Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
1) Light switch, Fuse, Ammeter, Ignition Switch, Battery, Starter, Ignition coil, Circuit breaker, Generator, Distributor, Current and voltage Regulator, Foot Selector Switch.
2) a) Battery: A battery is a collection of cells. It is used to store energy. The chemical reaction occurring in the cell of a battery results in the flow of electricity in the circuit. There are two types of batteries, as follows
Primary batteries: Primary batteries are those batteries which cannot be recharged once used (Called Non-rechargeable batteries), they are one-time use batteries. Example: Zinc-carbon battery also known as dry cell battery where zinc act as a negative electrode and carbon acts as a positive electrode.
Secondary batteries: Secondary batteries are those batteries which can be recharged upon being fully used. Example: mobile phone battery.
b) Fuse: Fuse is a safety Device used in circuits. It is the most critical component or element in any circuit as it helps the operator from getting shocked, as well as the machine, by avoiding the overflow of current which may result in current flowing on the body of the machine. Basically, Fuse destroys itself when the amount of current is more than the required amount, when the amount of flowing current is more the wire present inside the fuse melts which breaks the flow of current.
c) Ammeter: The flow of electrons is called current and it is measured in Amperes. The device used to measure current is called the Ampere meter, in short Am-meter. The current can be a Direct current (DC) or an Alternating Current (AC) and an ammeter can measure a wide range of variety of current values.
3) Total load = 10 A
Voltage = 12 V
Power = Volatge * Cuurent(Total load)
P = 12 * 10
p= 120 W
Fuse Rating(I) = (P*1.50)/V = (120*1.50)/12 = 180/12 = 15 A
The fuse rating is more than the maximum load of the circuit to avoid short circuits or damage due to overflow of load.
4) P = 500W, and I can be assumed as 10A with the help of the previous calculation:
we know that P = V*I
500 = 12* I
I = 500/12 = 41.66 A
Battery Capacity = Current*Time = 41.66*1 ~= 42 Ah
5) Scaled Beam and Parking light/lamp: The voltage across the circuit remains the same in a parallel connection. The reason why it is connected in parallel is that even if one beam malfunctions the other beam should work fine.
Unlike series connections, parallel connections are used to sync the components and even if one of the lights stops working then the other should work perfectly fine. if the series combination is used, if one light malfunctions then automatically the second light won't light up because of the first light.
6) Battery and starter: In a parallel combination the voltage across the circuit is the same and it does not vary with time and the current will vary accordingly. Now if the current keeps fluctuating throughout then the starter won't be able to receive the required correct amount of current. So we use the series combination in order to maintain the constant current in the circuit.