Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project
Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project
1) Why are building codes or standards essential for the modeling/ efficiency of drawings in Revit ?
The National Building code is a document that provides guidelines for construction of structures like Residential, Mercantile, Institutional, Educational, Commercial, Assembly, Storage spaces and even for hazardous buildings also.
It is important to follow these guidelines that are meant to protect the overall health of the construction and ensure the health and safety of the public and the residence.
These standardized codes were published in 1970 and revised later in 1983. The latest version was in 2016. And before that, we have revised in 2005.
Building codes and standards are essential for the modeling and efficiency of drawing in Revit software.
- A set of standards that are uniform to all the structures
These building codes provide a set of standards that are uniform to all the structures, therefore it guides the modeling process.
2. It protects the construction safety
These codes protect the overall health of the construction as well as the public and residence.
3. Modern Construction methods
The designer constantly refers these building codes for modeling which hence their knowledge in this field and also it enables to combine the modern construction methods with these standard conventional standards.
4. Provides building standards
These standards also help the government agencies to approve the plans as it become the law of particular jurisdiction when formally enacted by appropriate government or authority. Therefore, it provides the building standards with the approval of government agencies for approving the plan.
Therefore, building codes are standards and it will be essential for the modeling or it will be efficiency of drawing in Revit software.
2) From the National Building Code list the groups that will be essential to you when you begin modeling in Autodesk Revit.
The list of groups that is essential for modeling in Autodesk Revit from the National Building Code are,
- Group A: residential buildings.
- Group B: Educational buildings.
- Group C: assembly buildings.
- Group D: Institutional buildings.
- Group E: Mercantile buildings.
- Group F: Business buildings.
- Group G: Storage buildings.
- Group H: Industrial buildings.
- Group J: Hazardous buildings.
3) List the five major steps that occur in project cycle . The steps should include from conceptualization of project to maintenance and final stage.
The basic steps of Conceptualization to final stages are
- Initiation.
- Planning.
- Execution.
- Closure.
1.Initiation
First initiation. In this stage it is necessary to figure out the project. Figure out the objective of the project. Determine whether the project is feasible and identify the major deliverables from the project. The major steps involved in the initiation stage is undertaking a feasibility study, then identifying the scope, then identify the deliverables, become out of this project, then identify the project stakeholders and finally developing a statement of work.
2.Planning
After the initiation stage you will have a planning stage. Once the project is approved to move forward based on business case, statement of work or project initiation document, the next phase is planning. During this phase the large project is broken down into smaller tasks, build your team and prepare your schedule for the completion of assignments.
To creating a smaller goal with the larger projects making sure each is achievable within the timeframe. Smaller goals should have high potential for success.
The major steps of this planning stages
- You need to create a project plan.
- You need to create a workflow diagram.
- Estimating your budgets.
- Gathering resources.
- Anticipating risks and potential quality of roadblocks, and
- Finally holding a project kickoff meeting then.
3.Execution
This phase turns plan into action that is from plan to action. The project manager job is to keep your work on track. He/she organizes a team of members to manage timelines and make sure that the work is done as per the original plan.
In this execution stage we may have some steps called,
- Creating tasks and organizing workflows.
- Briefing team members about the projects.
- Communicating with the team members.
- Monitoring quality of work and
- Managing the budget as per the initiation project.
4.Closure
Once the team has completed work on a project, closure phase starts. In this closure phase, you provide final deliverables, release and determine the success of the project.
The major steps involved in the closure projects are.
- To analyze the project performance.
- Analyzing the team performance.
- Documenting project closure.
- Conducting post implementation reviews and
- Accounting for used and unused budget.
So, these are all the major steps you need to provide in a project cycle.
4) Give examples of different disciplines involved in construction of a project.
There are the different discipline involving the construction projects, they are,
1.Construction
Construction is managing the building of civil engineering system from beginning to end, which includes the coordination between both the owners, contractors and even the designers.
2.Finance and Estimating
For this discipline, they can operate in the business world to including accounting financial contracts and estimating the cost of activities, then contracts and bid, they demonstrating strong bidding practices and effective contract administration is integral to acquitting the next job or project as a construction manager.
3.Geotechnical
Designing foundations and earthquake system to support soil itself and transfer load from structures into the Earth while limiting settlements. So, these are the major works under the geotechnical team.
4.Managements
Management helps to managing equipment, personnel and supply to build more effectively also efficiently and as well as economically.
5.Structural team
Structural team, designing system of structural members used to support loads for a specified public function, such as bridge, buildings, dams and some towers.
6.Surveying team
Apart from surveying team, they can measure physical features to include Horizontal distance and elevation differences to determine the property lines, layout, building and producing the maps.
So apart from these discipline, you can have an architect people, structural people, plumbing people, mechanical people, civil engineering people. There are plenty of disciplines available in a single construction of the projects. So these are the major discipline apart from these discipline you will have architect, civil engineer, plumbing, mechanical and electrical people in a single construction project.
5) How are buildings classified ? Place the following buildings under each category
a. Four-unit apartments
b. School with capacity of 1000 students
c. A single unit shop.
d. Multi story Shopping complex
e. Steel machine factory
- Four-unit apartments
– Group A: Residential Building
- School with capacity of 1000 students
- Group B: Educational Building
- A single unit shop
- Group E: Mercantile Building
- Multi story Shopping complex
- Group E: Mercantile/Commercial Building
- Steel machine factory
- Group H: Industrial Building
6) Distinguish the roles of Design team and Management team.
Design team
- Helps to finalize the plan.
The project requiring such multidisciplinary inputs needs a coordinated approach among the professionals for proper integration of various design inputs for this and to take care of the complexities of the multidisciplinary requirements, a design team of professionals from required disciplines shall be constipated at the appropriate stage.
It is desirable that the multidisciplinary integration is initiated right from the conceptual stage itself. The team shall finalize the plan.
- Evaluationaries in the project
The composition of team shall depend on the nature and magnitude of the project. Design is an evaluation and participatory process.
The anticipation of owner constitutes a very important input at all the stages, and the same shall be insured by design team.
- Implementation of the designs
To ensure proper implementation of the design, the design team may associate it during the both construction and even execution stage. They all follow the rule of NBC 2000. clause 4.1.
Management team
- Accomplishment of project
The objective of the project management team primarily is they have to achieve accomplishment of projects in accordance with the design and specification in a stipulated time as well as the cost framework.
So, their first duty is they have to accomplish the project with efficient time and as per the quoted budget.
- Execute the design
The teams also responsible for the day-to-day execution as well as the design, supervision, quality control, etc. And they also ensure interdisciplinary coordination during the construction stage.
- Achieve satisfactory completion of the project
They are also responsible to achieve satisfactory completion of the project with regard to cost, time and quality.
Some members of design team may also include in this team.
It is important that the Leaders and members of this team, are selected depending on the size and complexity of the projects considering their qualification, experience and expertise in these fields.
So, all their works, both design team and management team roles are followed as per the NBC Clause 4.1 and 4.2.
7) Refer to NBC, Identify the modeling requirements for the project (from week 4).
a. Height Limitations
b. Area Limitations
c. Room sizing
d. Wall height
e. Thickness based on fire life and safety
f. Passageway requirements
- Height Limitations
As per NBC 2005, Clause C-2.5, the height of the building shall not Exceed 15m.
The height of the building in my model is 6.4m which is less than 15m.
Hence, it follows NBC guidelines.
2.Area Limitations
As per NBC 2005, Clause-2.3.1, the minimum plot size with ground coverage not exceeding 75%, shall not be less than 40 sq.m in small and medium town and not less than 30 sq.m in metropolitan area.
The area occupied by the building in my model is greater than 40sq.m. Floor area of my model is 47’ x 25’ which is 109 sq.m.
Hence, it follows NBC guidelines.
3.Room sizing
As per NBC 2005, Clause-3.3.
In my model the number of rooms in the building is 4 and the total area of the rooms is (10.21 x 2 + 11.24 +35.86 + 16.90 + 5.10)sq.m = 89. 52sq.m, which is greater than the value specified in the code.
Hence, the building is safe.
4.Wall height
According to the NBC 2005 Class F-3.4, the minimum height of rooms and spaces should be,
- Habitable room - 2.75 meter.
- Kitchen - 2.6 meter
- Bath / water closet - 2.2 meter
- Corridor - 2.21 meter
In case of sloping roof, the average height of roofs for habitable rooms shall be 2.75 meter and the minimum height at eaves shall be 2.1 meter.
When coming to my model, the walls have a height of 3 meters which is greater than the minimum wall height specified in the code.
Hence, it is satisfied.
5.Thickness based on fire life and safety
The thickness for masonry walls is given by the table 2 of fire and life safety section of NBC 2005.
In my model the wall thickness is 8” (203mm) which is greater than the specified value in the NBC code book.
Hence, the model is safe.
6.Passageway requirements
As per NBC 2005. Table 1
My model satisfies all the requirements in the table.
Hence, Ok.
8) We have identified requirements for modeling from question 7, Use these numbers from code book and verify the numbers used in modeling the unit from week 2 to week 4. If the numbers are not reasonable, use the numbers obtained from the code book to create a revision of the mode.
This model resembles the actual modeling requirements for Project 1 of course work.
- The model which I have created is based on the NBC guidelines and satisfies all the requirements as per the guidelines.
- From the question 7, it is clear that the model satisfies all the requirements as per the guidelines and no need any further correction/revision.