Fender Design - Wheel Arch Challenge

Fender Design - Wheel Arch Report

Aim :- To calculate the wheel arch area and decide whether the car will pass the european standards or not.

The wheel arch is designed considering all possible motions the tire undergoes while the vehicle is in motion. The wheel arch also ensures stopping any debris that could possibly fly outside the wheel well and hit pedestrians.

Wheel Arch :-

• It is a curved part of the fender positioned right above the wheel .
• The wheel arch is designed such that it protects both the pedestrian and car cabin from mud,water rocks and other road spray.
• Different countries have different wheel arch regulations in place, and the wheel arch design has to comply with them to be deemed usable in that cuntry.
• For avoiding design alterations of the same vehicle to meet the different regulations in different countries, the maximum values of the concerned regulation parameters are taken into consideration for design purpose.
• It has some standard specifications.
• Wheel arch is the semicircular curve on the fender just above the wheel of the car.

Fender Wheel Arch Regulations :-

Japan Regulations

• The clearance of 'L' for tire, Hub, Cap and fender is to be measured within area K and create clearance check chart to validate.
• The value of L Should be greater than 5MM at all positions.
• wheel guard requirement, the value of 'a' should be more than 5mm at line 30deg forward and 50deg rearwards from the central vertical axis of the wheel.

European Regulations

• The clearance 'L' should be measured at sections SA-SA,SB-SB,SC-SC,SD-SD and SE-SE and clearance check chart to validate.
• At all the five sections the value of L should be greater than 10mm to satisfy the european regulations.
• Wheel guard requirement, the value of 'a' should be more than 5mm at line 30deg forward and 50deg rerwards from the central vertical axis of the wheel.

US Regulations

• Clearance 'L' is to be checked at all positions from -100deg to 100deg and creat clearance check chart to validate.
• The value of L should be greater than 5mm to satisfy the regulations.
• Wheel guard requirment,the value of 'a' should be more than 5mm at line 30deg forward 50deg rearwards from the central vertical axis of the wheel.

Calculation of wheel arch area according to european regulations

For calculation of clearance between wheel arch and wheel we have to create a sketch on the outer most face of the wheel.The procedure of which is given below.

• A Datum plane is created at the outermost face of the wheel
• The sketch is created on the new datum plane
• A horizontal line is drawn across the center of the wheel
• A perpendicular line SA is dropped at the centre of the wheel
• two lines SB and SC are created at 30deg forward of SA and 50deg rearward of SA respectively
• a point is created 150mm vertically above the center line
• A line SE is drawn from the wheel center and passes from the point created
• Another line SD is drawn from the center of the wheel and in the middle of lines SC and SE

Sketch

Obtaining the clearance L at the designated 5 points

The clearance distance 'L' is calculated at points SA-SA,SB-SB,SC-SC,SD-SD,and SE-SE which should be greater than or equal to 10mm

1. ) Clearance 'L' at SA-SA

L=9.95mm

2.) Clearance 'L' at SB-SB

L=10mm

3.) Clearance 'L' at SC-SC

L=0.000203mm

4.) Clearance 'L' at SD-SD

L=-0.962816mm

5.) Clearance 'L' at SA-SA

L=-6.0590mm

Observation table

Section	L(>10mm)	Result
SA-SA	9.95mm	Fail
SB-SB	10mm	Pass
SC-SC	0.00m	Fail
SD-SD	-9.96mm	Fail
SE-SE	-6.06mm	Fail

Measuring the clearance value 'a' for wheel guard requirement

1.) Clearance 'a' at 30deg line SB

a=43.36mm

2.) Clearance 'a' at 50deg line SC

a=38.25

Observation table

Section	a(>5mm)	Result
SB-SB	43.36mm	Pass
SC-SC	38.25mm	Pass

Conclusion:-

From the above results we can conclude that the fender does not pass the european regulations, as the minimum clearance L betwwen the fender wheel Arch and wheel for vehicle and pedestrain safety is 10mm and this design does not meet the requirement.