Study different vehicle models and their parameters in the Advisor tool of MATLAB

Aim: Study different vehicle models and their parameters in the Advisor tool of MATLAB.

Objectives:

• Study the advisor tool of MATLAB.
• Study about different parameters of the vehicle which can affect the vehicle performance.

Theory:

ADVISOR, NREL’s ADvanced VehIcle SimulatOR, is a set of model, data, and script text files for use with Matlab and Simulink. It is designed for rapid analysis of the performance and fuel economy of conventional, electric, and hybrid vehicles. ADVISOR also provides a backbone for the detailed simulation and analysis of user-defined drivetrain components, a starting point of verified vehicle data and algorithms from which to take full advantage of the modeling flexibility of Simulink and analytic power of MATLAB.

You may benefit from using ADVISOR if you want to:

• estimate the fuel economy of vehicles that have not yet been built
• learn about how conventional, hybrid or electric vehicles use (and lose) energy throughout their drivetrains
• compare relative tailpipe emissions produced on several cycles
• evaluate an energy management strategy for your hybrid vehicle’s fuel converter
• optimize the gear ratios in your transmission to minimize fuel use or maximize performance, etc.

The models in ADVISOR are:

• mostly empirical, relying on drivetrain component input/output relationships measured in the laboratory, and
• quasi-static, using data collected in steady-state (for example, constant torque and speed) tests and correcting them for transient effects such as the rotational inertia of drivetrain components.

1.For the EV_defaults_in file, if cargo mass is 500 kg with all other default conditions, can the vehicle travel for 45 km with an FTP drive cycle? Conclude your observations.

Steps:

1.First to open the advisor tool we have to run the advisor.m file MATLAB.

2. After that we get the following GUI in which we can change the type of units we want either it is matric or US system and then we click on the start button.

3. As in the problem statement, we have to use the EV_defaults_in model file to load this file as shown in the below diagram.

4.Now we have to change the cargo mass to 500kg as we can see in the above image by the default value of the cargo mass is 136 so that value we have to change. So to change the value in the variable list of the 'component' we have to select vehicle because the cargo mass is related to vehicle parameters and in the variable', we have to select veh_cargo_mass. after this we have to click on the edit 'var' button and add the cargo mass which is 500 kg.

so when we click the o.k. button the cargo mass changes.

5.Now we have to add the FTP cycle for that click on the 'continue button and it will take us to the next window in which we can add the drive cycle.

6.Now after this we have to click on the 'RUN' button to see the result of the vehicle performance. Now as we have to see that the vehicle can go 45km in one charge.

When we add only one FTP cycle then the vehicle can go the maximum distance the vehicle has traveled is 17.8Km but the Battery SOC(state of charge) is not fully drawn it is drawn only 60% and we have a 40% charge available in the battery so to fully drawn the SOC we have to add the more number of the drive cycles of FTP type as shown in the figure to get the maximum distance the vehicle can go in one charge.

Results:

1.For the 1 cycle of FTP drive cycle:

2. for the 2 cycles of FTP drive cycle:

3. For the 3 cycles of FTP drive cycle:

Conclusion:

From this, we caN say that the maximum range of this EV__defaults_in model is 41.4km, it can't go to the 45km distance.

2.changing the battery capacity of the EV__defaults_in file.

Let us see what happen when we increase or decrease the battery capacity:

Case 1: Decreasing the battery of default value of 25Kw to 15Kw.

1. For the 1 cycle of FTP drive cycle:

2.For the 2 cycles of FTP drive cycle:

Result: So as we can see that when we decrease the battery capacity from 25Kw to 15Kw then the battery discharges fastly as compared to the 25Kw capacity battery.

Case2: When we increase the capacity of the battery from 25Kw to 50Kw.

1.For only one cycle of FTP drive cycle:

2.For 2 cycles of FTP drive cycle:

3.For 3 cycles of FTP drive cycle:

Result: As we increase the battery capacity from 25Kw to 50Kw then the range for the total distance traveled for the vehicle increases.

Conclusion: So when we increase the battery capacity the SOC also increase,

3.Perform gradeability test with PRIUS_Jpn_defaults_in file.

We have to select the PRIUS_Jpn_defauls_in in the load file, the car name is Toyota Prius

Now to do the gradeability test we are taking the default UDDS drive cycle and we have to click on the Gradeabilty test, to change the gradeability we have to click on the Grade option.

Now to do the gradeability test we have to vary the speed of the vehicle in the particular steps increasing in mph and we have found the maximum gradeability % for the particular speed.

We are doing the gradeability test for the following speed for 15 sec each

Speed: 1mph, 5mph, 10mph, 15mph, 20mph, 25mph, 30mph

Time: 15sec

for this gradeability test, we are enabling all system i.e. Energy storage and fuel converter systems

We are considering the initial SOC is 0.6 and the minimum SOC is 0.45.

Results:

1.Gradeability for the 1mph with all system enabled:

2.Gradeability for the 5mph with all system enabled:

3.Gradeability for the 10mph with all system enabled:

4.Gradeability for the 15mph with all system enabled:

5.Gradeability for the 20mph with all system enabled:

6.Gradeability for the 25mph with all system enabled:

7.Gradeability for the 30mph with all system enabled:

Result:

Speed(mph)	Speed(Km/h)	Gradeability(With all system enabled)	Gradeability(with only an Energy storage system enabled)	Gradeability(with only fuel converter system enabled)
1	1.6	32.4%	32.4%	0%
5	8	34.5%	34.5%	0%
10	16.1	32.8%	32.8%	0%
15	24.1	27%	27%	0%
20	32.2	22.1%	22.1%	0%
25	40.2	18.8%	18.8%	0%
30	48.3	16.9%	16.9%	2.5%

Conclusion:

From the above result, we can conclude that the electrical motor is good for the initial or starting torque required for the vehicle at a lower speed. We can also see that for all systems enabled and for energy storage system enabled the gradeability increases up to 5mph and after that, the gradeability decreases. as we can see for the only fuel converter system for the lower speed the gradeability is zero and the gradeability starts increasing from 30mph.