Fender Design - Wheel Arch Challenge

Objective:

To examine the given fender design to verify if the wheel arch of the fender meets the European Standards

Explanation:

When vehicle is moving tire pick up stones and others and hurt them in all direction. Fenders are basically present to prevent any pedestrians' injuries and constrain these particles' motion.

The wheel arch for every region is different ass every region has different regulations. Condition of road is one of the main factor in defining this regulations.

For this project of calculation of wheel arch area, I choose European regulations. To meet the European regulation requirement, all the five sections (SA, SB, SC, SD, SE) of wheel arch should be 10 mm outward than the wheel’s outward surface.

Abstract:

Fender is the part of a vehicle that surrounds the wheel. Apart from being the exterior aesthetic part of the vehicle, its important function is to prevent debris such as mud, gravel, rocks, fluids and other street particles from entering the engine compartment or being tossed into the air by the high-speed rotating wheel as this can cause damage to the engine components, nearby vehicles, or pedestrian nearby the moving vehicle.

Front Fender of an automobile

There are two types of fenders, full bumper type, and half bumper type.

Fender types

There are many factors that need to be considered during designing the fenders of the vehicle. One of them is the wheel arch area.

In a fender, the wheel arch is the semicircular part that is positioned above the wheel of the vehicle. While designing the fender care must be taken that the wheel arch of the fender meets the required standards.

Wheel arch area considerations in a fender design

In this report, we will study about:

1. Different standards of the front wheel arch area requirements.
1. Japanese Standards
2. European Standards
3. American Standards
2. Examining the given part considering the European Standards.
3. Checking whether the front fender wheel arch meets the standards.

1. Different standards of the wheel arch area requirements

Different countries follow different regulations based upon the country's road conditions, government regulations, geography, climate, and various other factors.

Therefore in our case, i.e. for the wheel arch area calculation, we will have a look at three different standards.

The main purpose of the wheel arch area regulation is that seeing the front fender and tire from the top, the tire must be inside the fender by a certain distance

1. Japanese Standards

Measure clearance L of the tire, hub, cap, and fender in three different positions within area K and produce a clearance check chart to validate.

Clearance must be greater than 5 mm in all the three positions (i.e., at A, B, C from fender curvature)

Wheel guard requirement: The value of 'a' shall be more than 5 mm at line 30* forward and 50* rearward from the central vertical axis of the wheel.

Japanese Standards

2. European Standards

Measure Clearance L at sections SA-SA, SB-SB, SC-SC, SD-SD, SE-SE and produce CL check chart to validate.

In all five sections, the Clearance L value should be greater than 10 mm to satisfy the European regulations.

Wheel guard requirement: The value of 'a' shall be more than 5 mm at line 30* forward and 50* rearward from the central vertical axis of the wheel.

European Standards

3. American Standards

Make clearance check details on all positions from -100* to 100* and make the clearance check table.

All values should be greater than 5 mm to satisfy the regulations.

The value of 'a shall be more than 5 mm at line 30* forward and 50* rearward from the central vertical axis of the wheel.

American Standards

2. Examining the given part considering the European Standards

We will examine the given fender design as per the European standards mentioned below

European Standards

3. We will start by constructing the points of measurement for the wheel arch area.

Next, we will note down the clearance values

SA Measurement :

SB Measurement :

SC Measurements :

SD Measurements :

SE Measurements :

The below chart shows the Actual value of clearance between tire and wheel arch/wheel well

Measurement of point	SA	SB	SC	SD	SE
Required length	10	10	10	10	10
Actual Length	9.8462	10	0.822109	2.1203	5.5217
Remark	FAIL	PASS	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL

Conclusion:

AS per European regulation requirements the clearance at a given point should be a minimum of 10mm, more than 10mm can be accepted but at only one point there is a 10mm clearance and at the other point clearance value is less than 10mm so the car will not pass the standards. the design of the fender needs to modify Out of the 5 lengths the front fender failed to meet requirements in 4 naming SA, SC, SD, and SE, and meet the requirement in only one length SB. So, the styling team should adjust the curve of the Wheel Arch to meet the requirement