Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1. Major elements in wiring diagram are:-
Battery
Starter
Fuel Gauge
Ammeter
Fuse
Ignition Coil
Generator
Distributor
Junction Block Current and Voltage regulator

2. Battery - The battery is used to store and provide DC electricity to the whole circuit. A battery stores DC current only and hence, an AC to DC converter is used to convert the AC current to DC current and then stored in a battery which can be used any time and according to different use purpose.
Fuse - A fuse is a protection device that protects the circuit from any damage if the current increases due to any reason.
A basic fuse is based on the principle of heating effect of current. When excess current flows through the wire, the fuse wire melts, thus breaking the circuit and protects the entire circuit from damage. A fuse wire can be replaced easily.
Ammeter - An ammeter is used to measure the current along the circuit. It is connected in series with the load.
An ammeter has a very low resistance so that it does not changes the current and the load current can be measured accurately.

3. If the load is of 10A then we can use the fuse of 15A. If we choose the fuse wire to be 10 A as that of load then small power fluctuations will also break the fuse wire but will not harm our circuit. However, the fuse wire will break frequently. So, to avoid this, we generally choose a fuse wire with a slightly greater limit to keep the current in the safety range and also serve its purpose.

4. As we know,

Load = 500 W = 0.5kWh = P

Let's assume a 12V DC Battery

So,

P = 500 W

V = 12 V

P = V x I

I = P/V

I = 500/12

I = 41.66 Ah

Hence a battery of 50Ah will be sufficient.

5. Ammeter is connected in parallel in the circuit so that it can measure the accurate current flowing in the circuit because an ammeter has very low resistance wire.

A generator is connected in parallel in the circuit because it maintains a constant power supply.

6. Battery is connected in series in the circuit because connecting batteries in series increases the voltage and reduces the current drawn from the battery which increases the run time of the battery.

A starter is connected in the series in the circuit so that it can start the motor.