Sheet Metal Bending
Aim:
To perform sheet metal bending for 3 different materials mentioned with a variation of certain settings is also to be performed in ANSYS-WORKBENCH
Objectives:
Case 1: Aluminium Alloy 1199, Copper Alloy NL and Magnesium Alloy NL. Find out the Equivalent stress, Equivalent elastic strain and Total Deformation in Y direction and compare the results for the three materials.
Case 2: With the material as Aluminium Alloy, change the friction coefficient to 0.19 and run the analysis as mentioned in Case 1. Compare the results with that in case 1.
Case 3: Refine the mesh on the plate such that it doesn't cross the academic limit. With Aluminium alloy as material, run the analysis as in Case 1 and compare the results.
Procedure:
Initially we will do the case setup and since this is sheet metal bending we will providing displacement separately for the punch, sheet and die. The first displacement is given to the punch in negative Y direction according to our general coordinate system and the values for the displacement are given in tabular data format as shown in the image below.
The next displacement is given for the sheet to keep it in the same position when the punch moves down as tabular data with all the displacement as 0 mm as shown in the image below.
The final displacement is given for the die to keep it in the same position when the punch moves down on the sheet and these values are given as tabular data with all the displacement as 0 mm as shown in the image below.
The next step is provide a proper mesh for the model, in which we will refine the mesh where there are going to be contacts during the process of the sheet metal bending. The contact surfaces will be provided in the punch, die and the sheet for better results too.
After inputting these boundary conditions and meshing we will running the analysis for all the three different cases and the simulation of these three cases are discussed as follows.
Simulation:
Case 1:
Aluminium Alloy 1199:
Directional Deformation:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm] |
Maximum [mm] |
Average [mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
-0.1 |
8.18E-02 |
-3.18E-02 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
-0.2 |
0.16345 |
-6.37E-02 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
-0.35 |
0.28608 |
-0.11133 |
|
4 |
1 |
-0.5 |
0.39448 |
-0.15784 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
-0.7 |
0.52453 |
-0.21936 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
-0.90027 |
0.65146 |
-0.28064 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
-1.2032 |
0.8443 |
-0.37277 |
|
8 |
2 |
-1.5059 |
1.0361 |
-0.4652 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
-1.8085 |
1.2279 |
-0.55826 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
-2.1106 |
1.4144 |
-0.65183 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
-2.5638 |
1.6896 |
-0.79397 |
|
12 |
3 |
-3.0175 |
1.9547 |
-0.93863 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
-3.6223 |
2.29 |
-1.1369 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
-4.2285 |
2.5992 |
-1.3432 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
-5.1441 |
3.0149 |
-1.6717 |
|
16 |
4 |
-6.0675 |
3.3479 |
-2.0254 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
-6.6918 |
3.5088 |
-2.2767 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
-7.3054 |
3.6173 |
-2.5404 |
|
19 |
4.55 |
-7.7688 |
3.6648 |
-2.7462 |
|
20 |
4.7 |
-8.2291 |
3.682 |
-2.9586 |
|
21 |
4.925 |
-8.9217 |
3.6476 |
-3.2899 |
|
22 |
5 |
-9.1522 |
3.6205 |
-3.4035 |
|
23 |
5.2 |
-9.7894 |
3.5144 |
-3.717 |
|
24 |
5.4 |
-10.4 |
3.359 |
-4.0362 |
|
25 |
5.7 |
-11.317 |
3.0393 |
-4.532 |
|
26 |
5.805 |
-11.638 |
2.9044 |
-4.7099 |
|
27 |
5.91 |
-11.959 |
2.7589 |
-4.8896 |
|
28 |
6 |
-12.234 |
2.6258 |
-5.0451 |
|
29 |
6.2 |
-12.561 |
2.4714 |
-5.2246 |
|
30 |
6.4 |
-12.862 |
2.306 |
-5.3993 |
|
31 |
6.7 |
-13.319 |
2.0441 |
-5.6654 |
|
32 |
7 |
-13.777 |
1.7662 |
-5.9343 |
|
33 |
7.2 |
-13.461 |
1.9584 |
-5.752 |
|
34 |
7.4 |
-13.138 |
2.1476 |
-5.5694 |
|
35 |
7.7 |
-12.652 |
2.413 |
-5.2981 |
|
36 |
7.85 |
-12.412 |
2.5377 |
-5.1647 |
|
37 |
8 |
-12.261 |
2.61 |
-5.0633 |
|
38 |
8.2 |
-12.147 |
2.6299 |
-4.9375 |
|
39 |
8.4 |
-12.146 |
2.6302 |
-4.8511 |
|
40 |
8.6 |
-12.146 |
2.6309 |
-4.7647 |
|
41 |
8.9 |
-12.145 |
2.6313 |
-4.6353 |
|
42 |
9 |
-12.145 |
2.6314 |
-4.5921 |
|
43 |
9.2 |
-12.144 |
2.6315 |
-4.5058 |
|
44 |
9.4 |
-12.144 |
2.6315 |
-4.4196 |
|
45 |
9.7 |
-12.144 |
2.6315 |
-4.2904 |
|
46 |
10 |
-12.144 |
2.6315 |
-4.1612 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QMjw4Emdgiah0I_Sf-lLsPCLbYItYfQa/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Elastic Strain:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm/mm] |
Maximum [mm/mm] |
Average [mm/mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
1.79E-08 |
8.81E-04 |
2.17E-04 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
9.08E-08 |
1.76E-03 |
4.34E-04 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
8.75E-08 |
2.95E-03 |
7.37E-04 |
|
4 |
1 |
1.31E-07 |
2.94E-03 |
8.22E-04 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
1.65E-07 |
2.97E-03 |
8.48E-04 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
3.64E-07 |
2.96E-03 |
8.58E-04 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
1.85E-07 |
2.89E-03 |
8.70E-04 |
|
8 |
2 |
2.12E-07 |
2.91E-03 |
8.78E-04 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
2.24E-07 |
2.94E-03 |
8.87E-04 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
3.43E-07 |
2.98E-03 |
8.91E-04 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
5.66E-07 |
2.95E-03 |
9.02E-04 |
|
12 |
3 |
6.72E-07 |
2.87E-03 |
9.11E-04 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
4.05E-07 |
2.85E-03 |
9.26E-04 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
5.89E-07 |
2.91E-03 |
9.46E-04 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
3.75E-07 |
2.92E-03 |
9.80E-04 |
|
16 |
4 |
4.30E-07 |
2.93E-03 |
1.02E-03 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
9.01E-07 |
2.83E-03 |
1.05E-03 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
1.70E-06 |
3.06E-03 |
1.08E-03 |
|
19 |
4.55 |
1.63E-07 |
2.96E-03 |
1.11E-03 |
|
20 |
4.7 |
9.28E-07 |
2.90E-03 |
1.13E-03 |
|
21 |
4.925 |
5.90E-07 |
2.97E-03 |
1.17E-03 |
|
22 |
5 |
1.61E-06 |
2.85E-03 |
1.18E-03 |
|
23 |
5.2 |
2.31E-06 |
3.04E-03 |
1.22E-03 |
|
24 |
5.4 |
1.67E-06 |
2.80E-03 |
1.25E-03 |
|
25 |
5.7 |
2.16E-06 |
2.83E-03 |
1.31E-03 |
|
26 |
5.805 |
1.29E-06 |
2.90E-03 |
1.33E-03 |
|
27 |
5.91 |
1.02E-06 |
3.00E-03 |
1.35E-03 |
|
28 |
6 |
1.14E-06 |
2.95E-03 |
1.36E-03 |
|
29 |
6.2 |
2.62E-06 |
2.87E-03 |
1.38E-03 |
|
30 |
6.4 |
2.12E-06 |
2.95E-03 |
1.40E-03 |
|
31 |
6.7 |
2.37E-06 |
2.80E-03 |
1.43E-03 |
|
32 |
7 |
7.80E-07 |
2.84E-03 |
1.45E-03 |
|
33 |
7.2 |
7.37E-07 |
2.26E-03 |
1.19E-03 |
|
34 |
7.4 |
7.25E-07 |
2.05E-03 |
9.39E-04 |
|
35 |
7.7 |
7.03E-07 |
1.79E-03 |
5.83E-04 |
|
36 |
7.85 |
3.44E-07 |
1.66E-03 |
4.48E-04 |
|
37 |
8 |
3.61E-07 |
1.59E-03 |
3.98E-04 |
|
38 |
8.2 |
2.74E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
|
39 |
8.4 |
2.02E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
|
40 |
8.6 |
2.06E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
|
41 |
8.9 |
2.00E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
|
42 |
9 |
2.01E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
|
43 |
9.2 |
1.96E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
|
44 |
9.4 |
1.97E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
|
45 |
9.7 |
1.97E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
|
46 |
10 |
1.97E-07 |
1.53E-03 |
3.82E-04 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1w2qC9nmGrghIOiKQ6d2DpvS59ODOzjBF/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Stress:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [MPa] |
Maximum [MPa] |
Average [MPa] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
1.38E-04 |
54.643 |
11.129 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
2.71E-03 |
109.37 |
22.217 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
1.38E-03 |
182.84 |
37.153 |
|
4 |
1 |
3.76E-03 |
182.17 |
40.217 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
3.54E-03 |
183.37 |
40.949 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
5.05E-03 |
182.89 |
41.139 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
7.24E-03 |
178 |
41.451 |
|
8 |
2 |
4.41E-03 |
180.1 |
41.601 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
3.40E-03 |
181.66 |
41.865 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
8.18E-03 |
184.46 |
41.954 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
1.29E-02 |
181.58 |
42.278 |
|
12 |
3 |
1.73E-02 |
173.72 |
42.573 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
1.03E-02 |
175.5 |
43.1 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
8.94E-03 |
179.83 |
43.854 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
1.48E-02 |
179.33 |
45.089 |
|
16 |
4 |
5.35E-03 |
179.22 |
46.632 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
2.20E-02 |
175.15 |
47.906 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
3.86E-02 |
188.89 |
49.22 |
|
19 |
4.55 |
9.06E-03 |
182.47 |
50.139 |
|
20 |
4.7 |
4.43E-02 |
178.72 |
51.285 |
|
21 |
4.925 |
1.74E-02 |
184.07 |
52.798 |
|
22 |
5 |
5.11E-02 |
173.5 |
53.306 |
|
23 |
5.2 |
6.31E-02 |
187.72 |
54.983 |
|
24 |
5.4 |
1.04E-02 |
172.93 |
55.96 |
|
25 |
5.7 |
5.24E-02 |
175.18 |
58.503 |
|
26 |
5.805 |
2.17E-02 |
179.33 |
59.323 |
|
27 |
5.91 |
4.70E-02 |
185.03 |
60.197 |
|
28 |
6 |
6.47E-02 |
182.1 |
60.886 |
|
29 |
6.2 |
3.88E-02 |
176.76 |
61.906 |
|
30 |
6.4 |
4.80E-02 |
181.79 |
62.444 |
|
31 |
6.7 |
5.37E-02 |
172.79 |
63.691 |
|
32 |
7 |
2.28E-02 |
175.53 |
64.585 |
|
33 |
7.2 |
2.38E-02 |
138.64 |
51.793 |
|
34 |
7.4 |
1.84E-02 |
114.48 |
39.556 |
|
35 |
7.7 |
1.65E-02 |
74.12 |
21.678 |
|
36 |
7.85 |
1.09E-02 |
56.819 |
13.888 |
|
37 |
8 |
1.14E-02 |
49.718 |
10.409 |
|
38 |
8.2 |
8.64E-03 |
57.096 |
9.2344 |
|
39 |
8.4 |
6.59E-03 |
57.174 |
9.2416 |
|
40 |
8.6 |
6.97E-03 |
57.234 |
9.2493 |
|
41 |
8.9 |
6.40E-03 |
57.287 |
9.2486 |
|
42 |
9 |
5.87E-03 |
57.309 |
9.25 |
|
43 |
9.2 |
5.31E-03 |
57.356 |
9.2528 |
|
44 |
9.4 |
5.29E-03 |
57.357 |
9.2529 |
|
45 |
9.7 |
5.31E-03 |
57.356 |
9.2528 |
|
46 |
10 |
5.31E-03 |
57.356 |
9.2528 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Q9xgmJTmbZyFAb2S_KaiMi_AxbQamfG1/view?usp=sharing
Copper Alloy NL:
Directional Deformation:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm] |
Maximum [mm] |
Average [mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
-0.1 |
8.03E-02 |
-3.19E-02 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
-0.2 |
0.16003 |
-6.41E-02 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
-0.35 |
0.28329 |
-0.11185 |
|
4 |
1 |
-0.5 |
0.39829 |
-0.15853 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
-0.7 |
0.5323 |
-0.2203 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
-0.9 |
0.66085 |
-0.2817 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
-1.2 |
0.85666 |
-0.37397 |
|
8 |
2 |
-1.5013 |
1.0516 |
-0.46662 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
-1.8036 |
1.2475 |
-0.56001 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
-2.1051 |
1.4377 |
-0.65383 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
-2.5579 |
1.7198 |
-0.79648 |
|
12 |
3 |
-3.0107 |
1.9916 |
-0.94183 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
-3.6145 |
2.3354 |
-1.1411 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
-4.2175 |
2.6437 |
-1.3472 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
-5.1227 |
3.0511 |
-1.6744 |
|
16 |
4 |
-6.0288 |
3.3772 |
-2.0267 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
-6.6357 |
3.5364 |
-2.2761 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
-7.2435 |
3.6369 |
-2.5382 |
|
19 |
4.7 |
-8.1544 |
3.6943 |
-2.9538 |
|
20 |
4.805 |
-8.4728 |
3.6855 |
-3.1055 |
|
21 |
4.91 |
-8.7916 |
3.6594 |
-3.2604 |
|
22 |
5 |
-9.0649 |
3.6266 |
-3.3955 |
|
23 |
5.2 |
-9.6774 |
3.5158 |
-3.7042 |
|
24 |
5.4 |
-10.283 |
3.3542 |
-4.0214 |
|
25 |
5.7 |
-11.192 |
3.0278 |
-4.5146 |
|
26 |
6 |
-12.101 |
2.6087 |
-5.0244 |
|
27 |
6.2 |
-12.416 |
2.4526 |
-5.2001 |
|
28 |
6.4 |
-12.717 |
2.2852 |
-5.3744 |
|
29 |
6.7 |
-13.171 |
2.021 |
-5.6389 |
|
30 |
7 |
-13.625 |
1.738 |
-5.9053 |
|
31 |
7.2 |
-13.312 |
1.9312 |
-5.7255 |
|
32 |
7.4 |
-12.998 |
2.1162 |
-5.5463 |
|
33 |
7.7 |
-12.528 |
2.3784 |
-5.2806 |
|
34 |
8 |
-12.062 |
2.6194 |
-5.0199 |
|
35 |
8.2 |
-11.663 |
2.8165 |
-4.9035 |
|
36 |
8.4 |
-11.661 |
2.7943 |
-4.8986 |
|
37 |
8.7 |
-11.663 |
2.8021 |
-4.91 |
|
38 |
9 |
-11.66 |
2.7568 |
-4.9309 |
|
39 |
9.2 |
-11.663 |
2.7838 |
-5.0006 |
|
40 |
9.4 |
-11.663 |
2.7838 |
-4.9947 |
|
41 |
9.7 |
-11.663 |
2.7838 |
-5.0072 |
|
42 |
10 |
-11.663 |
2.7838 |
-5.0272 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YDgy9VCMDKzHo-1rFYs6vEddB6V80OTv/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Elastic Strain:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm/mm] |
Maximum [mm/mm] |
Average [mm/mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
1.98E-08 |
8.74E-04 |
2.16E-04 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
7.92E-08 |
1.75E-03 |
4.30E-04 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
1.13E-07 |
2.98E-03 |
7.54E-04 |
|
4 |
1 |
1.07E-07 |
3.25E-03 |
9.08E-04 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
2.81E-07 |
3.33E-03 |
9.58E-04 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
4.05E-07 |
3.38E-03 |
9.75E-04 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
2.45E-07 |
3.30E-03 |
9.97E-04 |
|
8 |
2 |
2.08E-07 |
3.25E-03 |
1.01E-03 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
2.62E-07 |
3.41E-03 |
1.03E-03 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
2.23E-07 |
3.18E-03 |
1.04E-03 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
2.55E-07 |
3.32E-03 |
1.06E-03 |
|
12 |
3 |
3.26E-07 |
3.30E-03 |
1.08E-03 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
6.34E-07 |
3.21E-03 |
1.10E-03 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
1.02E-06 |
3.34E-03 |
1.13E-03 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
3.20E-07 |
3.39E-03 |
1.17E-03 |
|
16 |
4 |
3.10E-07 |
3.43E-03 |
1.23E-03 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
6.39E-07 |
3.54E-03 |
1.27E-03 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
1.52E-06 |
3.46E-03 |
1.30E-03 |
|
19 |
4.7 |
4.30E-07 |
3.47E-03 |
1.36E-03 |
|
20 |
4.805 |
1.04E-06 |
3.48E-03 |
1.39E-03 |
|
21 |
4.91 |
1.36E-06 |
3.48E-03 |
1.40E-03 |
|
22 |
5 |
4.61E-07 |
3.48E-03 |
1.43E-03 |
|
23 |
5.2 |
6.09E-07 |
3.49E-03 |
1.47E-03 |
|
24 |
5.4 |
1.03E-06 |
3.48E-03 |
1.51E-03 |
|
25 |
5.7 |
1.24E-06 |
3.48E-03 |
1.58E-03 |
|
26 |
6 |
1.80E-06 |
3.48E-03 |
1.64E-03 |
|
27 |
6.2 |
1.26E-06 |
3.49E-03 |
1.67E-03 |
|
28 |
6.4 |
1.34E-06 |
3.47E-03 |
1.69E-03 |
|
29 |
6.7 |
1.37E-06 |
3.46E-03 |
1.72E-03 |
|
30 |
7 |
3.52E-07 |
3.46E-03 |
1.70E-03 |
|
31 |
7.2 |
4.07E-07 |
3.01E-03 |
1.49E-03 |
|
32 |
7.4 |
1.01E-06 |
2.59E-03 |
1.25E-03 |
|
33 |
7.7 |
2.11E-06 |
2.21E-03 |
8.89E-04 |
|
34 |
8 |
7.21E-07 |
1.94E-03 |
5.69E-04 |
|
35 |
8.2 |
4.61E-07 |
1.71E-03 |
4.45E-04 |
|
36 |
8.4 |
3.38E-05 |
1.70E-03 |
4.96E-04 |
|
37 |
8.7 |
3.90E-07 |
1.71E-03 |
4.45E-04 |
|
38 |
9 |
2.23E-06 |
1.70E-03 |
4.63E-04 |
|
39 |
9.2 |
4.61E-07 |
1.71E-03 |
4.45E-04 |
|
40 |
9.4 |
4.61E-07 |
1.71E-03 |
4.45E-04 |
|
41 |
9.7 |
4.61E-07 |
1.71E-03 |
4.45E-04 |
|
42 |
10 |
4.61E-07 |
1.71E-03 |
4.45E-04 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GutDYfy2A6G7OtuqIN-rbQpwKxdYaxgG/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Stress:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [MPa] |
Maximum [MPa] |
Average [MPa] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
6.68E-04 |
96.158 |
19.601 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
3.51E-03 |
192.95 |
39.099 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
6.11E-03 |
328.03 |
68.238 |
|
4 |
1 |
4.84E-03 |
356.56 |
79.488 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
1.17E-02 |
365.17 |
82.32 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
1.72E-02 |
370.47 |
83.105 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
6.07E-03 |
361.7 |
84.209 |
|
8 |
2 |
1.27E-02 |
355.67 |
84.935 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
1.05E-02 |
373.27 |
86.161 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
4.39E-03 |
350.16 |
86.593 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
1.67E-02 |
363.65 |
88.085 |
|
12 |
3 |
1.36E-02 |
361.86 |
89.134 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
1.99E-02 |
351.85 |
90.529 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
4.78E-02 |
365.08 |
92.575 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
1.56E-02 |
371.22 |
95.666 |
|
16 |
4 |
1.41E-02 |
374.47 |
99.389 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
1.52E-02 |
387.35 |
102.31 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
7.71E-02 |
377.57 |
105.01 |
|
19 |
4.7 |
3.51E-02 |
378.5 |
109.51 |
|
20 |
4.805 |
6.29E-02 |
378.61 |
111.33 |
|
21 |
4.91 |
5.31E-02 |
378.73 |
112.4 |
|
22 |
5 |
4.58E-02 |
378.85 |
114.18 |
|
23 |
5.2 |
5.23E-02 |
379.84 |
117.61 |
|
24 |
5.4 |
8.78E-02 |
378.13 |
120.87 |
|
25 |
5.7 |
4.68E-02 |
378.68 |
125.88 |
|
26 |
6 |
7.06E-02 |
379.27 |
130.75 |
|
27 |
6.2 |
9.74E-02 |
380.72 |
132.96 |
|
28 |
6.4 |
3.86E-02 |
378.01 |
134.71 |
|
29 |
6.7 |
4.87E-02 |
378.7 |
137.13 |
|
30 |
7 |
1.24E-02 |
379.56 |
134.64 |
|
31 |
7.2 |
1.53E-02 |
329.67 |
116.41 |
|
32 |
7.4 |
6.19E-02 |
282.28 |
95.431 |
|
33 |
7.7 |
2.30E-02 |
206.48 |
64.08 |
|
34 |
8 |
1.52E-02 |
136.38 |
34.49 |
|
35 |
8.2 |
2.76E-02 |
114.87 |
19.515 |
|
36 |
8.4 |
2.1863 |
120.26 |
25.173 |
|
37 |
8.7 |
2.12E-02 |
114.94 |
19.518 |
|
38 |
9 |
0.18979 |
120.56 |
21.197 |
|
39 |
9.2 |
2.76E-02 |
114.87 |
19.515 |
|
40 |
9.4 |
2.76E-02 |
114.87 |
19.515 |
|
41 |
9.7 |
2.76E-02 |
114.87 |
19.515 |
|
42 |
10 |
2.76E-02 |
114.87 |
19.515 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TNnIcdSq7GB4zhlM5CrNu42o-i_vHNYL/view?usp=sharing
Magnesium Alloy NL:
Directional Deformation:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm] |
Maximum [mm] |
Average [mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
-0.1 |
8.19E-02 |
-3.18E-02 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
-0.2 |
0.16362 |
-6.37E-02 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
-0.35 |
0.28868 |
-0.11136 |
|
4 |
1 |
-0.5 |
0.41858 |
-0.15845 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
-0.7 |
0.58164 |
-0.22075 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
-0.9 |
0.72391 |
-0.28245 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
-1.2 |
0.92819 |
-0.37473 |
|
8 |
2 |
-1.5 |
1.126 |
-0.46734 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
-1.801 |
1.3253 |
-0.56065 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
-2.1022 |
1.5161 |
-0.6544 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
-2.5549 |
1.7998 |
-0.79706 |
|
12 |
3 |
-3.0075 |
2.0736 |
-0.94247 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
-3.6112 |
2.4197 |
-1.142 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
-4.2141 |
2.7278 |
-1.3484 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
-5.1186 |
3.1302 |
-1.6757 |
|
16 |
4 |
-6.0229 |
3.4435 |
-2.0274 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
-6.6263 |
3.6 |
-2.277 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
-7.2315 |
3.695 |
-2.5387 |
|
19 |
4.7 |
-8.1399 |
3.7447 |
-2.954 |
|
20 |
5 |
-9.0473 |
3.6704 |
-3.3958 |
|
21 |
5.2 |
-9.6556 |
3.5562 |
-3.7041 |
|
22 |
5.4 |
-10.26 |
3.3906 |
-4.0212 |
|
23 |
5.7 |
-11.167 |
3.0571 |
-4.5142 |
|
24 |
6 |
-12.074 |
2.6325 |
-5.0241 |
|
25 |
6.2 |
-12.384 |
2.4731 |
-5.1988 |
|
26 |
6.4 |
-12.685 |
2.3044 |
-5.373 |
|
27 |
6.7 |
-13.139 |
2.0369 |
-5.6373 |
|
28 |
7 |
-13.599 |
1.7334 |
-5.9008 |
|
29 |
7.2 |
-13.281 |
1.9465 |
-5.7229 |
|
30 |
7.4 |
-12.97 |
2.1322 |
-5.5445 |
|
31 |
7.7 |
-12.504 |
2.3947 |
-5.28 |
|
32 |
8 |
-12.042 |
2.6345 |
-5.0201 |
|
33 |
8.2 |
-11.631 |
2.6616 |
-4.9262 |
|
34 |
8.4 |
-11.307 |
2.6303 |
-4.8725 |
|
35 |
8.4224 |
-11.434 |
2.7261 |
-4.8693 |
|
36 |
8.4376 |
-11.428 |
2.7307 |
-4.8693 |
|
37 |
8.4527 |
-11.402 |
2.7337 |
-4.8602 |
|
38 |
8.4614 |
-11.378 |
2.7385 |
-4.852 |
|
39 |
8.4702 |
-11.355 |
2.7496 |
-4.8443 |
|
40 |
8.474 |
-11.345 |
2.7572 |
-4.841 |
|
41 |
8.4777 |
-11.335 |
2.7603 |
-4.8379 |
|
42 |
8.4834 |
-11.321 |
2.7658 |
-4.8334 |
|
43 |
8.4886 |
-11.308 |
2.7691 |
-4.8294 |
|
44 |
8.4939 |
-11.296 |
2.7753 |
-4.8256 |
|
45 |
8.5017 |
-11.279 |
2.7814 |
-4.8202 |
|
46 |
8.5135 |
-11.254 |
2.7805 |
-4.8126 |
|
47 |
8.5312 |
-11.222 |
2.7884 |
-4.8034 |
|
48 |
8.5351 |
-11.216 |
2.791 |
-4.8014 |
|
49 |
8.5389 |
-11.209 |
2.7959 |
-4.7993 |
|
50 |
8.5447 |
-11.2 |
2.7944 |
-4.7967 |
|
51 |
8.5533 |
-11.187 |
2.7933 |
-4.7933 |
|
52 |
8.5663 |
-11.171 |
2.7907 |
-4.789 |
|
53 |
8.5747 |
-11.161 |
2.7894 |
-4.7865 |
|
54 |
8.583 |
-11.151 |
2.7918 |
-4.7834 |
|
55 |
8.5956 |
-11.141 |
2.7758 |
-4.7818 |
|
56 |
8.6007 |
-11.136 |
2.7813 |
-4.7804 |
|
57 |
8.6058 |
-11.131 |
2.783 |
-4.779 |
|
58 |
8.6135 |
-11.124 |
2.7824 |
-4.7773 |
|
59 |
8.625 |
-11.114 |
2.7813 |
-4.7751 |
|
60 |
8.6422 |
-11.101 |
2.7786 |
-4.7726 |
|
61 |
8.6681 |
-11.087 |
2.7734 |
-4.7707 |
|
62 |
8.7069 |
-11.076 |
2.76 |
-4.7714 |
|
63 |
8.7651 |
-11.071 |
2.746 |
-4.7758 |
|
64 |
8.8524 |
-11.071 |
2.7443 |
-4.7811 |
|
65 |
8.9262 |
-11.071 |
2.7441 |
-4.7859 |
|
66 |
9 |
-11.071 |
2.7441 |
-4.7909 |
|
67 |
9.2 |
-11.07 |
2.7444 |
-4.8752 |
|
68 |
9.4 |
-11.07 |
2.7444 |
-4.8652 |
|
69 |
9.7 |
-11.07 |
2.7444 |
-4.8738 |
|
70 |
10 |
-11.07 |
2.7444 |
-4.8915 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QP9Zy68laSAo_l0o-39tB95NX7EGTPFt/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Elastic Strain:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm/mm] |
Maximum [mm/mm] |
Average [mm/mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
1.66E-08 |
8.93E-04 |
2.20E-04 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
9.43E-08 |
1.79E-03 |
4.39E-04 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
1.33E-07 |
3.15E-03 |
7.71E-04 |
|
4 |
1 |
1.74E-07 |
4.54E-03 |
1.11E-03 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
1.50E-07 |
5.55E-03 |
1.46E-03 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
1.49E-07 |
5.56E-03 |
1.54E-03 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
3.72E-07 |
5.63E-03 |
1.62E-03 |
|
8 |
2 |
2.89E-07 |
5.47E-03 |
1.66E-03 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
5.84E-07 |
5.76E-03 |
1.70E-03 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
3.94E-07 |
5.62E-03 |
1.72E-03 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
1.01E-07 |
5.42E-03 |
1.76E-03 |
|
12 |
3 |
3.12E-07 |
5.65E-03 |
1.80E-03 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
3.74E-07 |
5.45E-03 |
1.85E-03 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
1.09E-06 |
5.63E-03 |
1.89E-03 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
9.68E-07 |
5.84E-03 |
1.97E-03 |
|
16 |
4 |
2.54E-07 |
5.94E-03 |
2.05E-03 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
4.62E-07 |
5.97E-03 |
2.13E-03 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
4.12E-07 |
6.00E-03 |
2.19E-03 |
|
19 |
4.7 |
8.99E-07 |
6.02E-03 |
2.29E-03 |
|
20 |
5 |
1.03E-06 |
6.03E-03 |
2.40E-03 |
|
21 |
5.2 |
1.76E-06 |
6.04E-03 |
2.47E-03 |
|
22 |
5.4 |
2.40E-06 |
6.04E-03 |
2.55E-03 |
|
23 |
5.7 |
1.33E-06 |
6.04E-03 |
2.66E-03 |
|
24 |
6 |
2.78E-06 |
6.05E-03 |
2.77E-03 |
|
25 |
6.2 |
7.17E-07 |
6.06E-03 |
2.81E-03 |
|
26 |
6.4 |
1.01E-06 |
6.04E-03 |
2.84E-03 |
|
27 |
6.7 |
8.49E-07 |
6.04E-03 |
2.89E-03 |
|
28 |
7 |
4.50E-07 |
6.05E-03 |
2.55E-03 |
|
29 |
7.2 |
1.66E-06 |
5.36E-03 |
2.55E-03 |
|
30 |
7.4 |
7.57E-07 |
4.86E-03 |
2.31E-03 |
|
31 |
7.7 |
1.03E-06 |
4.15E-03 |
1.94E-03 |
|
32 |
8 |
1.48E-06 |
3.78E-03 |
1.55E-03 |
|
33 |
8.2 |
1.24E-06 |
3.32E-03 |
9.81E-04 |
|
34 |
8.4 |
7.22E-05 |
6.21E-03 |
3.15E-03 |
|
35 |
8.4224 |
2.34E-05 |
4.41E-03 |
1.05E-03 |
|
36 |
8.4376 |
2.43E-05 |
5.63E-03 |
1.02E-03 |
|
37 |
8.4527 |
1.61E-05 |
5.34E-03 |
9.97E-04 |
|
38 |
8.4614 |
1.37E-05 |
6.27E-03 |
1.00E-03 |
|
39 |
8.4702 |
1.07E-05 |
4.58E-03 |
9.51E-04 |
|
40 |
8.474 |
1.39E-05 |
5.48E-03 |
9.55E-04 |
|
41 |
8.4777 |
1.40E-05 |
5.76E-03 |
9.54E-04 |
|
42 |
8.4834 |
1.41E-05 |
5.32E-03 |
9.44E-04 |
|
43 |
8.4886 |
1.21E-05 |
5.49E-03 |
9.38E-04 |
|
44 |
8.4939 |
1.03E-05 |
6.18E-03 |
9.41E-04 |
|
45 |
8.5017 |
1.27E-05 |
6.41E-03 |
9.38E-04 |
|
46 |
8.5135 |
9.62E-06 |
6.97E-03 |
9.35E-04 |
|
47 |
8.5312 |
1.51E-05 |
5.99E-03 |
9.13E-04 |
|
48 |
8.5351 |
1.35E-05 |
5.83E-03 |
9.08E-04 |
|
49 |
8.5389 |
1.07E-05 |
6.95E-03 |
9.21E-04 |
|
50 |
8.5447 |
1.25E-05 |
7.05E-03 |
9.13E-04 |
|
51 |
8.5533 |
1.55E-05 |
7.95E-03 |
9.27E-04 |
|
52 |
8.5663 |
9.33E-06 |
8.59E-03 |
9.31E-04 |
|
53 |
8.5747 |
1.54E-05 |
1.04E-02 |
9.42E-04 |
|
54 |
8.583 |
4.64E-06 |
1.10E-02 |
9.36E-04 |
|
55 |
8.5956 |
5.85E-06 |
1.21E-02 |
9.26E-04 |
|
56 |
8.6007 |
5.30E-06 |
6.76E-03 |
9.09E-04 |
|
57 |
8.6058 |
4.59E-06 |
6.63E-03 |
9.08E-04 |
|
58 |
8.6135 |
4.81E-06 |
6.68E-03 |
9.07E-04 |
|
59 |
8.625 |
4.65E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.05E-04 |
|
60 |
8.6422 |
3.76E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.03E-04 |
|
61 |
8.6681 |
4.82E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.01E-04 |
|
62 |
8.7069 |
4.98E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.01E-04 |
|
63 |
8.7651 |
5.10E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.01E-04 |
|
64 |
8.8524 |
5.10E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.02E-04 |
|
65 |
8.9262 |
5.10E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.02E-04 |
|
66 |
9 |
5.10E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.02E-04 |
|
67 |
9.2 |
5.10E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.02E-04 |
|
68 |
9.4 |
5.10E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.02E-04 |
|
69 |
9.7 |
5.10E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.02E-04 |
|
70 |
10 |
5.10E-06 |
6.70E-03 |
9.02E-04 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/18S6225W1QG67xSD7Obdal6uu3DUWEtKy/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Stress:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [MPa] |
Maximum [MPa] |
Average [MPa] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
8.68E-05 |
40.161 |
8.172 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
1.80E-03 |
80.365 |
16.318 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
2.85E-03 |
141.61 |
28.661 |
|
4 |
1 |
2.98E-03 |
204.38 |
41.301 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
7.83E-04 |
249.34 |
53.005 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
1.92E-03 |
250 |
54.908 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
6.42E-03 |
252.67 |
56.822 |
|
8 |
2 |
8.91E-03 |
245 |
57.719 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
4.26E-03 |
258.81 |
58.937 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
1.01E-02 |
252.11 |
59.267 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
2.60E-03 |
243.69 |
60.222 |
|
12 |
3 |
3.40E-03 |
253.41 |
61.324 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
5.39E-03 |
244.53 |
62.593 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
1.90E-02 |
252.7 |
63.708 |
|
15 |
3.7 |
1.10E-02 |
261.59 |
66.045 |
|
16 |
4 |
8.64E-03 |
265.65 |
68.549 |
|
17 |
4.2 |
1.37E-02 |
266.66 |
70.891 |
|
18 |
4.4 |
8.78E-03 |
267.68 |
72.685 |
|
19 |
4.7 |
7.97E-03 |
268.43 |
75.906 |
|
20 |
5 |
2.28E-02 |
268.58 |
79.208 |
|
21 |
5.2 |
3.95E-02 |
269.11 |
81.301 |
|
22 |
5.4 |
6.98E-02 |
268.95 |
83.805 |
|
23 |
5.7 |
2.40E-02 |
269.12 |
87.397 |
|
24 |
6 |
3.95E-02 |
269.46 |
90.953 |
|
25 |
6.2 |
1.76E-02 |
269.9 |
92.17 |
|
26 |
6.4 |
1.64E-02 |
269.67 |
93.246 |
|
27 |
6.7 |
3.33E-02 |
270.02 |
94.674 |
|
28 |
7 |
1.66E-02 |
270.42 |
82.58 |
|
29 |
7.2 |
1.50E-02 |
238.71 |
82.67 |
|
30 |
7.4 |
1.82E-02 |
218.03 |
74.129 |
|
31 |
7.7 |
1.63E-02 |
185.45 |
60.706 |
|
32 |
8 |
6.05E-02 |
151.23 |
47.088 |
|
33 |
8.2 |
3.31E-02 |
102.83 |
26.138 |
|
34 |
8.4 |
2.3089 |
277.4 |
117.8 |
|
35 |
8.4224 |
0.39548 |
175.79 |
28.372 |
|
36 |
8.4376 |
0.36676 |
221.05 |
26.246 |
|
37 |
8.4527 |
0.13318 |
156.56 |
25.26 |
|
38 |
8.4614 |
0.16355 |
180.19 |
24.917 |
|
39 |
8.4702 |
0.15782 |
118.21 |
23.545 |
|
40 |
8.474 |
0.15848 |
147.64 |
23.585 |
|
41 |
8.4777 |
0.15792 |
162.29 |
23.462 |
|
42 |
8.4834 |
0.15843 |
132.95 |
23.105 |
|
43 |
8.4886 |
0.15792 |
140.06 |
22.795 |
|
44 |
8.4939 |
0.15878 |
158.04 |
22.837 |
|
45 |
8.5017 |
0.15771 |
174.21 |
22.594 |
|
46 |
8.5135 |
0.12582 |
178.08 |
22.04 |
|
47 |
8.5312 |
0.15637 |
139.56 |
21.284 |
|
48 |
8.5351 |
0.15713 |
153.35 |
21.159 |
|
49 |
8.5389 |
0.15824 |
189.53 |
21.627 |
|
50 |
8.5447 |
0.15738 |
164.21 |
21.223 |
|
51 |
8.5533 |
0.15971 |
149.81 |
21.71 |
|
52 |
8.5663 |
0.15828 |
226.26 |
21.536 |
|
53 |
8.5747 |
0.15574 |
248.88 |
21.397 |
|
54 |
8.583 |
0.11073 |
400.32 |
21.508 |
|
55 |
8.5956 |
0.1404 |
358.59 |
20.621 |
|
56 |
8.6007 |
0.10503 |
141.59 |
20.312 |
|
57 |
8.6058 |
0.11861 |
130.81 |
20.202 |
|
58 |
8.6135 |
9.16E-02 |
135.9 |
20.126 |
|
59 |
8.625 |
0.11162 |
134.66 |
20.011 |
|
60 |
8.6422 |
7.73E-02 |
134.7 |
19.899 |
|
61 |
8.6681 |
0.11297 |
134.73 |
19.799 |
|
62 |
8.7069 |
0.11454 |
134.78 |
19.748 |
|
63 |
8.7651 |
0.11619 |
134.82 |
19.778 |
|
64 |
8.8524 |
0.11594 |
134.81 |
19.788 |
|
65 |
8.9262 |
0.11608 |
134.81 |
19.789 |
|
66 |
9 |
0.11607 |
134.81 |
19.789 |
|
67 |
9.2 |
0.11607 |
134.81 |
19.789 |
|
68 |
9.4 |
0.11607 |
134.81 |
19.789 |
|
69 |
9.7 |
0.11607 |
134.81 |
19.789 |
|
70 |
10 |
0.11607 |
134.81 |
19.789 |
Simulation Video -https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xFdFSBScN9DAnIj_oKLZzEGQcitcGDIF/view?usp=sharing
Case 2:
Directional Deformation:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm] |
Maximum [mm] |
Average [mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
-0.1 |
8.18E-02 |
-3.18E-02 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
-0.2 |
0.16324 |
-6.38E-02 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
-0.35 |
0.28561 |
-0.11135 |
|
4 |
1 |
-0.5 |
0.39401 |
-0.15786 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
-0.7 |
0.52425 |
-0.21937 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
-0.90026 |
0.65156 |
-0.28064 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
-1.2031 |
0.84502 |
-0.37274 |
|
8 |
2 |
-1.5058 |
1.0368 |
-0.46516 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
-1.8084 |
1.2287 |
-0.55822 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
-2.1104 |
1.4151 |
-0.65178 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
-2.5636 |
1.6904 |
-0.79391 |
|
12 |
3 |
-3.0172 |
1.9556 |
-0.93855 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
-3.6219 |
2.2911 |
-1.1368 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
-4.2278 |
2.6011 |
-1.3431 |
|
15 |
3.6 |
-4.8363 |
2.8852 |
-1.5594 |
|
16 |
3.9 |
-5.7561 |
3.2482 |
-1.9041 |
|
17 |
4 |
-6.063 |
3.3457 |
-2.025 |
|
18 |
4.2 |
-6.6848 |
3.5059 |
-2.276 |
|
19 |
4.4 |
-7.2942 |
3.6133 |
-2.5392 |
|
20 |
4.55 |
-7.754 |
3.6594 |
-2.7445 |
|
21 |
4.7 |
-8.2124 |
3.6747 |
-2.9564 |
|
22 |
4.925 |
-8.8981 |
3.6379 |
-3.2865 |
|
23 |
5 |
-9.1276 |
3.6106 |
-3.3997 |
|
24 |
5.2 |
-9.7499 |
3.5011 |
-3.7105 |
|
25 |
5.4 |
-10.356 |
3.3423 |
-4.0285 |
|
26 |
5.505 |
-10.675 |
3.2397 |
-4.1993 |
|
27 |
5.61 |
-10.995 |
3.1239 |
-4.3726 |
|
28 |
5.7675 |
-11.473 |
2.9298 |
-4.636 |
|
29 |
6 |
-12.176 |
2.5985 |
-5.0329 |
|
30 |
6.2 |
-12.49 |
2.4411 |
-5.209 |
|
31 |
6.4 |
-12.79 |
2.2753 |
-5.3832 |
|
32 |
6.7 |
-13.244 |
2.0117 |
-5.6482 |
|
33 |
7 |
-13.699 |
1.7317 |
-5.9156 |
|
34 |
7.2 |
-13.389 |
1.9213 |
-5.7353 |
|
35 |
7.4 |
-13.07 |
2.1076 |
-5.5542 |
|
36 |
7.6 |
-12.75 |
2.2869 |
-5.3745 |
|
37 |
7.9 |
-12.288 |
2.5177 |
-5.1141 |
|
38 |
8 |
-12.201 |
2.5638 |
-5.0515 |
|
39 |
8.2 |
-12.39 |
2.3334 |
-5.1622 |
|
40 |
8.4 |
-12.439 |
2.3187 |
-5.1736 |
|
41 |
8.7 |
-12.461 |
2.3826 |
-5.1926 |
|
42 |
9 |
-12.461 |
2.4036 |
-5.2101 |
|
43 |
9.2 |
-12.461 |
2.4036 |
-5.2916 |
|
44 |
9.4 |
-12.461 |
2.4036 |
-5.2814 |
|
45 |
9.7 |
-12.461 |
2.4036 |
-5.2899 |
|
46 |
10 |
-12.461 |
2.4036 |
-5.3073 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lK4iaXB1444GXDGoIp0HMedk1ZkFc4SW/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Elastic Strain:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm/mm] |
Maximum [mm/mm] |
Average [mm/mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
2.28E-08 |
8.82E-04 |
2.17E-04 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
1.02E-07 |
1.76E-03 |
4.33E-04 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
8.49E-08 |
2.96E-03 |
7.36E-04 |
|
4 |
1 |
1.65E-07 |
2.95E-03 |
8.20E-04 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
1.63E-07 |
2.97E-03 |
8.48E-04 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
3.75E-07 |
2.96E-03 |
8.58E-04 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
1.95E-07 |
2.89E-03 |
8.72E-04 |
|
8 |
2 |
2.09E-07 |
2.92E-03 |
8.80E-04 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
2.58E-07 |
2.94E-03 |
8.89E-04 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
4.01E-07 |
2.99E-03 |
8.94E-04 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
6.08E-07 |
2.95E-03 |
9.04E-04 |
|
12 |
3 |
6.90E-07 |
2.88E-03 |
9.13E-04 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
3.92E-07 |
2.85E-03 |
9.28E-04 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
6.23E-07 |
2.86E-03 |
9.48E-04 |
|
15 |
3.6 |
1.10E-06 |
2.81E-03 |
9.68E-04 |
|
16 |
3.9 |
7.13E-07 |
2.85E-03 |
1.01E-03 |
|
17 |
4 |
3.68E-07 |
2.83E-03 |
1.02E-03 |
|
18 |
4.2 |
4.68E-07 |
2.86E-03 |
1.05E-03 |
|
19 |
4.4 |
1.69E-06 |
3.08E-03 |
1.09E-03 |
|
20 |
4.55 |
8.64E-07 |
2.98E-03 |
1.11E-03 |
|
21 |
4.7 |
7.85E-07 |
2.82E-03 |
1.13E-03 |
|
22 |
4.925 |
3.54E-07 |
2.88E-03 |
1.17E-03 |
|
23 |
5 |
8.94E-07 |
2.89E-03 |
1.19E-03 |
|
24 |
5.2 |
1.08E-07 |
2.92E-03 |
1.22E-03 |
|
25 |
5.4 |
8.16E-07 |
2.79E-03 |
1.25E-03 |
|
26 |
5.505 |
4.53E-07 |
2.87E-03 |
1.27E-03 |
|
27 |
5.61 |
4.16E-07 |
2.80E-03 |
1.29E-03 |
|
28 |
5.7675 |
2.59E-06 |
2.85E-03 |
1.32E-03 |
|
29 |
6 |
1.58E-06 |
2.92E-03 |
1.36E-03 |
|
30 |
6.2 |
1.42E-06 |
2.84E-03 |
1.39E-03 |
|
31 |
6.4 |
2.62E-06 |
2.90E-03 |
1.40E-03 |
|
32 |
6.7 |
1.52E-06 |
2.79E-03 |
1.42E-03 |
|
33 |
7 |
1.05E-06 |
2.80E-03 |
1.44E-03 |
|
34 |
7.2 |
7.15E-07 |
2.30E-03 |
1.17E-03 |
|
35 |
7.4 |
1.62E-07 |
2.05E-03 |
9.28E-04 |
|
36 |
7.6 |
1.61E-06 |
1.87E-03 |
6.93E-04 |
|
37 |
7.9 |
4.81E-07 |
1.64E-03 |
4.27E-04 |
|
38 |
8 |
6.96E-07 |
1.60E-03 |
4.02E-04 |
|
39 |
8.2 |
4.57E-07 |
1.54E-03 |
3.87E-04 |
|
40 |
8.4 |
3.00E-07 |
1.54E-03 |
3.95E-04 |
|
41 |
8.7 |
5.08E-07 |
1.54E-03 |
3.88E-04 |
|
42 |
9 |
5.16E-07 |
1.54E-03 |
3.88E-04 |
|
43 |
9.2 |
4.61E-07 |
1.54E-03 |
3.88E-04 |
|
44 |
9.4 |
4.61E-07 |
1.54E-03 |
3.88E-04 |
|
45 |
9.7 |
4.61E-07 |
1.54E-03 |
3.88E-04 |
|
46 |
10 |
4.61E-07 |
1.54E-03 |
3.88E-04 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1oS3S2GWuJV5P0PUEq6HTGsN0AEWGLOub/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Stress:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [MPa] |
Maximum [MPa] |
Average [MPa] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
5.19E-04 |
54.65 |
11.119 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
2.63E-03 |
109.38 |
22.193 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
1.82E-03 |
183.22 |
37.093 |
|
4 |
1 |
6.80E-03 |
182.28 |
40.144 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
5.91E-03 |
183.28 |
40.924 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
7.26E-03 |
182.97 |
41.157 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
3.16E-03 |
177.95 |
41.559 |
|
8 |
2 |
3.38E-03 |
180.38 |
41.727 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
7.05E-03 |
182.11 |
41.977 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
1.07E-02 |
184.9 |
42.074 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
1.21E-02 |
181.43 |
42.405 |
|
12 |
3 |
1.56E-02 |
174.11 |
42.693 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
1.09E-02 |
175.81 |
43.199 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
9.13E-03 |
176.63 |
43.976 |
|
15 |
3.6 |
5.28E-03 |
173.26 |
44.654 |
|
16 |
3.9 |
1.49E-02 |
176.65 |
46.306 |
|
17 |
4 |
3.55E-03 |
175.42 |
46.763 |
|
18 |
4.2 |
2.53E-03 |
175.8 |
48.026 |
|
19 |
4.4 |
3.32E-02 |
189.97 |
49.415 |
|
20 |
4.55 |
3.39E-02 |
183.52 |
50.26 |
|
21 |
4.7 |
4.55E-02 |
173.78 |
51.325 |
|
22 |
4.925 |
1.71E-02 |
177.65 |
52.828 |
|
23 |
5 |
3.07E-02 |
178.99 |
53.393 |
|
24 |
5.2 |
2.23E-03 |
179.41 |
55.009 |
|
25 |
5.4 |
2.67E-02 |
172.54 |
55.973 |
|
26 |
5.505 |
1.66E-02 |
177.37 |
56.919 |
|
27 |
5.61 |
1.95E-02 |
172.91 |
57.708 |
|
28 |
5.7675 |
6.94E-02 |
175.68 |
58.888 |
|
29 |
6 |
2.91E-02 |
180.39 |
60.608 |
|
30 |
6.2 |
3.81E-02 |
175.56 |
61.909 |
|
31 |
6.4 |
3.01E-02 |
178.6 |
62.353 |
|
32 |
6.7 |
6.45E-02 |
172.55 |
63.458 |
|
33 |
7 |
4.46E-02 |
172.98 |
64.033 |
|
34 |
7.2 |
8.72E-03 |
141.07 |
50.993 |
|
35 |
7.4 |
6.54E-03 |
116.48 |
38.898 |
|
36 |
7.6 |
2.87E-02 |
88.835 |
27.19 |
|
37 |
7.9 |
8.11E-03 |
53.972 |
12.261 |
|
38 |
8 |
1.73E-02 |
53.333 |
10.477 |
|
39 |
8.2 |
1.13E-02 |
57.984 |
9.3356 |
|
40 |
8.4 |
6.64E-03 |
58.796 |
9.6984 |
|
41 |
8.7 |
8.63E-03 |
58.737 |
9.3775 |
|
42 |
9 |
7.98E-03 |
58.631 |
9.3719 |
|
43 |
9.2 |
1.21E-02 |
58.661 |
9.3707 |
|
44 |
9.4 |
1.21E-02 |
58.661 |
9.3707 |
|
45 |
9.7 |
1.21E-02 |
58.661 |
9.3707 |
|
46 |
10 |
1.21E-02 |
58.661 |
9.3707 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1oS3S2GWuJV5P0PUEq6HTGsN0AEWGLOub/view?usp=sharing
Case 3:
Directional Deformation:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm] |
Maximum [mm] |
Average [mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
-0.1 |
8.09E-02 |
-2.79E-02 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
-0.2 |
0.16212 |
-5.57E-02 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
-0.35 |
0.28765 |
-9.70E-02 |
|
4 |
1 |
-0.5 |
0.41793 |
-0.13752 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
-0.7 |
0.57225 |
-0.19115 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
-0.9 |
0.70733 |
-0.24385 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
-1.2 |
0.90425 |
-0.32279 |
|
8 |
2 |
-1.5009 |
1.0949 |
-0.40215 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
-1.8038 |
1.2861 |
-0.48222 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
-2.1061 |
1.4695 |
-0.56266 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
-2.5599 |
1.742 |
-0.68615 |
|
12 |
3 |
-3.0137 |
2.0058 |
-0.81376 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
-3.6184 |
2.3434 |
-0.99256 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
-4.2219 |
2.6555 |
-1.1829 |
|
15 |
3.6 |
-4.8257 |
2.9398 |
-1.3878 |
|
16 |
3.9 |
-5.7315 |
3.293 |
-1.7259 |
|
17 |
4 |
-6.0339 |
3.3898 |
-1.847 |
|
18 |
4.2 |
-6.6408 |
3.5462 |
-2.1031 |
|
19 |
4.4 |
-7.2436 |
3.6476 |
-2.3769 |
|
20 |
4.7 |
-8.1489 |
3.7001 |
-2.8218 |
|
21 |
5 |
-9.0532 |
3.6293 |
-3.3056 |
|
22 |
5.2 |
-9.6618 |
3.5118 |
-3.65 |
|
23 |
5.4 |
-10.261 |
3.3502 |
-4.0067 |
|
24 |
5.7 |
-11.163 |
3.0198 |
-4.5676 |
|
25 |
6 |
-12.065 |
2.5967 |
-5.1544 |
|
26 |
6.2 |
-12.374 |
2.4323 |
-5.3578 |
|
27 |
6.4 |
-12.672 |
2.2652 |
-5.5595 |
|
28 |
6.7 |
-13.122 |
1.9989 |
-5.8674 |
|
29 |
7 |
-13.573 |
1.7103 |
-6.1772 |
|
30 |
7.2 |
-13.267 |
1.8997 |
-5.968 |
|
31 |
7.4 |
-12.956 |
2.0824 |
-5.7579 |
|
32 |
7.7 |
-12.49 |
2.3428 |
-5.4498 |
|
33 |
8 |
-12.032 |
2.579 |
-5.1512 |
|
34 |
8.2 |
-11.626 |
2.6075 |
-5.0002 |
|
35 |
8.4 |
-11.262 |
2.6455 |
-4.8714 |
|
36 |
8.4101 |
-11.361 |
2.6995 |
-4.8858 |
|
37 |
8.4202 |
-11.361 |
2.7227 |
-4.8843 |
|
38 |
8.4252 |
-11.367 |
2.7165 |
-4.8855 |
|
39 |
8.4281 |
-11.368 |
2.7186 |
-4.8844 |
|
40 |
8.431 |
-11.368 |
2.7206 |
-4.8842 |
|
41 |
8.4326 |
-11.368 |
2.7206 |
-4.8841 |
|
42 |
8.4341 |
-11.367 |
2.7203 |
-4.8841 |
|
43 |
8.4362 |
-11.367 |
2.7199 |
-4.8841 |
|
44 |
8.4383 |
-11.367 |
2.7195 |
-4.8841 |
|
45 |
8.4414 |
-11.367 |
2.7189 |
-4.8841 |
|
46 |
8.443 |
-11.367 |
2.7186 |
-4.8841 |
|
47 |
8.4445 |
-11.367 |
2.7183 |
-4.8841 |
|
48 |
8.4468 |
-11.366 |
2.7179 |
-4.8842 |
|
49 |
8.4503 |
-11.366 |
2.7172 |
-4.8843 |
|
50 |
8.4556 |
-11.366 |
2.7161 |
-4.8844 |
|
51 |
8.4634 |
-11.365 |
2.7144 |
-4.8846 |
|
52 |
8.4752 |
-11.365 |
2.7117 |
-4.8852 |
|
53 |
8.4928 |
-11.364 |
2.7097 |
-4.8859 |
|
54 |
8.5193 |
-11.364 |
2.7089 |
-4.8866 |
|
55 |
8.559 |
-11.364 |
2.7086 |
-4.8876 |
|
56 |
8.6186 |
-11.364 |
2.7086 |
-4.8896 |
|
57 |
8.708 |
-11.364 |
2.7085 |
-4.8932 |
|
58 |
8.8421 |
-11.364 |
2.7085 |
-4.8994 |
|
59 |
9 |
-11.364 |
2.7085 |
-4.9075 |
|
60 |
9.2 |
-11.364 |
2.7084 |
-4.9523 |
|
61 |
9.4 |
-11.364 |
2.7084 |
-4.9473 |
|
62 |
9.7 |
-11.364 |
2.7084 |
-4.9559 |
|
63 |
10 |
-11.364 |
2.7084 |
-4.9699 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/10_7UBaErGrHp5PLYSLxIHFIBYkkSnlOc/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Elastic Strain:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [mm/mm] |
Maximum [mm/mm] |
Average [mm/mm] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
3.97E-09 |
8.84E-04 |
1.75E-04 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
3.79E-08 |
1.77E-03 |
3.49E-04 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
3.64E-08 |
3.12E-03 |
6.15E-04 |
|
4 |
1 |
8.54E-08 |
4.49E-03 |
8.88E-04 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
2.14E-07 |
5.33E-03 |
1.10E-03 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
5.46E-08 |
5.03E-03 |
1.16E-03 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
2.60E-08 |
5.13E-03 |
1.22E-03 |
|
8 |
2 |
1.12E-07 |
4.87E-03 |
1.24E-03 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
5.62E-08 |
4.94E-03 |
1.27E-03 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
2.20E-07 |
5.05E-03 |
1.28E-03 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
3.46E-07 |
4.87E-03 |
1.30E-03 |
|
12 |
3 |
5.31E-07 |
5.01E-03 |
1.33E-03 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
2.92E-07 |
4.86E-03 |
1.36E-03 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
2.95E-07 |
4.97E-03 |
1.39E-03 |
|
15 |
3.6 |
2.08E-07 |
4.82E-03 |
1.44E-03 |
|
16 |
3.9 |
5.51E-07 |
4.93E-03 |
1.51E-03 |
|
17 |
4 |
3.07E-07 |
5.07E-03 |
1.54E-03 |
|
18 |
4.2 |
2.37E-07 |
5.19E-03 |
1.59E-03 |
|
19 |
4.4 |
2.83E-07 |
5.11E-03 |
1.63E-03 |
|
20 |
4.7 |
7.57E-08 |
5.02E-03 |
1.71E-03 |
|
21 |
5 |
2.34E-07 |
4.86E-03 |
1.79E-03 |
|
22 |
5.2 |
6.04E-08 |
4.95E-03 |
1.85E-03 |
|
23 |
5.4 |
3.20E-07 |
4.90E-03 |
1.89E-03 |
|
24 |
5.7 |
3.97E-07 |
4.84E-03 |
1.97E-03 |
|
25 |
6 |
1.25E-06 |
4.98E-03 |
2.05E-03 |
|
26 |
6.2 |
6.34E-07 |
4.95E-03 |
2.10E-03 |
|
27 |
6.4 |
1.05E-06 |
4.86E-03 |
2.11E-03 |
|
28 |
6.7 |
3.53E-07 |
4.96E-03 |
2.15E-03 |
|
29 |
7 |
8.59E-08 |
4.99E-03 |
2.08E-03 |
|
30 |
7.2 |
1.96E-07 |
4.28E-03 |
1.89E-03 |
|
31 |
7.4 |
5.69E-07 |
3.85E-03 |
1.67E-03 |
|
32 |
7.7 |
6.99E-07 |
3.59E-03 |
1.33E-03 |
|
33 |
8 |
4.32E-07 |
3.32E-03 |
1.01E-03 |
|
34 |
8.2 |
1.87E-07 |
3.03E-03 |
6.17E-04 |
|
35 |
8.4 |
1.45E-05 |
4.75E-03 |
1.88E-03 |
|
36 |
8.4101 |
1.35E-05 |
2.61E-03 |
7.10E-04 |
|
37 |
8.4202 |
1.67E-06 |
3.61E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
38 |
8.4252 |
2.61E-06 |
4.67E-03 |
6.24E-04 |
|
39 |
8.4281 |
2.56E-06 |
4.84E-03 |
6.18E-04 |
|
40 |
8.431 |
1.58E-06 |
4.27E-03 |
5.99E-04 |
|
41 |
8.4326 |
2.30E-06 |
3.99E-03 |
5.96E-04 |
|
42 |
8.4341 |
2.10E-06 |
4.17E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
43 |
8.4362 |
2.27E-06 |
5.13E-03 |
5.99E-04 |
|
44 |
8.4383 |
1.95E-06 |
4.43E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
45 |
8.4414 |
1.91E-06 |
5.44E-03 |
5.99E-04 |
|
46 |
8.443 |
1.78E-06 |
4.04E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
47 |
8.4445 |
1.68E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
48 |
8.4468 |
1.60E-06 |
4.04E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
49 |
8.4503 |
8.64E-07 |
4.04E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
50 |
8.4556 |
1.35E-06 |
4.04E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
51 |
8.4634 |
1.23E-06 |
4.04E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
52 |
8.4752 |
1.21E-06 |
4.04E-03 |
5.97E-04 |
|
53 |
8.4928 |
1.14E-06 |
4.04E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
54 |
8.5193 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
55 |
8.559 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
56 |
8.6186 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
57 |
8.708 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
58 |
8.8421 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
59 |
9 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
60 |
9.2 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
61 |
9.4 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
62 |
9.7 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
|
63 |
10 |
1.15E-06 |
4.03E-03 |
5.98E-04 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/18Q15ueGBvENtpb06NJ0AR-h10Rfqnb06/view?usp=sharing
Equivalent Stress:
|
Time [s] |
Minimum [MPa] |
Maximum [MPa] |
Average [MPa] |
|
|
1 |
0.2 |
2.72E-04 |
62.758 |
11.824 |
|
2 |
0.4 |
2.65E-03 |
125.32 |
23.527 |
|
3 |
0.7 |
1.36E-03 |
221.18 |
41.482 |
|
4 |
1 |
6.05E-03 |
318.71 |
59.84 |
|
5 |
1.2 |
1.01E-02 |
377.57 |
71.222 |
|
6 |
1.4 |
2.65E-03 |
356.18 |
73.157 |
|
7 |
1.7 |
1.77E-03 |
363.29 |
74.85 |
|
8 |
2 |
4.82E-03 |
343.76 |
75.759 |
|
9 |
2.2 |
2.48E-03 |
350.09 |
76.885 |
|
10 |
2.4 |
5.73E-03 |
357.95 |
77.021 |
|
11 |
2.7 |
1.18E-02 |
345.39 |
77.684 |
|
12 |
3 |
1.39E-02 |
354.51 |
78.513 |
|
13 |
3.2 |
3.33E-03 |
344.2 |
80.047 |
|
14 |
3.4 |
1.64E-02 |
352.1 |
81.206 |
|
15 |
3.6 |
9.49E-03 |
341.68 |
83.071 |
|
16 |
3.9 |
2.06E-02 |
349.05 |
86.406 |
|
17 |
4 |
7.98E-03 |
359.41 |
87.455 |
|
18 |
4.2 |
1.68E-02 |
367.29 |
89.776 |
|
19 |
4.4 |
1.13E-02 |
361.99 |
91.839 |
|
20 |
4.7 |
4.96E-03 |
355.76 |
95.557 |
|
21 |
5 |
4.78E-03 |
344.6 |
99.416 |
|
22 |
5.2 |
3.11E-03 |
350.85 |
102.49 |
|
23 |
5.4 |
1.07E-02 |
347.35 |
104.31 |
|
24 |
5.7 |
2.31E-02 |
342.82 |
108.46 |
|
25 |
6 |
3.44E-02 |
352.54 |
112.8 |
|
26 |
6.2 |
4.50E-02 |
350.89 |
115.6 |
|
27 |
6.4 |
9.78E-03 |
344.45 |
116.15 |
|
28 |
6.7 |
8.32E-03 |
350.68 |
117.99 |
|
29 |
7 |
4.82E-03 |
353.09 |
113.33 |
|
30 |
7.2 |
4.95E-03 |
302.04 |
101.47 |
|
31 |
7.4 |
1.16E-02 |
272.9 |
87.063 |
|
32 |
7.7 |
9.80E-03 |
243.68 |
66.138 |
|
33 |
8 |
1.69E-02 |
210.04 |
45.571 |
|
34 |
8.2 |
9.46E-03 |
158.88 |
19.726 |
|
35 |
8.4 |
0.36828 |
329 |
113.34 |
|
36 |
8.4101 |
0.49267 |
136.15 |
27.695 |
|
37 |
8.4202 |
0.11594 |
216.41 |
19.721 |
|
38 |
8.4252 |
5.94E-02 |
234.95 |
20.725 |
|
39 |
8.4281 |
0.15097 |
235.77 |
20.112 |
|
40 |
8.431 |
0.10294 |
208.95 |
19.27 |
|
41 |
8.4326 |
7.27E-02 |
165.22 |
19.082 |
|
42 |
8.4341 |
8.01E-02 |
171.94 |
19.107 |
|
43 |
8.4362 |
7.21E-02 |
217.96 |
19.151 |
|
44 |
8.4383 |
8.04E-02 |
189.84 |
19.097 |
|
45 |
8.4414 |
6.66E-02 |
307.12 |
19.2 |
|
46 |
8.443 |
7.58E-02 |
184.39 |
19.082 |
|
47 |
8.4445 |
7.78E-02 |
182.46 |
19.072 |
|
48 |
8.4468 |
8.07E-02 |
182.66 |
19.078 |
|
49 |
8.4503 |
3.94E-02 |
182.92 |
19.087 |
|
50 |
8.4556 |
9.21E-02 |
183.31 |
19.103 |
|
51 |
8.4634 |
8.19E-02 |
183.88 |
19.13 |
|
52 |
8.4752 |
7.86E-02 |
184.75 |
19.18 |
|
53 |
8.4928 |
7.87E-02 |
185.53 |
19.233 |
|
54 |
8.5193 |
7.91E-02 |
185.88 |
19.257 |
|
55 |
8.559 |
7.93E-02 |
185.99 |
19.265 |
|
56 |
8.6186 |
7.93E-02 |
186.02 |
19.267 |
|
57 |
8.708 |
7.93E-02 |
186.02 |
19.267 |
|
58 |
8.8421 |
7.93E-02 |
186.02 |
19.267 |
|
59 |
9 |
7.93E-02 |
186.02 |
19.267 |
|
60 |
9.2 |
7.93E-02 |
186.02 |
19.267 |
|
61 |
9.4 |
7.93E-02 |
186.02 |
19.267 |
|
62 |
9.7 |
7.93E-02 |
186.02 |
19.267 |
|
63 |
10 |
7.93E-02 |
186.02 |
19.267 |
Simulation Video - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GRPoXvbabZiQ1dCUxc4qLCrpz1518RRt/view?usp=sharing
Tabulation:
|
Cases |
Max. Directional Deformation (mm) |
Max. Equivalent Elastic Strain (mm/mm) |
Max. Equivalent Stress (MPa) |
|
Case 1 |
|||
|
Aluminium Alloy 1199 |
3.682 |
3.06E-03 |
188.89 |
|
Copper Alloy |
3.6943 |
3.54E-03 |
387.35 |
|
Magnesium Alloy |
3.7447 |
1.21E-02 |
400.32 |
|
Case 2 |
3.6747 |
3.08E-03 |
189.97 |
|
Case 3 |
3.7001 |
5.44E-03 |
377.57 |
Comparison:
Our first objective is the Case 1 in which we will keep the mesh parameters and the boundary conditions to be the same but we will vary 3 different materials and while doing so we can see that the least directional deformation, equivalent elastic strain and equivalent stress occurs in Aluminium Alloy 1199 compared to the other materials Copper Alloy and Magnesium Alloy and so we can conclude that Aluminium Alloy 1199 is the best suited material.
We can also see that for the second objective which is the Case 2 we will be changing only one parameter which is the co-efficient of friction to be 0.19 and all the other parameters will remain the same for the material Aluminium Alloy 1199. The observed results have a very slight variation which nearly to equal to the values obtained in the Case 1 in which the co-efficient of friction is kept to be 0.1. Hence, we can conclude that increasing the co-efficient of friction doesn’t increase the solution parameters.
And the final objective which is the Case 3 is that we will be refining the mesh and keeping all others the parameters the same. When compared these values with that of Case 1 we can see that there is a slight variation in the directional deformation but a very high variation in both the equivalent elastic strain and equivalent stress of the model with which we can conclude that we have to refine the mesh to get better results for the said model and also keeping in the mind the computational time and perform grid dependency test for the model. Hence, we can conclude that even after improving the mesh Aluminium Alloy 1199 is the best suited material.
- Ashutosh VartakPossible to view simulation video? As link that you shared doesnt work