Benchmarking is the 1st step in the predesign and development process of vehicle development process. In simple words the term 'benchmarking' is a technical jargon for the word 'comparison'. Benchmarking process is broadly classified into two categories: Benchmarking-1 and Benchmarking-2. There are two stages which connect…

The bare metal surface of the vehicle body is first treated with Electrolyte Discharge (ED) process. In this process, the bare metal surface of the vehicle body is dipped into an electrolyte bath. The angle at which it is dipped is dependent on the area of the facility of OEM and the amount of time for which it is dipped…

Fender is the US English term for the part of an automobile that frames a wheel well. Its primary purpose is to prevent sand, mud, rocks, liquids, and other road material from being thrown into the air by rotating tyre. When the vehicle is moving, the tyre picks up stones and other materials and hurls them in all directions.…

The hood, also known as the bonnet is an opening body panel that covers the engine compartment in a front-engine vehicle. The hood is considered as another type of door in a vehicle as it consists of an outer panel and an inner panel. The inner panel acts as a reinforcement and provides strength to the hood while the outer…

Section modulus in simple terms refers to the strength of the component. It is a geometric property for a given cross-section that is used in the design of beams or flexural members. Its unit is cubic millimetres or cubic centimetres or cubic metres. It is defined by S=I/Y, where I- second or area moment of inertia…

Roof is the uppermost portion of a car. It provides covering to the vehicle from top and protects the occupants from rain, snow and sun rays. The roof section is tilted to provide more strength. The following figure shows the roof of a Toyota INNOVA CRYSTA.The inner panel of the roof constitutes of front and rear roof…

The back door, also known as the tail gate, provides closure to the vehicle at the rear side. It houses the boot where the luggage can be stored and encloses a rear windshield through which the driver can see towards the rear of the vehicle.Following figure shows back door of a Maruti Suzuki CELERIO.Generally, steel is…