Mile per gallon & (WOT )Wide Open Throttle Part-2

OBJECTIVE-1 :

To find the difference between mapped and dynamic model of engine, motor and generator ?

Mapped model:	Dynamic model:
The mapped model works with the available mapped data (torque,speed, power) of the motor , generator and engine. Works with the lookup table data No Need of controllers Works faster than dynamic model Mapped model are suitable for analyse and design work	The dynamic model works with the dynamic input of datas (torque,speed,power) of the motor , generator and engine. works with the other individual subsystem model Need controllers Works slower than mapped model Dynamic models are suitable for designing,estimation and diagnosis

How can you change model type?

To change the model type

1. Open the model explorer
2. Select motor from the model hierarchie
3. Select the mapped /dynamic motor from the label mode active choice

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OBJECTIVE-2 :

To find how the model calculates miles per gallon?

MPG is used to indicate the fuel economy of the car , 10 MPG indicates the 10 miles range of the vehicle.

Formula for MPG =(distance covered /fuel used)

The diagram clearly shows the MPG calculation

1. The speed is taken as the positive value and integrated .
2. After integrating it becomes a distance .
3. The distance in meters is converted to miles .
4. On the other side the battery consumption power is taken and converted as kilowatt hour.
5. Again the power is converted as the gallon of fuel .
6. Then the gallon per second is converted to the gallon per hour.
7. Gallon is again converted for the meter cube
8. Then converted for the US gallon std.
9. Then by dividing the distance covered by the fuel used gives the miles per gallon .

Which factors are considered to model fuel flow ?

There are many factor that determines the fuel flow

1. Auxiliary systems like - AC, heating, steering assistant system etc.
2. Aerodynamics system like - Wind condition, open windows etc.
3. Weather conditions like - rain, snow etc.
4. Drivers behaviour like - eco ,power, turbo mode of driving.
5. Vehicle conditions like - tyre , engine ,motor etc.
6. Operating mass like - vehicle and payload mass.
7. Road surface like -grade, roughness etc .
8. Traffic conditions like - free or busy road.

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OBJECTIVE-3 :

To Run the HEV ReferenceApplication with WOT drive cycle & Change the grade and wind velocity in the environment block.

The above diagram shows the WOT for the HVE .The left image gives the result of without grade and wind velocity, the right image shows the result of with grade and wind velocity

TRACE VELOCITY , TARGET , ACTUAL :

1. Without grade & wind- In acceleration it traces within 20 s and reaches the required speed . The deceleration it reaches the target in 5 s
2. With grade and wind- In acceleration it traces but never reaches the target . In deceleration it reaches the target in a short span.

BATTERY CURRENT :

The battey limiting current is 500A so in both the cases the

1. Without grade & wind- In the acceleration time the at the max , at the constant speed region the current oscillate between +200A to -200A
2. With grade & wind- In the acceleration time the at the max , when vehicle reaches the certain speed the the the battery current is approximately +200A

BATTERY SOC :

1. Without grade & wind- In the acceleration time the SOC discharges from 80% - 68% and again recharge to 72%
2. With grade & wind- In the acceleration time the SOC discharges from 80% - 64% and again recharges to 68% and comparatively it takes 4% excess energy from the without grade & wind.

FUEL ECONOMY :

1. Without grade & wind- The vehicle have the fuel economy of 11
2. With grade & wind- The vehicle have the fuel economy of 1 , which is very low , it is 10 times lower than the old one

ENGINE , MOTOR , GENERATOR SPEED IN RPM :

1. Without grade & wind- At initial the vehicle has an oscillating motor speed of 800-400 rpm and later reaches a speed of 1100 rpm, and reduces gradually.and generator ,engine follows the same path below the motor.
2. With grade & wind-At initial the vehicle has an oscillating motor speed of 800-400 rpm and later the speed becomes constant of 600 rpm , also the generator engine follows the same path below the motor.

ENGINE , MOTOR , GENERATOR TORQUE IN Nm :

1. Without grade & wind- The motor torque oscillate at the initial stage after reaching the certain torque and speed the motor torque reduces and the engine starts with the motor and produces the torque in the positive direction.But the generator starts when the engine starts and produce the torque in the negative direction
2. With grade & wind-The motor torque oscillates at the initial stage becomes constant then the engine starts with the motor and produces the torque in the positive direction. But the generator starts when the engine starts and produce the torque in the negative direction

( REFER THE GRAPH FOR BETTER UNDERSTANDING )

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OBJECTIVE-4 :

To Keep all other parameters the same, compare the simulated results of hybrid and pure electric powertrains.

In this challenge to compare the simulation results of hybrid and pure electric powertrains the environmental parameters like grade and wind velocity are kept as 0 value.

TRACE VELOCITY , TARGET , ACTUAL :

1. The HEV & EV performs similarly to each other in the target tracing.
2. The HEV is likely more quicker in acceleration and deceleration of reaching the target than EV.

BATTERY CURRENT :

1. The HEV has 500A limiting current, EV has 200A limiting current.
2. The regenerative recharge current is higher for HEV than EV .
3. At constant speed the EV recharge current is constant and for HEV the recharge current is fluctuating

BATTERY SOC :

1. The EV battery discharges only 3% , while the HEV discharges 12% for reaching the same trace.
2. In the recharging EV recharges less than 1% while the HEV recharges for 4%

FUEL ECONOMY :

1. The average fuel economy for EV is between 30-35 , while the average fuel economy for HEV is between 7-8
2. The fuel economy for the HEV is very low

ENGINE , MOTOR , GENERATOR SPEED IN RPM :

1. At the initial stage of HEV the motor oscillates with the speed of 800-400 rpm and later reaches a speed of 1100 rpm, and reduces gradually.and generator ,engine follows the same path below the motor.
2. The EV smoothly increases the motor speed and reduces gradually

ENGINE , MOTOR , GENERATOR TORQUE IN Nm :

1. For the HEV the motor torque oscillate at the initial stage after reaching the certain torque and speed the motor torque reduces and the engine starts with the motor and produces the torque in the positive direction.But the generator starts when the engine starts and produce the torque in the negative direction
2. The EV gives the sudden torque and reduces gradually when the speed increases , and the torque goes negative in the regenerative action.

CONCLUSION :

After comparing the HEV with EV

i claim that EV have the more advantage than HEV like higher fuel economy, higher efficiency , instant torque pickup , no emission of co2,so2,etc

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Image files link

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1c2K6p6X2khwMI-fnBH0kJViOBQ_0rF61?usp=sharing