Fender Design - Wheel Arch Challenge

AIM:

To create a report on fender regulation and to calculate the wheel Arc area and prove whether the car will pass the standards or Not by Using the Europian Standards.

Fender:

A fender is the part of a car that protects and frames its wheels and keeps mud from splashing it. Most modern vehicles have fenders on their front wheels.It is the part of a car, truck or motorcycle that surrounds the wheel well. The primary function of a Fender is to prevent dirt and debris from being thrown into the air by the tire.

The fender is located over the wheels of the vehicle. As such, there are four fenders on a typical vehicle: front right, front left, rear right and rear left.

Types of fender

The type of fender is based upon the area covered i.e., full fender type and half fender type.

• Full fender type:

Full fender type is traditional type of fender where more material consumption is observed. This type is used in old design of automobiles where it increases the overall weight and thus reduces performance. The maintenance also relatively more due to more surface.

• Half fender type:

Half fender type is modern design where less material consumption is observed, so productivity increases by reducing size of blank and thus providing more performance. The maintenance also relatively low compared to full bumper type.

Japan Requirements for fender wheel arch:

• measure clearence L of tire , hub, cap & fender in three different positions within area K and produce clearance check chart to validate.
• clearance must be greater than 5mm in all the three positions.
• whell guard requirement: the value a shall be more than 5 mm at a line 30* forward and 50* rearward from the central vertical axis of axis of wheel.
• 
  • Make clearance check details on all positions from -100* to 100* & make the clearance check table.
  • all values should be greater than 5mm to satisfy the regulation.
• the value of 'a' shall be more than 5mm at a line 30* forward and 50* rearward from the central vertical axis of axis of wheel.

European regulation:

Measure CL L at section SA-SA SB-SB SC-SC SD-SD SE-SE and produce CL check chart to validate.

• at all five sections the CL L value should be greater than 10mm to satisfy the european regulations.

wheel guard requirement: the value of 'a' shall be more than 5mm at a line 30* forward and 50* rearward from the central vertical axis of axis of wheel.

Procedure:

• According to the european standards, the design fender and wheel arc should pass the wheel guard requirement procedures.
• To start the test, first create a plane with origin as center of the wheel plane.
• Then sketch using lines along with given dimensions as SA, SB,SC, SD and SE.

• After sketching the lines, use measurement or simple measurement option to calculate the clearance between sketch lines and wheel arc.
• The clearance between SA line and wheel arc is +10 mm also the line SA lies inside the fender so it is positive value.

• The clearance between SB line and wheel arc is +9.9489 mm also the line SB lies inside the fender so it is positive value.
• 

• The clearance between SC line and wheel arc is -0.113667 mm also the line SC lies outside the fender so it is negative value.

The clearance between SD line and wheel arc is -3.4207 mm also the line SD lies outside the fender so it is negative value.

The clearance between SE line and wheel arc is -7.1890 mm also the line SE lies outside the fender so it is negative value.

• To calculate the wheel arc area, use measure function to calculate the wheel arc length by changing the length option and click the wheel arc which is 1041.5129 mm.

• Then Measure the faces of wheel arc to calcualte area which is 24432.9334 mm^2.

TABULATION

Section	Calculated clearance (in mm)	Minimum clearance to pass (in mm)	Pass/Fail
SA	+10 mm	+10 mm	Pass
SB	+9.9489 mm	+10 mm	Pass
SC	-0.113667 mm	+10 mm	Fail
SD	-3.4207 mm	+10 mm	Fail
SE	-7.1890 mm	+10 mm	Fail

Conclusion:

• Negative sign indicates that the wheel arc is behind the wheel
• All the section don't have the clearance value at least 10mm, only SA and SB is seen to have value 10mm.
• Wheel arc area = 24432.9334 mm^2.

Therefore the wheel arch does not satisfy the requirements as per the European standards. So the styling team needs to work at the section of SC, SD, and SE. For safety purpose the wheel arc should be outside the wheel and the value greater than 10mm and the SD, SE part should come outside the wheel.