.9025 mm/mm.
Directional Deformation in the Z-axis for the workpiece
- After the rolling operation, the workpiece thickness is increased along the Z-axis the maximum deformation is about 5.2584 mm.
Prove that the workpiece has displaced by 90mm
- From the above directional deformation simulation and the graph it can be observed that the workpiece has displaced by near to 90mm the maximum displacement observed is -89.562 mm along the Y-axis.
CONCLUSION:-
So by completing the analysis of the rolling operation of the workpiece of copper alloy non-linear it can be observed that the maximum equivalent stress experienced by it is about 3245.6 MPa while the thickness along Z-axis is increased maximum of 5.2584 mm as the workpiece is displaced along the y-axis to the maximum displacement of -89.562 mm.
Simulation File- https://drive.google.com/file/d/1B1SGZ0X4_AHeGUEM1DE9cgGPzn_a4yB-/view?usp=sharing