Week 9 - FVM Literature Review

Objectives: We document our efforts of the following preprocessing steps carried out on a geometry of turbocharger. Clean the topology. Generate surface mesh Generate volume mesh. The specifcations of the element size for the surface meshing are as follows: Blade stage-1 = 1 mm Blade stage-2 = 1 mm Impeller = 2 mm Shaft…

Objective: The objective of this document is to record the process of surface meshing for a given geometry. Furthermore, we will record our observations of the effect of the meshing length size on the mesh's ability to capture the shape of the geometry. Section 1: Topology cleanup: Before meshing the geometry, we observe…

The objective of this report is to explore the following listed topics: Identify the effects of changing the discretization length in a example of single cylinder DI Engine provided by GT-Suite on simulation time and error in the simulation results  Understanding and documenting the process of using GEM 3D to create…

The objectives of the report are as follows: To summarise the details of the tutorial-9 in GT-Suite for gaining a deeper understanding on Fast Running Model (FRM) To use FRM builder to develop and simulate the parametric cases of turbocharged 6 cylinder diesel engine. Section 1: Exploration of Tutorial-9 of GT-Suite From…

The following report will try to achieve the following objectives: Briefly explain the working of TurboCharger. List different types of Turbochargers by providing examples from GT-Power Exploration of the tutorial examples 6 and 7 available through the GT-Suite application Describe the results of the tutorial case 7 in…

Aim: To do a basic calibration study of single cylinder CI - Engine. Objectives: Compare and note down differences of the SI vs CI engine.  Obseve the performance metrics such as the BSFC, Exhaust temperature and A/F ratios of the CI engine. Change the MFB 50 and observe impact of performance. Theory: The major differences…

Aim: To perform 1D CFD simulations for basic calibration of 1 cylinder SI Engine using GT-Suite Objectives: Provide brief introduction to SI Engine Carry out simulation and report performance metrics for 1800 RPM Improve the power output at 3600 rpm by 10% by changing several geometrical features and initial conditions…

1. Explore the GUI of GT SUITE and list down modules available with brief description. GT Suite is the CAE simulation tool which is packed with simulation librarlies and tool-kits aimed at a wide range of applications and industries. The scope of the engineering analysis includes prototype designing, detailed system and…

Aim: Simulate the flow over an FSAE car model with all the preprocessing (geometry cleanup, boundary flagging, generating the virtual wind tunnel) steps, setting up the simulation cases for the straight and "lot of turns" track and post-processing the simulation results using CONVERGE and Paraview. Objectives: Provide…

Aim: To model and simulate the flow around Ahmed body using a coarse mesh in Converge CFD and post-process the simulation results using Paraview. Objectives: Provide a brief introduction to the theory of flow over Ahmed body and calculations for Reynolds Number and wind tunnel dimensions Generate the STL file for the Ahmed…

Aim: To setup simulation over NACA 2412 airfoil and to carry out a systematic study of the effect of angle of attack and turbulence models on the drag and lift coefficients. Objectives: Provide a brief introduction on airfoil theory and provide formulaes for the quntification of lift and drag coefficients. Setup the geometry…

Aim: To derive the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations and provide a brief introduction on Reynolds stress terms and turbulent viscosity. Objectives: Brief introduction incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (continuity and momentum equations) Explaning the Reynolds Decomposition Deriving the RANS equations and explaining…

Aim: To simulate the shock tube problem to understand the concepts of regions and events in CONVERGE. Objectives: Setup the transient shock flow case using the CONVERGE Studio Simulate the shock tube problem  Postprocess the simulation results using Paraview and CONVERGE Studio Geometry: The geometry is a box of length…

Aim: Simulate conjugate heat transfer model of flow through a pipe. Objectives: Designing a duct with wall thickness using CONVERGE Studio. Setting up the conjugate heat transfer case using CONVERGE Studio. Carrying out a grid dependence study and selecting the appropriate mesh for the simulation. Documenting the effects…

Aim: To provide an overview of theoritical and computational details on shock wave in high speed compressible flows.  Simulate Prandtl Meyer Shock Problem and note the effects of sub grid scaling of the adapative mesh refinement on the flow and simulation parameters Objectives: Provide a high level introduction on…

Aim: To perform transient simulation of flow through an elbow pipe containing a moving throttle valve.   Objectives: Generating appropriate moving mesh for capturing the flow physics around the moving throttle valve by providing suitable boundary conditions, scaling for the mesh and embedded boudnary layers using…

Aim: To setup and run steady state simulation for flow of air in a elbow pipe containing a throttle body. Objectives: Generate mesh with suitable number of cells, appropriate scaling and embedded layers to accurately capture flow physics around the throttle in CONVERGE Studio  Setup a steady state case for simulating…

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Aim: To understand the effect of meshing step size on the simulation of backward facing step using CONVERGE. Governing Equations: The air flow in the backward facing step simulation is modelled by the compressible Navier-Stokes Equations which consists the continuity, momentum and energy conservations and the transport…

Aim: To understand the preprocessing, simulation, and post-processing workflow in CONVERGE by simulating flow through a channel. Governing Equations: For the simulation, we use the steady state, compressible Navier-Stokes equations to model the flow of the air and non-reacting convective diffusive equation to model the…

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Aim: To perform comprehensive CHT simulation studies on flow over graphics card. Objectives: Explain the geometry and provide suitable assumptions for the materials and power generation. Generate conformal meshes between the enclosure and the solid body of the graphics card. Simulate the flow problem for 3 inlet velocity…

Aim: To simulate Rayleigh Taylor Instability using Ansys Fluent Objectives: Brief introduction to Rayleigh-Taylor Instability and CFD models based on Rayleigh-Taylor waves. Defining Atwood number and calculating it for air-water and custom-fluid-water systems. Create geometry and generate conformal meshes for analysing…

Aim: Perform CHT Analysis on exhaust port using ANSYS Fluent. Objectives: Provide brief introduction on the usage, verification of Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis and its validation with experimental data. Prepare the geometry and generate a mesh for the simulation. Simulate and post-process results obtained from the…

Aim: To carry out grid independence study for flow over Ahmed body using ANSYS Fluent. Objectives: Provide brief historical and theoretical introduction on the flow physics over the Ahmed body (its importance in the automobiule industrial reseach). Carry out grid dependence study for the external flow simulation using…

Aim: Simulating the classical case of flow over a circular cylinder and observing the Karman vortex street phenomenon. Objectives: Brief introduction to theory of flow over cylinder. Generate the 2D surface with the circular cylinder. Mesh the 2D surface by using best practices for meshing circular geometry. Setup and…

Aim: Perform a comprehensive simulation study of the mixing-tee geometry using ANSYS Fluent. Objectives: Preparing the fluid domain from the mixing-tee CAD geometry. Generating mesh for the fluid domain and carrying out a mesh dependence study. Choosing the appropriate turbulence model by performing a comparison study…

PFI ENGINE Q1. What is the Compression ratio for the engine? The compression ratio is defined as the ratio between the cylinder and the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine at its maximum and the minimum volume Mathematically, it can be represented as follows `Compression\ ratio = {Vol_{B.D.C}}/{Vol_{T.D.C}}…

Aim: To perform close cycle simulations of CAT3410 engine with two different bowl profiles. To study the emissions characteristics of the aforementioned engines. Objectives: Generate the engine sector surfaces by using the 'open w' and 'omega' bowl profiles. Provide a brief theoritical introduction to Caterpillar Engine…

Aim: To simulate a full hydrodynamic simulation of a PFI Engine using CONVERGE. Objectives: A brief introduction to the motion of the IC engine and its performance metrics Setting the full hydrodynamic case using CONVERGE Studio Calculating the performance parameters for the simulated PFI Engine Post processing the simulation…

Aim: To setup and simulate a no-hydrodynamic case for the IC engine Objectives: Diagnose and repair the errors for preparing the surface from the imported STL file. Perform boundary flagging to setup the case. Provide the appropriate boundary conditions and run a no-hydro simulation. Geometry: In the current study,…

Aim: To derive the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations and provide a brief introduction on Reynolds stress terms and turbulent viscosity. Objectives: Brief introduction incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (continuity and momentum equations) Explaning the Reynolds Decomposition Deriving the RANS equations and explaining…

Aim: To simulate the shock tube problem to understand the concepts of regions and events in CONVERGE. Objectives: Setup the transient shock flow case using the CONVERGE Studio Simulate the shock tube problem  Postprocess the simulation results using Paraview and CONVERGE Studio Geometry: The geometry is a box of length…

Aim: Simulate conjugate heat transfer model of flow through a pipe. Objectives: Designing a duct with wall thickness using CONVERGE Studio. Setting up the conjugate heat transfer case using CONVERGE Studio. Carrying out a grid dependence study and selecting the appropriate mesh for the simulation. Documenting the effects…

Aim: To provide an overview of theoritical and computational details on shock wave in high speed compressible flows.  Simulate Prandtl Meyer Shock Problem and note the effects of sub grid scaling of the adapative mesh refinement on the flow and simulation parameters Objectives: Provide a high level introduction on…

Aim: To perform transient simulation of flow through an elbow pipe containing a moving throttle valve.   Objectives: Generating appropriate moving mesh for capturing the flow physics around the moving throttle valve by providing suitable boundary conditions, scaling for the mesh and embedded boudnary layers using…

Aim: To setup and run steady state simulation for flow of air in a elbow pipe containing a throttle body. Objectives: Generate mesh with suitable number of cells, appropriate scaling and embedded layers to accurately capture flow physics around the throttle in CONVERGE Studio  Setup a steady state case for simulating…

Aim: To understand the effect of meshing step size on the simulation of backward facing step using CONVERGE. Governing Equations: The air flow in the backward facing step simulation is modelled by the compressible Navier-Stokes Equations which consists the continuity, momentum and energy conservations and the transport…

Aim: To understand the preprocessing, simulation, and post-processing workflow in CONVERGE by simulating flow through a channel. Governing Equations: For the simulation, we use the steady state, compressible Navier-Stokes equations to model the flow of the air and non-reacting convective diffusive equation to model the…

Aim: To simulate flow in a pipe for Reynolds Number 2100 and validate the simulation results by comparing it with the theoritical formulas for Hagen-Poiseuille flow. Assumptions & Simplifications: The pipe flow is simulated just by considering a wedge to save computational resources. Instead of using wedge boundary…

Aim: Transient Simulation of the flow through the pipe at Reynolds Number 2100 and verification of the simulation results with the Hagen-Poiseuille flow. Assumptions & Simplifications: The reason for wedge shaped geometry simplification is as follows: Simulating fluid flow through a 3D pipe is a computational expensive…

Aim: Define Finite Volume Method, point out the significant difference between the Finite Volume Method (FVM) and Finite Difference Method (FDM) and desrcibe the need of interpolation and flux limiter schemes in FVM. Solution: Definition of Finite Volume Method: The Finite Volume Method is the integral form representation…

Aim: To simulate incompressible-laminar-viscous flow through backward facing step geometry using OpenFOAM and understand the effects of the simpleGrading on fluid properties Solution: The procedure to setup and simulate the current problem in OpenFOAM is as follows: Copy a tutorial case from $FOAM_TUTORIALS of transient,…

Aim: To simulate the isentropic flow through a quasi one-dimensional converging-diverging nozzle using the MacCormack's technique and comparing the steady state results with the exact solution. The MacCormack method can be used to solve both the conservative and non-conservative governing equations. We will implement both…

First, we design steady state solver for the two dimensional heat problem. The structure of the main_s.m MATLAB file is explained as follows: The tolerance value is set as given, provide flags for different solver techniques like Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel and define `alpha` as the weighing factor for the Successive over-relaxation.…

From the formula provided for determing the order of accuracy for central schemes, we can conclude that the size of the numerical stencil for the 4th order accurate central difference scheme for 2nd derivative is 5. The finite difference representation for the aformentioned scheme is as follows and let:      …