Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project

1.Aim & Introduction

Aim

This challenge aims to familiarize the student with the standard concepts and norms in any National Building Code. The essential concept of following the rules and regulations under the code is important in modeling the structure to ensure that student understands why and how the structure should be moulded and constructed

Intruduction

Revit is a building information modeling software that allows the user to create and design a 3D model building structure. It is an architectural,strcutural, and mechanical software where the user can provide 3D illustration of the building as well as its design

2.Detail Procedure

1) Why are building codes or standards essential for the modeling/ efficiency of drawings in Revit ?

Ans:

Building codes are the compliation of knowledge of great Engineers/Architects with years of Experience that allows the validation of a building stability, design and Limitations. These codes are essential in the modeling of a building structure as gives certain and tested values to ensure the quality of the building

The national building code exists soley to maintain a criteria where buildings can be tested in a standard manner and improve through the ideas of great Engineers/Architects. This involves the hows and whys of designing the building base on the environment you are in. So following the building code is very important and will give assurance that your buildings is stable,strong and respects the law and regulations of the country your buildings it in.

2) From the National Building Code list the groups that will be essential to you when you begin modeling in Autodesk Revit.

Ans:

For modeling in Autodesk Revit, the groups under the National Building code of india 2005 that will be essential is group 1 and group 2

A. Group 1:For Development, Building Planning and Related Aspects

Group 1 of the code is essential for modelling in Autodesk Revit as it contains the parameters needed in modeling a building. It contains different parts such as the following

• Part 0: Integrated Approach provisions of the code
• Part 2:Aministration
• Part 3:Development Control Rules and general building Requirements
• Part 4: Fire and Life safety
• Part 5:Building Materials
• Part 10: Landscaping, Signs and Outdoor Display Structures

-Section 1-Landscape Planning and Design

-Section 2-Signs and outdoor Display Structures

This sections contains the limitation and section properties required in the building. It is important that this code assure that the building will be modeled according to its purpose. This group also include the type of material that the building should be made of to ensure that the building will be appropriate for its use. is used by Architectshat the building will be modeled according to its purpose. This group also include the type of material that the building should be made of to ensure that the building will be appropriate for its use. Landscaping is also part of its provisions as a building will be required to have signs, does not obstruct, and valid in its location as well as its purpose.This group is used by Architects

B. Group 2: For Structural Design and related Aspects

Group 2 describes the design parameters of the structure which is essential to provide stability and strength to the building. It contains different parts such as the following:

• Part 0: Integrated approach provisions of the code
• Part 6: Structural Design

1. Section 1:Loads, forces and effects
2. Section 2:Soils and foundation
3. Section 3:Timber and Bamboo(3A timber, 3B Bamboo)
4. Section 4:Masonry
5. Section 5:Concrete(5a Plain and Reinforced concrete, 5B prestressed concrete)
6. Section 6:Steel
7. Section 7:Prefabrication, systems building and Mixed/COmposite construction(7A prefabricated COncrete, 7B systems Building and Mixed/Composite construction)

This section contains the desiging part of the building of the building. It speaks of waht oads the building should resit and how the building should be designed. This group is used by structural Engineers/ Design Engineers. This group assures that the building will be stable, able to resist big deflections, can withsatnd heavy loads, and is prepared for large horizontal loads such as wind or earthquake. It is important that requirements by this group is followed in order to ensure the safety of the structure

Other groups of the code such as the following can also be essential to modelling.

C. Group 3: For constrution related aspects including safety

• This groups contains rules and requirements that allow safe construction

D. Group 4: For aspects relating to Building services

• This group contains the building requirement in order to assure that the purpose of the building is attained

E. Group 5: For Aspects Relating to plumbing services including solid waste management

• This group contains the building requirement That relates to water and sewage

3) List the five major steps that occur in project cycle . The steps should include from conceptualization of project to maintenance and final stage.

Ans:

Location/Siting

This step is where the site and location of the project is determined. the site and location of the project is important to acquire the parameters needed for design and architecture, the available materials, the concept of the design, and the purpose of the building.

conceptualization and planning:

Once the location of building is determined, it is now time to conceptualize the design. this includes the initial dimensions of the building, the height, the purpose, and other related aspects that is needed or will be required by the building such as load specifications, materials to uesd, and design approach.

designing and detailing;

When the building has its form, the loads are determined, and the approach is known, the designing of the building is done. this is where the specifics of the building is decided such as actual dimensions and materials of the building using a specific software and design methodology. design of the building includes the detailing. this is where the actual building comes to shape. the consturcton procedure, material, and dimensions are made into 2D drawings and 3D renders. this is used for consturction purposes and documentation.

construction/execution :

When the building design are finalized and the drawings are completed [some maybe still ongoing depending on the approach of the project], the construction team starts the construction proper. these includes the excavation, formworks, concrete/steel erection, and furnishing base on the design requirements and construction drawings provided.

maintenance and repair:

After the building is completed, maintainance should be scheduled. A building always have a design life no matter how string and stable the building is. so it is important to maintain this strength so as the building will not deteriorate in any way. certain unfortunate events may also occur so planning repair should be done when this things happen. the consturction of a building, no matter how perfect the planning may be, will always have some kind of minor inconveniences. this risks should be handled by assuring the maintainances of the building. maintainance also applies to certain aspects like sewage storage, water containers, interior design changes, and other requirement that the owner will need.

4) Give examples of different disciplines involved in construction of a project

Ans:

The different disciplines that works together to complete a project are the followings:

• Architect - decides the Architectectural aspects of the building like spancing, material, amd human factors.
• Civil Engineer - decides the integrity of the structure for consturction methodology and design aspects.
• structure Engineer - specilizes in the desugn of the building that assures the building's strength nad stability
• Electricel Engineer - specializeslighting, conduits, and electrical specification required in the building.
• plumbling Engineer - specializes in the water and sewage aspects in the building.
• Fire Protection Engineer - given the parameter required to protect the building from fire. thisincludes the fire escape and materials required for such locations.
• HVAC Engineer - decides the ventilation of the building.
• Environment Specialist - ensure thst the builging contruction and the building proper dose not affected by the environment in an ill manner and likewise, will not be affected by the environment in the same manner.
• Town Planner - this person is responsible for location and effect of the building within a given town.
• Urban Designer-this person is responsible for the location ans effect of the building within a given town
• Lanscape Architect- this person decides the outside criteria of the building
• Security system specialist - this person ensures the safety and security of the building
• Interior Designer- this person decides the lements located within the building which ensures the beauty inside the building
• Quantity Surveyor - this person ensure the quality as wellas the quantity of the materials used in the building during and after the construction period
• Project/construction manager- this person controls the flow of the construction from start to finish including mainatenance and repair
• Other subject specialist- this person specializes on feilds other than the one stated above. Some buildings require different people/ specialist depending on its purpose and requirement.

5) How are buildings classified ? Place the following buildings under each category

Ans:

Building shall be classified as Residential, Educational, Institutional, Assembly, Business, Mercantile, Industrial, Storage and Hazardous in Groups and sub-division as classified in part 4 "fire and life Safety"

a. Four unit apartments

---->Classified as Residential
b. School with capacity of 1000 students

----->Classified as Educational
c. A single unit shop.

------>Classified as Business
d. Multi story Shopping complex

------->Classified as Nercantile
e. Steel machine factory

------>Classified as Industrial

6) Distinguish the roles of Design team and Management team

Ans:

A.Design Team:

The design team is responsible for the buildings form, space planning aesthetics, fire and life safety, staructural adequecy,plumbing services,lightining and natural ventilation, electrical and allied instllation,air conditioning,heating and mechanical ventilation, accoustics, sound insulation and noise control, installations of lifts and escalators, building automation, data and voice communication, other utility service installation, lanscape planning and design,urban planning and other aspects that desigining and expertice and a certain person.

A design team of professionals from required shall be constituted at the appropriate stage. This team is dependent on the magnitude of the project and is responsible for o=its finalization.

B.Project Management and Construction Management Teams

The objectives of the management team is primarily to achieve accomplishment of the project in accordance with thr design and specifications in a stipulated time and cost framework, with a degree of assurance prior to commencement and satisfaction on accomplishment. They ensure the follow of the project in whatever the condition the project may come accross

It is important leaders and memebers of th management team are carefully selected considering their qualification, experience and expertise in these fields

7) Refer to NBC, Identify the modeling requirements for the project ( from week 4).

The general height limit of a building is covered in NBC group 1 Part 3 section 9
a. Height Limitations

b. Area Limitations

The general area limit of a building is covered in NBC group 1 Part 3 section 9

c. Room sizing d. Wall height

Specific height and area limits of certain locations can be checked under NBC group 1 PART 3 SECTION 12

Wll heights for parapets and boundry walls are as follows

e. Thickness based on fire life and safety

Minimumthickness of a building based on fire and is covered in NBC group 1 part 4 tables 2 to 9

f. Passageway requirements

The general passageway requirements of a building is covered in NBC group 1 part 3

Staircase and exit requirements shall be checked under NBC group1 part 3 12.18

8) We have identified requirements for modeling from question 7, Use these numbers from code book and verify the numbers used in modeling the unit from week 2 to week 4. If the numbers are not reasonable, use the numbers obtained from the code book to create a revision of the mode.

This model resembles the actual modeling requirements for Project 1 of course work

Ans:

a.Height limitations

General building height shall be 1.5x(road width+front open space)

Height of the structure at roof level=6m

Assumed front open space=5m

Assumed road width=5m

Height limit=1.5*(5+5)=15m

Height of structure =6m<15m therefore building height is within limit

b.Area Limitations

Residential building of type 1 construction falls under UL that states no limitations in for the area

Floor area of ground floor=18.5m x 6.2m=114.7m2

c. Room sizing/wall height

Ground floor wall height=3000mm-222mm=2778mm

Level 2 wall height=3000mm-57mm=2943mm

Minimum height according to part 3 section 12 of NBC=2.75m

Minimum modeled building room height=2.778m>2.75m: height requirements is achieved

For floor area

• Bedroom: 11m2>9.5m2 therefore requirement is achieved
• Living/Dining room: 18m2>9.5m2 therefore requirement is achieved
• kitchen is not separated from dining room
• Toilet: 3.0m2>1.8m2 therefore requirement is achieved
• Toilet width:1.25m>1.2m therefore requirement is achieved
• Storage room: 2m2<3m2 therefore requirement is not achieved

storage room space shall be incrreased according to the provision of the code

d.Stair requirements

Headroom

• Minimum width: 0.95m<1.0m therefore requirement is not achieved
• Minimum tread: 250mm=250mm therefore requirement is achieved
• Maximum riser:166.7mm therefore requirement is achieved
• Flight of stairs: 9=12 therefore requirement is achieved
• Headroom: 2.445m=2.2m therefore requirement is achieved

width of stairs shall be increased according to the provision of the code

3.Conclusion

The national building code is a set of standard concepts and specifications that allows the archite t/engineer to ensure the integrity and feasiability of his/her building. It also gives limitations that respects the norms,rules and regulations that should be followed under a ceratin location.