Week 1 Understanding Different Battery Chemistry
BATTERIES TYPES
BASED ON CHARACTERISTICS
| LITHIUM IRON BATRRIES TYPE | |||||||
| SI.no | CHARACTERISTIC | LFP | LCO | LMO | NMC | NCA | LTO |
| 1 | NAME | LITHIUM IRON PHOSPATE | LITHIUM COBALT OXIDE | MANGANESE OXIDE | NICKELVMANGANESE COBALT OXIDE | LITHIUM NICKEL COBALT ALUMINIUM AXIDE | LITHIUM TITANIUM OXIDE |
| 2 | CATODE | Phospate | Cobalt Oxide | Lithum Manganese | Lithium manganese cobalt | Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium | titanium |
| 3 | ANODE | Graphite Carbon | Graphite Carbon | Graphite Carbon | Graphite Carbon | Graphite Carbon | Graphite Carbon |
| 4 | CATHODE | FePO4+LI(+) + e(-) ↔ LIFePO4 | CoO2+LI(+) + e(-) ↔ LICoO2 | MNO2+LI(+) + e(-) ↔ LIMNO2 | NIMNCoO2+LI(+) + e(-) ↔ LINIMNCoO2 | NICoALO2+LI(+) + e(-) ↔ LINICoALO2 | 4MN2PO4 + 4LI(+) + 4E(-) ↔ 4LIMN2O4 |
| 5 | ANODE | LIC6 ↔ C6 + LI(+) + e1(-) | LIC6 ↔ C6 + LI(+) + e1(-) | LIC6 ↔ C6 + LI(+) + e1(-) | LIC6 ↔ C6 + LI(+) + e1(-) | LIC6 ↔ C6 + LI(+) + e1(-) | LI4Ti5O12 + 4LI(+) +4E(-) ↔ 4LIMN2O4 |
| 6 | OVER ALL EQUATION | LICoO2+C6 ↔ LIC6 +CoO2 | LICoO2+C6 ↔ LIC6 +CoO2 | LICoO2+C6 ↔ LIC6 +CoO2 | LICoO2+C6 ↔ LIC6 +CoO2 | LICoO2+C6 ↔ LIC6 +CoO2 | 4MN2O4 + LI4Ti5O12 ↔ 4LIMN2O4 + Ti4O12 |
| 7 | NOMINAl VOLTAGE | 3.2V | 3.60V | 3.70V | 3.60V,3.70V | 3.60V | 2.40V |
| 8 | LIFE | long life | less life | less life | long life | less life | long life |
| 9 | THERMAL STABILITY | Good thermal stability | lower thermal stability | Good thermal stability | Good thermal stability | lower thermal stability | Good thermal stability |
BASED ON FEATURES
| LITHIUM IRON BATRRIES TYPE | |||||||
| SI.no | FEATURES | LFP | LCO | LMO | NMC | NCA | LTO |
| 1 | OPERATING VOLGAE | 2.5- 3.65V | 3.0 -4.2V | 3.0 -4.2V | 3.0 -4.2V | 3.0 -4.2V | 1.8-2.85V |
| 2 | SPECIFIC POWER | 90-120WH/KG | 150-200WH/KG | 100-150WH/KG | 150-220WH/KG | 200-260WH/KG | 50-80WH/KG |
| 3 | CHARGE RATE | 1C | 0.7 TO 1C | 0.7 TO 1C | 0.7 TO 1C | 0.7C | 1C MAXIMUM 5C |
| 4 | DISCHARE RATE | 1C;25C POSSIBLE SOME CELL 2.50V CUT OFF |
1C; 2.50 CUT OFF | 1C;10C POSSIBLE SOME CELL 2.50V CUT OFF |
1C;2C POSSIBLE SOME CELL 2.50V CUT OFF |
1C;3V CUT OFF | 10C;30CPOSSIBLE SOME CELLS ,1.80 CUT OFF |
| 5 | CYCLE LIFE | 2000 CYCLE | 500 -1000 CYCLE | 300-700 CYCLE | 1000-2000 CYCLE | 500 CYCLE | 3000-7000 |
| 6 | THERMAL RUNAWAY | 270 DEGREE | 150 DEGREE | 250 DEGREE | 210 DEGREE | 150 DEGREE | HIGH TERMAL RUNAWAY THAN ALL Li-Ion battery |
| 7 | SAFETY | HIGH SAFETY | SAFEST ONE | SAFABLE ONE | SAFEST THAN LMO | LESS SAFTY | ONE OF SAFEST |
| 8 | COST | $ 580 PER KWH | $ 307 PER KWH | $ 263 PER KWH | $420 PER KWH | $350 PER KWH | $ 1005 PER KWH |
| 9 | APPLICATION | Portable devices,stationaries need high load currents | Mobile phone, laptops, tablets,camera | Power tools, medical devices,electric power trains | E-bikes, medical devices,EVs, industrial | Medical devices, industrial, electric poer trains | UPS,Electric powertrains, solar powered steet lighting |