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Project 1_Comparative study of different storey buildings for Seismic forces

AIM : To Comparative study of different storey buildings for Seismic forces INTRODUCTION : Introduction:- The emergence of technology gives rise to newer challenges. The new challenges are the result of human desire for achieving more and…

ETABS

Punitharanganathan M
updated on 31 Mar 2022

AIM :

To Comparative study of different storey buildings for Seismic forces

INTRODUCTION :

Introduction:-

The emergence of technology gives rise to newer challenges. The new challenges are the result of human desire for achieving more and more and this results in never-ending thoughts to build something enormous every day. The newer technologies are the outcome of our desire. To fulfill those desires, we humans tend to innovate newer inventions and discoveries. That’s called development. A big picture of our desirable thoughts. But also there lies one more area that is leading the way towards a newer world. Designing is that area through which the initiation of large innovations and discoveries begins. This design can be related to any field of engineering. But right now as are dealing with ETABS software so our main focus would on designing as a civil engineer. To learn this software, online ETABS courses are available widely on the internet which should be tried at least once by every civil engineering aspirant.

What is ETABS software?

ETABS being Extended 3D analysis of Building Systems is a design and analytic software used for designing and mathematically analyze all the physical and theoretical aspects of structures and buildings. The building could be a skyscraper or multi-story house. It’s an advanced level software used more widely for multi-story buildings. It is considered a highly advanced tool for civil engineers in designing and structural analysis. With the help of advanced but user-friendly tools, It’s easy to design any complex buildings at higher efficiency.

SEISMIC ANALYSIS :

Seismic analysis is a tool for the estimation of structural response in the process of designing earthquake resistant structures and/or retrofitting vulnerable existing structures. In principle, the problem is difficult because the structural response to strong earthquakes is dynamic, nonlinear and random.

PROCEDURE :

First we create the 10 different type of building design like as,

BUILDING A
BUILDING B
BUILDING C

4. BUILDING D

5. BUILDING E

6. BUILDING F

7. BUILDING G

8. BUILDING H

9. BUILDING I

10. BUILDING J

1.) BUILDING A :

STEP 1:

Open the etab software
Open the new model at the left top corners
After click the new model there open the model initialization dialouge box
In the box we can see a 3 option and then select the last option
Set the unit as " METRIC SI " and set the steel section data base as " indian " and set the code as 800:2007 for 3rd option. finally set the code 456:2000 for last option

After finishing the previous process then open new model quick template opened automatically
we can set the grid dimension as custom and also the story dimension
Next we can set the number of storys and height of the story in x grid data
And also same the process in y grid data and then ok
And we give the name for the story as base, plint , story1, story2
And set the height of the plinth as 1.5m and other all as 3m
Then set the all story, similar to story 1 except plinth
Finally click ok

STEP 2:

In there we can saw the grids and story are created above the picture
Next we go to the define option and select the material properties
Then there open a define material box and select the add new material option
And select the region "INDIAN" , material type "concrete", standard "INDIAN", grade "M30"
then click ok

After here opening the material property data box
Set the material name like M30
Then material type "Concrete"
Others are automatically update with use code given
Finally click ok
Again click the add new material
again set add new material properties
Here we can set the matrial properties as "rebar"
And then click ok

STEP 3:

Next go the define option and select the section properties and go to the frame section
Select the concrete rectangle and click ok
And set the material name as (B300 X 400) and material "M30"
Go to the modify show rebar
And set the design type M3 beam and give the rebar material as HYSD 415 for both
And then click ok

Next we can open the same concrete rectangle and select the column in here
And set the material name as (C800 X 800) and material "M30"
Go to the modify show rebar
And set the rebar as HYSD415 for both
Finally click ok

STEP 4:

Go to the define tab and select the section properties and then select the slab section
After there open a slab properties box
and click modify option and then set properties name "slab 150"
Give the slab material " M30"
And modeling type " membrane"
Give the thickness of slab as 150mm
Finally click ok

Go to the define and select the load patterns
set or make the loads like dead, live, wall, EQX, EQY
Give the IS code value for EXQ, EXY
Taken the both load and set the (DIRECTION AND ECCENTRICITY)
EXQ - only select the x-dirction
EXY - only select the y-dirction
And set the seismic zone factor for per code as per the rule of code book (0.16)
And set the site type as (II)
This process is same for both the EQX, EQY
Here wall load is super dead load

STEP 5:

Again go to the define option
And select the load cases
After opening the load cases dialouge box check once
And then click ok

Taken the define option and select the mass source
After opening the mass source dialouge box
Just give a modify option to modify it
Just select only the specify load pattern and other then unselect it
And give the load patterns as dead load, live load, wall load
Give the value of the dead load and wall load as (1)
give the value of live load as (0.25)
Then click ok

STEP 6:

Again go to the define option and select the load combination
After opening the load combination dialouge box
Just select the concrete frame design
And select "converet to user combination" option
Then click ok
After that we can see the combination of load are automatically placed with help of code designs
Let now we can arrage the materials and loads on the design
go to the quick draw column option in the left to corner
After clicking the box will appear in left bottom corner
there we want to set the properties as we alredy maked column
And go the plan view and and placed the coloumn on the grid . Is shown in the below image
Just use the replicate option to make the multiple or copy paste the column to all the grid

Use the quick draw beam option in the left corner
After clicking the box will appear in left bottom corner
there we want to set the properties as we alredy maked beam (B300 x 400)
And go the plan view and and placed the coloumn on the grid . Is shown in the below image
Just use the replicate option to make the multiple or copy paste the beam to all the grid
Select the quick draw floor option to draw the slab
select all stories
and select the alredy create slab150 in the properties
And just pick in the story
the all slab are create image as given below

STEP 7:

Go to the select tab
then pick the properties and select the freame sections
go to the select by frame property dialouge box
Select the beams and click ok
the selected beams are shown there in below image

open the selected plan views
select the story 1 option
And then select the similar story option
Go to the assign tab select the frame load
And assign the distributed load
Select the load pattern name as "wall" (sdl)
give the load value of 10 KN/m
Here loads are assigned image as given below
loads are assigned for all the floors

STEP 8:

Go to the select tab and pick the select option
click the properties option and pick the slab section
In there open a dialouge box for select by slab property
select the slab 150
the slab selected image as given below
Go to the assign tab and select the shell load
And select the uniform
Then there will open the (shell load assignment) dialouge box
give the load pattern name as (live load)
And give the load value as 3 kn/m2
Finally then click ok

The load as been assigned in the shell as been showed below the image
Go to the assign tab
Then select the shell and pick the diaphragms
tHere automatically open the shell assignment dialouge box
In the dialouge box select the (d1) option
the diaphragms as placed at the center of the building
After finishing the all loads aasignment
just go to the run analysis option as shown below
After click the run analysis option they asked a save file option
just save the file and run the analysis
After finishing the analysis
the deformation of building as been showned in the screen and its shown in below the image
Go to the model exploser tab
pick the tabel option
and pick the analysis results
click the structural outputs
and then click the model information
finally we saw the tabels from the model information
pick the tables. they shown the model periods frequencies and we taken the value in there

2.) BUILDING B :

STEP 1:

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 A) but. I can rename it finally building B
Go to the edit option
And go to the edit stories and grid system
Click the modify option
After go to the add storey and click keep editing story height

After pick the add story
Just give the number of added stories (3)
And then added story image as given below
Pick the display shell load assign option on the tool bar
And then apply
load as been applied 3 kn as shown in below image

STEP 2:

Go to the display frame load assigns on the top tool bar
And give the wall (sdl) load and click ok
the load as been assigned and the image as given below
And go to the select option
pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

3.) BUILDING C :

STEP 1:

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 b). but I can rename it finally building C
Go to the define option
select the section properties and select the frame section
Next frame properties dialouge box can be opened
pick the c400x400 and modify the size as 550 x 300 and then click ok
The column size as been changed image as given below

STEP 2:

Go to the select tab in the top tool bar
And select the select option and go to the properties
And pick the frame section
then there will open the select properties dialouge box and select the column size 550x300
Next go to the assign option on the top tool bar
go to the frame and select the local axes
The frame assignment dialouge box as been opened
And select the angel and set the value 90

STEP 3:

pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

4.) BUILDING D :

STEP 1:

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 C). but I can rename it finally building D
Go to the define option
select the section properties and select the frame section
Next frame properties dialouge box can be opened
pick the C550 x 300 and then click ok
The column size as been changed image as given below

Go to the select tab in the top tool bar
And select the select option and go to the properties
And pick the frame section
then there will open the select properties dialouge box and select the column size 550x300
Next go to the assign option on the top tool bar
go to the frame and select the local axes
The frame assignment dialouge box as been opened
And select the angel and set the value 0

STEP 2:

pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

5.) BUILDING E :

STEP 1:

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 D). but I can rename it finally building E
Go to the edit option
And go to the edit stories and grid system
Click the modify option
After go to the add storey and click keep editing story height
After pick the add story
Just give the extend the added stories to (5)
And then added story image as given below
Pick the display shell load assign option on the tool bar
And then apply
load as been applied 3 kn as shown in below image
And go to the frame loads and set wall and click ok

STEP 2:

Go to the define option on the tool bar
select the section properties
pick the frame section and select the rectangle concrete
And set the column C600x600
And also select the another concrete size as c400x400
and set the rebar material as HYSD415

STEP 3:

Go to the view and select the set view option
And unselect the beam and floors then click apply
Again go to the view and select set building view limits
And the dialouge as been opened
select the bottom story 6 to top story story 10
Select all the columns
And go the assign select the frame and pick the section properties
select the column C400x400

STEP 4:

The columns are placed image as given below
go to the set building view limits
Set the bottom story to base
Go to the view and set view option and select beam and floor then click apply
pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

6.) BUILDING F :

STEP 1:

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 E) but. I can rename it finally building F
Go to the view and select the set view option
And unselect the beam and floors then click apply
Again go to the view and select set building view limits
And the dialouge as been opened
select the bottom story 6 to top story story 10
Select all the columns
And go the assign select the frame and pick the section properties
select the column C600X600

The columns are placed
Again go to the set building view limits
Set the bottom story to base
Go to the view and set view option and select beam and floor then click apply

STEP 2 :

pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

7.) BUILDING G :

STEP :1

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 F) but. I can rename it finally building G
Go to the edit option
And go to the edit stories and grid system
Click the modify option
After go to the add storey and click keep editing story height
Add and extend the story to 15 total 25 stories

Go to the sheel load option and set the live load and apply
Go to the display frame load assigns on the top tool bar
And give the wall (sdl) load and click ok
the load as been assigned and the image as given below
go to the define and select section properties
pick the frame section
select the rectangle concrete and make c800x800

Go to the view and select the set view option
And unselect the beam and floors then click apply
Again go to the view and select set building view limits
And the dialouge as been opened
select the bottom story 21 to top story story 25
Select all the columns
And go the assign select the frame and pick the section properties
select the column C400x400

Again go to the view and select set building view limits
And the dialouge as been opened
select the bottom story 6 to top story story 10
Select all the columns
And go the assign select the frame and pick the section properties
select the column C600x600
Already bottom stories column are fixed in c800x800

STEP 2:

pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

8.) BUILDING H :

STEP :1

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 G) but. I can rename it finally building H
Go to the view and select the set view option
Select all the columns
And go the assign select the frame and pick the section properties
select the column C800x800
Again go to the view and select set building view limits
And select the beam and floors then click apply

STEP 2:

pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

9.) BUILDING I :

STEP :1

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 H) but. I can rename it finally building I
pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
Go to the assign shell load uniform
give the load pattern name (live)
load 3.3

STEP 2:

pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

10.) BUILDING J :

STEP :1

Go to the file option and go to the save as option
And saved the name as etab 2 I) but. I can rename it finally building J
pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
Go to the assign shell load uniform
give the load pattern name (live)
load 3.6

STEP 2:

pick the select and then properties
click on the slab section
select the slab 150
after select the slab, go to the assign tab
select the shell and pick the diaphragms
pick the d1 and then click ok
the diaphragms as placed on the building image as given below
Finally pick the run analysis option on the tool bar
Then deformed shape buildings are shown below the image

______________________X_____________________________X_______________________________X________________________

RESULTS :

1. BUILDING A :

2. BUILDING B

3. BUILDING C

4. BUILDING D

5. BUILDING E

6. BUILDING F

7. BUILDING G

8. BUILDING H

9. BUILDING I

10. BUILDING J

______________________X_____________________________X_______________________________X______________________

ANSWER 1 :

CRITERIA	MODEL	ANALYSIS RESULT	CONCLUTION
Effect of stiffness on time period	Building-E (10 storey with varying colunv size)	1.73 s	The building E and F are same at the Effect of stiffness on time period The building G and H are some points different in the Effect of stiffness on time period
Effect of stiffness on time period	Building-F (10 storey with varying colunv size)	1.73 s
Effect of stiffness on time period	Building-G (25 storey with varying colunv size)	4.17 s
Effect of stiffness on time period	Building-H (25 storey with varying colunv size)	4.41 s

ANSWER 2 :

CRITERIA	MODEL	ANALYSIS RESULT	CONCLUTION
Effect of stiffness on time period	Building-H (25 storey with 3KN/sq.m imposed load)	1.73 s	The building h and i are same but j can be majorly points different in the Effect of stiffness on time period
	Building-I (25 storey with 3.3 KN/sq.m imposed load)	1.73 s
	Building-J (25 storey with 3.6 KN/sq.m imposed load)	4.17 s

ANSWER 3 :

CRITERIA	MODEL	ANALYSIS RESULT	CONCLUTION
Effect of building height on time period	Building-A (2 storey)	0.5 s	all the building A,B,F,H are differntly placed in the Effect of building height on time period
	Building-B (5 storey )	1.03 s
	Building-F (10 storey )	1.73 s
	Building-H (25 storey )	4.41 s

ANSWER 4 :

CRITERIA	MODEL	ANALYSIS RESULT	CONCLUTION
Effect of column orientation on time period	Building-H (All floors column size 400x400)	1.03 s	The building H,I,J are some major different in the Effect of column orientation on time period
	Building-I (All floors column size 550x300) oriented in X-direction	1.145 s
	Building-J (All floors column size 300x550) oriented in Y-direction	4.12 s